水热沉淀法制备Pt掺杂TiO2空心球及其对罗丹明B的降解

以硫酸钛、尿素为原料,碳球为模板,采用水热沉淀法制备了TiO2空心球,用水合肼还原氯铂酸的方法得到Pt掺杂的TiO2空心球.利用X线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、紫外可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)等测试手段对所得的样品进行了表征,并以高质量浓度的罗丹明B为降解物考察了其在紫外光下的光催化活性.实验结果表明,掺杂少量的Pt不会影响TiO2空心球的晶型.光催化降解实验表明,水热沉淀法制备的Pt-TiO2空心球在紫外光下具有比商品二氧化钛P25(Degussa)更高的光催化活性,特别是Pt掺杂量2 0%的TiO2空心球的光催化活性最高,当光催化反应2 h后对罗丹明B的脱色率可达100%.     

掺钒TiO2粉末的制备及光催化活性

为提高TiO2的光催化活性,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了两种不同掺钒方式的TiO2粉末,并用XRD、TEM、XPS和UV-V is等技术对样品进行了表征,通过对甲基橙的光催化降解动力学来验证催化剂的光催化活性.结果表明:在500℃下焙烧3 h后制得的催化剂为锐钛矿相,粒径在15~30 nm之间;与单一的V/TiO2不同,往纯TiO2中掺杂V/TiO2后,XPS测试中检测不出V2p的特征峰;光催化实验证实,当V/TiO2与纯TiO2处于一定比例时样品具有更高的催化效率.     

纳米TiO2的制备及光催化性能

采用RF-PCVD法，以TiCl4 O2为反应体系，制备出了球状纳米级TiO2粉体。经TEM，XRD，BET测试表明，粉体为锐钛型金红石型的混晶体，粒径范围为20-60nm，平均粒径45nm。苯酚降解实验表明，TiO2粉体具有明显的光催化活性，并就光催化效率与德国产TiO2进行了比较。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2/MCM-41负载型光催化剂及其性能表征

以钛酸丁酯为钛源、MCM-41分子筛为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2/MCM-41负载型光催化剂,并通过XRD、BET、TEM、XPS对最佳条件下制备的光催化剂进行表征.结果表明,所制光催化剂是一种具有均匀规则孔道结构的介孔材料,其粉体比表面积高达358.8m2/g;经700℃煅烧,催化剂主要晶相为锐铁矿相.光催化...     

低温合成纳米TiO2及其气相光催化氧化性能

以TiCl4为前驱体 ,采用控制水解法 ,在常温下合成出平均粒径为 2 5nm的锐钛型纳米TiO2 ,并在不同温度下进行热处理 .利用XRD、BET、DRS、TEM等手段对纳米TiO2 进行了表征 ,以丙酮作为目标降解物 ,考察其气相光催化氧化性能。结果表明 ,常温下制备的纳米TiO2 具有明显的量子尺寸效应。经过 6 0 0℃热处理的样品活性最好。比表面积与晶化度的适当平衡导致光催化活性的提高     

水热沉淀法制备TiO_2空心球及光催化性能

以碳球为模板,硫酸钛为钛源,水作溶剂,尿素为均一沉淀剂,通过水热沉淀法制备了C/TiO2核壳结构,然后在空气中适当温度下煅烧得TiO2空心球.采用XRD、SEM、TEM、FT-IR等手段对实验样品进行分析表征.实验发现,空心球的大小可以通过改变碳球的大小加以调控;光催化性能测试表明,影响空心球光催化性能的主要因素是水热温度,水热时间影响较小.     

TiO_2纳米管对Cu(Ⅱ)和Ag(Ⅰ)的吸附和光催化还原作用研究

以纳米TiO2为原料,采用水热合成法制备TiO2纳米管.FT-IR表征表明含有较为丰富的羟基;XRD表征表明TiO2纳米管主要为锐钛矿相,有少量的金红石相;BET比表面积为96.5m2.g-1.TiO2纳米管吸附Cu(Ⅱ)和Ag(Ⅰ)的结果表明,吸附符合朗格缪尔吸附等温线模型,Cu(Ⅱ)和Ag(Ⅰ)的qmon分别为2.41×10-5、13.3×10-5 mol.g-1,K分别为3.95×103、6.35×103 L.mol-1.在300W的紫外灯照射下进行光催化实验,结果表明反应近似符合一级模型,反应级数与金属离子在TiO2纳米管表面的吸附平衡常数相关;TiO2纳米管对Cu(Ⅱ)和Ag(Ⅰ)具有较高的光催化活性.     

共沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备掺杂Fe3+的TiO2纳米粉体及其光催化性能

采用共沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备了掺杂Fe3+的TiO2纳米粉体,通过XRD和TEM等对掺杂Fe3+的TiO2纳米粉体的结构相变、晶粒粒度进行表征,研究了所得粉体的光催化活性.结果表明,用共沉淀-共沸蒸馏法制备出了分散性好的球形掺杂Fe3+的TiO2纳米粉体,热处理温度为450℃时粒径为7 nm左右,晶相为纯锐钛矿型;700℃时粒径为22 nm左右,晶相为锐钛矿型和金红石型混合相;通过对亚甲基橙的光催化降解研究,发现掺入0.1%Fe3+的TiO2粉体的催化活性较好,且经共沸处理的比未经共沸处理的具有更好的活性.     

超临界干燥制备的纳米TiO2对光催化降解甲基橙的影响

以钛酸正丁酯为原料 ,采用溶胶 -凝胶过程超临界干燥制备具有锐钛矿晶型结构的纳米二氧化钛粉体 ,以光催化降解甲基橙为模型反应 ,用XRD、TEM、DRS对上述粉体进行表征 .结果表明 ,与普通干燥法所得粒子比较 ,该干燥工艺所得的TiO2 粉体粒径小 ,光催化活性较高 .     

TiOSO4热水解法制备超细TiO2颗粒光催化剂

采用廉价的TiOSO4为原料，通过热水解反应制备超细TiO2颗粒光催化剂，探讨了不同制备条件对光催化性能的影响，并采用XRD，TEM，BET，TG－DTG－DTA对催化剂进行表征，初步说明TiO2光催化活性与其晶型，粒径大小，比表面等微结构的关系。结果表明，经160℃热处理制备的TiO2粉末是球形和多孔型结构，比表面积约为170m^2/g，只有锐钛型单一晶相为无定型组成，颗粒平均粒径为20nm，其光催化活性与商业化Degussa P25 TiO2超细颗粒相近。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.