黑苦荞黄酮类化合物的提纯及抑菌活性研究

【目的】研究黑苦荞(Fagopyrum tataricum)乙醇提取物中黄酮类化合物的提纯和抑菌活性。【方法】在体积分数为80%的乙醇溶液作为萃取剂、料液比为1 g∶5 mL的条件下得到粗提物;以三氯化铝比色法测定粗提物中黄酮类化合物含量;用AB-8大孔吸附树脂对粗提物进行纯化;采用打孔法分别测定粗提物和纯化物样品液形成的抑菌圈直径和最小抑菌浓度。【结果】粗提物干膏平均得率为6.26%,黄酮类化合物的平均提取率为2.52%;通过AB-8型大孔吸附树脂纯化,黄酮类化合物的平均吸附率、平均回收率分别为79.37%,42.23%;粗提物对大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)和枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)均有抑菌活性,对上述细菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为2.5,1.25和2.5 mg·m,对黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)无抑菌活性;纯化物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最小抑菌浓度分别为250,500和250 μg·m,对黑曲霉无抑菌活性。【结论】黑苦荞黄酮类化合物的对枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌均有抑菌活性,对黑曲霉无抑菌活性。相比粗提物,纯化物对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性明显提高。     

金钗石斛根际土壤放线菌的分离及抑菌活性筛选

采用6种培养基对金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile Lindl.)根际土壤放线菌进行了分离,通过16S r DNA序列分析对分离菌株进行初步鉴定。以大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)、马铃薯晚疫病菌(Phytophthora infestans)和灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)为指示菌,测定分离菌株的抑菌活性。结果显示:从金钗石斛根际土壤中分离获得164株放线菌,并划分为10个不同操作单元(Operational taxonomic units) OTUs,分别隶属于纤维菌属(Cellulosimicrobium)和链霉菌属(Streptomyces),其中,链霉菌属为优势属,占分离菌株的93. 90%;获得的164株放线菌中有19株链霉菌属菌株具抑菌活性,占分离菌株的11. 58%,其中菌株g62和G29对枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等细菌均表现出显著的抑菌活性,H2对枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌和灰葡萄孢均具有抑菌活性,可见,g62、G29和H2具有广谱抑菌活性。     

海芦笋黄酮化合物抑菌效果研究

研究海芦笋黄酮化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、沙门氏菌、副溶血弧菌的体外抑制效果。结果表明,海芦笋黄酮化合物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、沙门氏菌、副溶血弧菌的抑制效果良好,而抑菌效果为:大肠杆菌<沙门氏菌<枯草芽孢杆菌<副溶血弧菌<金黄色葡萄球菌。     

壳聚糖的抑菌效果研究

比较了苯甲酸和不同浓度壳聚糖对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、黑曲霉菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌等的抑菌效果.研究结果表明,壳聚糖对以上五种菌均具有一定的抑菌效果,且抑菌效果好于苯甲酸.壳聚糖对金黄色葡萄球菌和苏云金杆菌的最低抑菌浓度为0.125％,对大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度为0.25％,对枯草芽孢杆菌的最低抑菌浓度为0.5％,对黑曲霉的最低抑菌浓度为1.0％.说明,金黄色葡萄球菌和苏云金杆菌对壳聚糖较敏感,黑曲霉对壳聚糖不太敏感.     

田基黄提取物抑菌作用的研究

该实验以金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、青黄链霉菌、酿酒酵母菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌和变形杆菌为供试菌种,采用采用滤纸片扩散法对田基黄水提取液进行抑菌实验研究,并测定其最低抑菌浓度（MIC）,其结果表明：田基黄水提取物对供试菌种普遍有抑制作用,黑曲霉除外;MIC也因菌种不同而不同,金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌和青黄链霉菌为0.25g/mL,酿酒酵母菌为0.5g/mL,苏云金芽孢杆菌和变形杆菌均为0.125g/mL.实验还采用不同有机溶剂的提取物对选取的五种供试菌种进行抑菌作用研究,其结果表明：田基黄有机溶剂提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、青黄链霉菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌均有抑制作用,且抑菌效果均比水提取物的抑菌效果明显.     

茜草根不同部位提取物的抑菌效果

为了明确茜草抑菌内含物的最佳提取方法和不同部位的乙醇萃取物的抑菌活性,用体积分数分别为0%、50%、60%、70%、80%的乙醇对茜草根的不同部位进行提取,选择大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌为测试菌。试验结果表明:60%乙醇提取液效果最好,基部根、粗根、细根以基部根抑菌效果最好。基部根和粗根的提取液对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌最小抑菌浓度均为0.125 g/mL,对大肠杆菌最小抑菌浓度为0.250 g/mL;细根对3种菌的最小抑菌浓度高于其他两者。     

云南琵琶甲化学成分的抑菌活性

采用平板稀释法测定了从昆虫云南琵琶甲中分离到的１０种化学成分对大肠 杆菌、绿脓杆菌,巨大芽孢杆菌、白色葡萄球菌、滕黄八叠球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌作用。结果表明,化合物Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅶ对大肠杆菌、对大大肠杆菌、巨大芽孢杆菌、白色葡萄球菌、腾黄八叠球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌有很强的抑菌活性,所有化合物对绿脓杆菌无抑菌活性。     

橙皮素芳酰腙化合物的微波合成与抑菌活性研究

利用微波辐射技术,以橙皮素和芳酰肼为原料设计合成3种橙皮素芳酰腙类化合物,应用红外光谱、核磁共振谱、质谱和元素分析等分析手段对化合物进行了结构表征.抑菌活性实验表明,合成的3种橙皮素芳酰腙类化合物对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性与橙皮素相比均有较大增强.     

东紫苏根中抑菌活性成分的研究

采用生物活性跟踪法从东紫苏根中分离出3个具有广谱抑菌活性的物质,通过波谱分析并与文献值比较,分别鉴定为卢氏冬凌草素5(Ⅰ)、槲皮素(Ⅱ)和木犀草素(Ⅲ),其中化合物Ⅰ为首次从该属植物中分离得到.抑菌试验表明:3个化合物对枯草芽孢杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌等有不同程度的抑菌和杀菌作用.     

药用植物虎杖内生放线菌的分离及抑菌活性的研究

采用平板涂布法从药用植物虎杖(Polygonurn cuspidatum)中分离出内生放线菌41株,以大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)、沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhl)、白色念珠菌(Monilia albican)为靶标菌,采用滤纸片扩散法研究了虎杖内生放线菌发酵液的抑菌活性。结果显示,共有13株内生放线菌对5种靶标菌表现了不同程度的抑菌活性,占分离总数的31.7%。有5株内生放线菌表现出较明显的抑菌活性,特别是PEA004和PEA013菌株对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌圈分别达17 mm,15 mm,并且对其它几种靶标菌也表现出不同程度的抑菌活性。     

Layered La-Ba-Cu mixed oxides with perovskite structure as catalyst for NO reduction by CO

The mixed oxides, including LaBa₂Cu₃O₇, LaBaCu₂O₅, La₄BaCu₅O₁₂ with perovskite structure, were prepared. The catalysts were characterized by means of chemical analysis, XRD, H₂-TPR. It was found that their structures were layered ABO₃ perovskite structure and they were the active catalysts for the NO reduction by CO. The existance of Cu³⁺ is an important factor to give the catalysts a high activity for the NO reduction by CO.     

Improved electrochemica l properties by lithium insertion into Co3O4 in aqueous LiOH solution

Co₃O₄ microspheres were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal treatment.The first-cycle charge-discharge tests were carried out between-0.6 and 0.6 V vs.SCE.The pristine,discharged and recharged specimens were characterized by X-ray power diffraction and scanning electron microscopy.Cyclic voltammetry（CV） curves of Co₃O₄ at various concentrations in LiOH solution were investigated.The appearance of the two pairs of redox peaks indicated that two sets of faradaic reactions were involved in the redox reactions of Co₃O₄ to LiCoO₂ and LiHCoO₂.     

Synthesis of new bis-diphenyl-22-and diphenyl-11-membered ring N-pivot lariat crown ethers

Bis-diphenyl 22 and 11-Membered Ring N-pivot lariat Crown Ethers^[1,2] were prepared by one step reaction of 2,2′-dihydroxy-diphenyl with N-tosyl-diethanolamine ditoskylate in DMF at refluxing temperature under N₂, Using anhydrous potassium carbonate as condensing agent, respectirely. The tosyl group of (1,2) were removed by treatment with 40% HBr in AcoH in the presence gf a large amount of phenol to give correspondence crown ether compounds (3,4). New N-pirot lariat crown thers (5,6) were prepared by one step reaction of (3) with RBr (R=?CH₂CH=CH₂, ?CH₂(CH₂)₁₄CH₃) in CH₃CN at, refluxing temperature under N₂, Using anhydrous K₂CO₃ as condensing, agent. New N-pivot lariat croon ether(7) were prepared by one step reaction (4) withn-bromohexadecane in CH₃CN at refluxing temperature under N₂, Using anhydrous potassium carbonate as condensing agent. New compounds (1,3,5,6,7) were characterized by IR,¹H NMR, Ms and elemental analysis.     

POM@Fe-MOF衍生物的结构及其电化学性能

采用溶剂热法将Keggin型H_3PW_(12)O_(40)作为次级结构单元引入Fe-MOF结构中,合成出具有花状结构的POM@Fe-MOF材料,以其为模板在不同工艺条件下制备出衍生物WO_2@FePO_4和WO_3@WC@C。借助SEM、XRD等分析了衍生物的表面形貌及物相结构,并将WO_2@FePO_4和WO_3@WC@C分别作为超级电容器的正、负极材料,利用三电极体系在浓度为6mol/L的KOH电解质溶液中对其电化学性能进行表征,在0.5A/g的充电电流密度下分别得到了68.6F/g和70F/g的最高比电容。     

Preparation of Al<Subscript>72</Subscript>Ni<Subscript>8</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>8</Subscript>Zr<Subscript>6</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>3</Subscript>Y<Subscript>3</Subscript> amorphous powders and bulk materials

Amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were successfully fabricated by mechanical alloying. The microstructure, glass-forming ability, and crystallization behavior of amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The isothermal crystallization kinetics was analyzed by the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation. In the results, the supercooled liquid region of the amorphous alloy is as high as 81 K, as determined by non-isothermal DSC curves. The activation energy for crystallization is as high as 312.6 kJ·mol?1 obtained by Kissinger and Ozawa analyses. The values of Avrami exponent (n) imply that the crystallization is dominated by interface-controlled three-dimensional growth in the early stage and the end stage and by diffusion-controlled two- or three-dimensional growth in the middle stage. In addition, the amorphous Al₇₂Ni₈Ti₈Zr₆Nb₃Y₃ powders were sintered under 2 GPa at temperatures of 673 K and 723 K. The results show that the Vickers hardness of the compacted powders is as high as Hv 1215.     

腐殖酸包覆Fe_3O_4纳米粒子类Fenton催化降解亚甲基蓝

采用共沉淀法制备腐殖酸包覆的磁性四氧化三铁纳米粒子(HA@Fe_3O_4)并将其用于类Fenton体系催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB).通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、动态光散射(DLS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)对样品的形貌、结构及成分进行表征.比较HA包覆前后Fe_3O_4纳米粒子的催化效果,考察HA@Fe_3O_4催化剂用量、H_2O_2浓度等因素对降解效率的影响.结果表明HA的包覆可以显著提高MB的降解效率.     

新的糖/茂钛化合物的合成及其生物活性研究

用4种含糖基团取代二氯化二茂钛中的氯,合成了4种新的糖/茂钛化合物:乳糖酸根一氯化二茂钛C12H21O12.C10H10TiCl,质酸根一氯化二茂钛C14H20NO11.C10H10TiCl.8H2O,乳糖酸根一质酸根二茂钛C12H21O12.C14H20NO11.C10H10Ti.26H2O和乳糖酸酰胺乙酸根一氯化二茂钛C14H24NO13C10H10TiCl.化合物都经过红外光谱、核磁共振、元素分析表征,并用MTT法研究了化合物对人体子宫颈癌细胞增殖体外实验.研究表明新合成的化合物都溶于水,对癌细胞有很好的抑制作用,糖结构的引入有明显的肝靶向效应.     

Graphene-wrapped Fe2O3 nanorings for Li ion battery anodes

Graphene-wrapped Fe2O3 nanorings （RGO/ Fe2O3） were synthesized by a facile approach, which assembled with graphene and the Fe2O3 nanorings pre- cursor through the colloidal coagulation effect at room temperature. The uniform Fe2O3 nanorings prepared by hydrothermal routes were homogeneously distributed and well wrapped by graphene. When tested as anode for lithium ion batteries, RGO/Fe2O3 exhibits a high capacity and good cycling stability. This could be attributed to the interaction of ring-shaped structure and graphene sheets, which inherit the good kinetic property of Fe2O3 nanorings and enhance the structural integrity with graphene sheets＇ support.     

Effect of sintering temperature on the physical properties and electrical contact properties of doped AgSnO<Subscript>2</Subscript> contact materials

AgSnO₂ electrical contact materials doped with Bi₂O₃, La₂O₃, and TiO₂ were successfully fabricated by the powder metallurgy method under different initial sintering temperatures. The electrical conductivity, density, hardness, and contact resistance of the AgSnO₂/Bi₂O₃, AgSnO₂/La₂O₃, and AgSnO₂/TiO₂ contact materials were measured and analyzed. The arc-eroded surface morphologies of the doped AgSnO₂ contact materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of the initial sintering temperature on the physical properties and electrical contact properties of the doped AgSnO₂ contact materials were discussed. The results indicate that the physical properties can be improved and the contact resistance of the AgSnO₂ contact materials can be substantially reduced when the materials are sintered under their optimal initial sintering temperatures.     

不同形貌LaBO_3型钙钛矿的制备及其催化H_2O_2分解反应性能

采用柠檬酸络合法制备了La BO3(B=Fe,Co,Ni)钙钛矿催化剂,通过X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)、傅立叶-红外光谱(FT-IR)、透射电镜(TEM)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对催化剂进行了表征,在室温下测定了其对H2O2的催化分解能力.结果表明:催化分解能力依次为La Ni O3>La Co O3>La Fe O3,说明Ni较Co和Fe能更好地分解H2O2.通过改变La Fe O3催化剂的形貌也能提高催化剂性能,如多孔状La Fe O3较负载在SBA-15上的La Fe O3具有更好的催化分解活性.