质型多角体病毒在家蚕体内入侵与复制研究

采用在家蚕活体内研究家蚕质型多角体病毒(BmCPV)的入侵增殖复制过程,探讨BmCPV的入侵过程和增殖复制机制。实验用健康的三龄起蚕经口接种BmCPV后不同时间取中肠后部固定,制作电镜样品,在透射电子显微镜下观察,结果发现BmCPV病毒被食下1.5 h后,在中肠上皮组织圆筒形细胞微绒毛之间有病毒粒子存在,6 h后病毒进入微绒毛内,并向细胞质移动,9 h后观察到圆筒形细胞质中有病毒粒子。作者认为病毒入侵是以整个病毒粒子穿越中肠围食膜,吸附并进入微绒毛,感染圆筒形细胞,与前人病毒入侵只是髓核进入细胞,而病毒衣壳仍留在细胞外的推测不同。随后病毒核心物质进入细胞核,启动复制循环。经过隐潜期后病毒复制,在感染24 h后,细胞质中形成病毒发生基质,子代病毒开始形成,逐渐增多。感染48 h后,圆筒形细胞质中的多角体蛋白逐渐沉积并将病毒粒子包埋,最终形成新的多角体。     

核内肌动蛋白的研究进展

肌动蛋白是细胞质中的一种重要的胞质蛋白,承担多种细胞质功能,近年的研究工作表明在细胞核中存在肌动蛋白,而且,肌动蛋白还参与了核内多种生理活动,如DNA的转录、RNA的转运等,综述了近年来有关核内肌动蛋白的研究进展。     

凡纳对虾体内ACP、AKP酶的细胞化学定位

运用电镜酶细胞化学技术对凡纳对虾体内肝脏(L)、肌肉(M)、心脏(H)和复眼(E)等四种组织的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)进行了细胞化学定位,并与感染病毒的凡纳对虾四种组织中ACP、AKP的细胞化学定位进行比较.结果显示,在健康的对虾体内,ACP依次出现在各组织中的溶酶体、细胞核、细胞内膜、线粒体、内质网以及肝脏组织中的部分脂滴周围及微绒毛中AKP依次出现在各组织中的细胞膜、细胞核、溶酶体、内质网以及肝脏组织中的脂滴周围及微绒毛中.感染病毒后,对虾体内组织细胞出现了明显的病理变化,各组织细胞内均出现大量的髓样小体;各组织中ACP,AKP的超微细胞化学定位也发生了明显的规律性变化,表现为相应细胞器内ACP,AKP酶活性均减弱或消失,并在多数组织的细胞质中检测到ACP,AKP酶活性的高电子密度颗粒,且大量出现的髓样小体均呈阳性反应.     

Tn5转座子插入p95基因不影响AcMNPV的复制

从Tn5转座子介导的AcMNPV随机插入突变体库中,分离到一株复制正常的突变体AcApra41.突变定位发现Tn5转座子插入了病毒p95基因中.为了排除AcApra41中还有其他突变,利用同源重组法构建了p95基因定点插入突变的重组病毒AcGFP-P95in.PCR确认p95基因中插入了Tn5转座子;Western blot也证实AcApra41和AcGFP-P95in感染的细胞中,P95蛋白的分子量都因为插入突变而变小,由野生型的95 ku变为 55 ku.病毒复制动态曲线和荧光显微镜观察证实带有该插入突变的病毒能够在Sf9细胞中正常复制,并表达极晚期基因.这一结果表明完整的P95蛋白对病毒复制是非必须的.     

斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒感染甜菜夜蛾细胞的研究

 研究发现斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒（Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus,SpltNPV）不能成功感染同属甜菜夜蛾（S. exigua,Se）昆虫,为深入研究SpltNPV在离体Se301细胞中的感染进程以及病毒感染失败的原因,对感染后Se301细胞进行DNA复制、病毒基因转录以及病毒蛋白表达等检测。结果显示被感染的Se301细胞中病毒完成了DNA的复制和病毒早、晚期基因转录,但检测不到极晚期基因多角体基因（polyhedrin）的表达,病毒的蛋白表达受阻从而影响了病毒完成复制周期。 研究发现病毒蛋白表达受阻是SpltNPV在Se301细胞中无法形成子代病毒,完成整个病毒复制的主要原因,这为深入研究其感染失败机理奠定了坚实基础。     

含果蝇肌动蛋白基因的重组棉铃虫核型多角体病毒的构建

本实验利用昆虫杆状病毒表达载体，将果蝇肌动蛋白基因5Cactin克隆入杆状病毒表达载体，以棉铃虫单核衣壳核多角体病毒为亲本病毒，在脂质体介导下共转染棉铃虫细胞，空斑纯化得到重组病毒，以深入研究棉铃虫病毒在入侵、复制及装配过程中，宿主肌动蛋白的动态变化对病毒复制的作用与影响。     

黑胸大蠊浓核病毒的病理学研究

应用组织化学方法以及电镜超薄切片技术对黑胸大蠊浓核病毒感染蜚蠊的病理学作了初步研究．经孚尔根—亮绿染色、甲基绿—派洛宁染色、吖啶橙染色,发现蜚蠊中肠柱状上皮、盲囊、马氏管和砂囊组织不被蜚蠊浓核病毒感染外,其它几乎所有蜚蠊组织都被病毒感染,并在细胞核内形成孚尔根反应强阳性,派洛宁和吖啶橙好染的均匀物质团．电镜下发现,感染细胞核明显膨大,核内异染色质浓缩并被推向核的边缘,核仁分离并最后消失．核内病毒粒子从发生基质形成、释放,最后使核膜破裂而进入细胞质中．在少量细胞中可见到大片晶格排列的病毒颗粒．感染细胞内线粒体、内质网均退化,空泡化     

汉滩病毒囊膜糖蛋白g2基因重组腺病毒的构建与表达

获得汉滩病毒G2 基因 ,构建其重组腺病毒并在HEK2 93细胞中包装表达 ,为研究汉滩病毒基因疫苗提供了实验基础。设计引物采用PCR从含汉滩病毒 \|76 1 1 8株M基因的M5 6质粒扩增出糖蛋白G2 基因片段 ,并将其克隆入腺病毒载体Adeno XviralDNA ,筛选获得重组腺病毒DNA ,转染HEK2 93细胞 ,包装、扩增后得到汉滩病毒G2 基因重组腺病毒原种 ;并在感染细胞内初步表达 ,用ELISA检测表达产物。得到了含汉滩病毒G2 基因的重组腺病毒 ,其滴度约为 1 0 10 pfu/mL ,同时在感染的HEK2 93细胞中检测到汉滩病毒糖蛋白G2 的表达。含汉滩病毒糖蛋白G2 基因重组腺病毒的成功构建 ,为研究汉滩病毒基因疫苗提供了实验基础     

人血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体AT2R重组细胞系的构建与鉴定

目的:构建人血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体(hAT2R)过表达稳定细胞系,探讨AT2R激动剂Compound 21等对前列腺癌细胞的作用及机制.方法:构建含hAT2R基因的慢病毒表达载体pLV-CMV-hAT2R-IRES-eGFP并包装成慢病毒.将重组慢病毒载体pLV-CMV-IRES-eGFP-hAT2R感染前列腺癌细胞,并利用流式细胞术筛选出单克隆细胞株,RT-PCR及Western blot方法检测重组细胞系中hAT2R表达水平,使用AT2R激动剂CGP42112检测受体功能.结果:重组慢病毒载体感染PC-3、DU145前列腺癌细胞24 h后均能观察到eGFP表达,用流式细胞术分别筛选出单克隆细胞株,RT-PCR及Western blot检测结果显示目的基因hAT2R在两株重组细胞系中表达显著升高,CGP42112处理24 h后,重组细胞系细胞活力较正常PC-3、DU145细胞显著降低.结论:成功构建hAT2R过表达稳定细胞系.     

杆状病毒SpltMNPV病毒粒子中存在泛素复合物

通过间接免疫荧光分析,发现在斜纹夜蛾核多角体病毒(Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus,Splt MNPV)感染的Sl-zsu-1细胞的细胞质中存在大量的泛素或泛素复合物.Western印迹分析表明,在SpltMNPV多角体源病毒粒子与芽生型病毒粒子中均存在相对分子质量为30×103～65×103的泛素复合物.推测SpltMNPV在出芽或组装的过程中由感染细胞的胞质中获得泛素复合物.     

表达鸡传染性支气管炎病毒SD/97/01株S1蛋白的重组杆状病毒的构建

采用BAC－TO－BAC杆状病毒表达载体体系构建了表达鸡传染性支管炎病毒（IBV）呼吸型毒株SD／97／01S1蛋白的重组杆病病毒，含SD／97／01株S1基因原重组质粒p MDSD9701S1用BamHI和SalI双酶切后，回收的片段并克琶杆病病毒转座载体pFASTBACHTa中多角体基因启动子的下游，筛选出重组转座质粒pFASTSD9701S1U并转化大肠杆菌DH10BAC后,获得重组穿梭质粒rBacmidSD9701S1，用重组穿俊质粒DNA转染昆虫Sf9细胞，获得了含SD／97／01S1基因的重组杆状病毒rAcSD9701S1，重组病毒感染Sf9细胞后，用SDS－PAGE、Westernblot和IFA对细胞表达产物进行检测和分析。结果表明：构建的重组杆状病毒能够在昆虫细胞中表达SD／97／01的S1蛋白，该蛋白具有天然蛋白的抗原性。     

分泌性BACE1蛋白在昆虫细胞的表达

为了获得有活性的重组β-secretase并研究其功能,寻找特异性抑制剂,应用RT-PCR技术,从人胚胎脑组织特异性扩增并克隆了人BACE1编码基因的胞外片断(BACE1-454)。测序后与质粒pFastBac连接,得到含BACE1-454基因的重组质粒pFast-BACE1-454。将其转化到含有杆状病毒穿梭载体Bacmid的感受态细胞DH10Bac中进行转座重组,用琼脂糖凝胶电泳和PCR扩增对重组穿梭载体Bacmid-BACE1-454进行鉴定。将Bacmid-BACE1-454经脂质体介导转染Sf9细胞,收获病毒。用重组杆状病毒颗粒感染昆虫细胞,表达蛋白,免疫印迹证实所获蛋白产品具有特异的免疫反应性。     

Projection domains of MAP2 and tau determine spacings between microtubules in dendrites and axons.

Neurons develop a highly polarized morphology consisting of dendrites and a long axon. Both axons and dendrites contain microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) with characteristic structures. Among MAPs, MAP2 is specifically expressed in dendrites whereas MAP2C and tau are abundant in the axon. But the influence of MAP2, MAP2C and tau on the organization of microtubule domains in dendrites versus axons is unknown. Both MAP2 and tau induce microtubule bundle formation in fibroblasts after transfection of complementary DNAs, and a long process resembling an axon is extended in Sf9 cells infected with recombinant baculovirus expressing tau. We have now expressed MAP2 and MAP2C in Sf9 cells in order to compare their morphology and the arrangement of their microtubules to that found in Sf9 cells expressing tau. We report here that the spacing between microtubules depends on the MAP expressed: in cells expressing MAP2, the distance is similar to that found in dendrites, whereas the spacing between microtubules in cells expressing MAP2C or tau is similar to that found in axons.     

Construction and function of recombinant AcMNPV with double copies of v-cath gene

Two recombinant baculoviruses, dciAcMNPV and dcdAcMNPV in which another copy of the v-cath gene controlled by ie1 promoter and polh promoter was inserted, were respectively constructed by the Bac-to-Bac system. The expression of the v-cath gene of the recombinant baculoviruses in Sf9 cells at different phases was investigated by SDS- PAGE and Western blot. The results showed that only recombinant virus dciAcMNPV containing late gene v-cath driven by early gene promoter could express V-CATH protein, cathepsin encoded by virus genome, 12 h post-infection and dcdAcMNPV containing late gene v-cath driven by late and very late gene promoters could express more V-CATH protein. Negative control ncAcMNPV, a mutant deleted v- cath gene, could not express V-CATH protein at all. The Spodopera exigua larvae were infected with viruses respectively and the results showed that the toxicity was as follows: dcdAcMNPV>dciAcMNPV>wtAcMNPV>ncAcMNPV. The toxicity of recombinant viruses and the characters of dead larvae showed that the v-cath gene was relative to viral toxicity and host liquefaction. Recombinant baculovirus dcdAcMNPV might be used as a new kind of safe viral-pes- ticide, because of its high toxicity obtained by adding another gene copy and changing the expression level of its own gene relative to virulence.     

Cloning and expression of HIV-1 p24 gene in insect cells by using BAC-TO-BAC system

Recombinant transposing vector pFHIV24 was constructed by cloning the HIV-1 p24 gene into the Multiple cloning site (MCS) of the transposing vector pFastBac1 in the correct orientation with respect to the polyhedrin promoter. Recombinant bacmid bHIV24 was obtained by transposing a mini-att Tn7 element from the recombinant pFHIV24 to the mini-att Tn7 attachment site on the bacmid by Tn7 transposition functions provided by the helper plasmid. Minipreparation of recombinant bacmid DNA was transfected intoSpodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells to get the recombinant virus. Fresh insect Sf9 cells were infected with the recombinant virus containing p24 to express the target protein. The target protein expressed was analyzed on a 15% polyacrylamide gels and then used as antigen to check HIV-1 positive serum by ELISA. Our positive result shows that the expressed p24 protein could be used as standard antigen for HIV-1 diagnosis by ELISA and other reliable diagnostic methods of HIV-1 infection. Supported by the World Bank Boan Program Mallam Nock Joshua: born in 1967, Master of Science To whom correspondence should be addressed (027-7882712-2938)     

Cloning and expression of HIV-1 p24 gene in insect cells by using BAC-TO-BAC system

Recombinant transposing vector pFHIV24 was constructed by cloning the HIV-1 p24 gene into the Multiple cloning site (MCS) of the transposing vector pFastBac1 in the correct orientation with respect to the polyhedrin promoter. Recombinant bacmid bHIV24 was obtained by transposing a mini-att Tn7 element from the recombinant pFHIV24 to the mini-att Tn7 attachment site on the bacmid by Tn7 transposition functions provided by the helper plasmid. Minipreparation of recombinant bacmid DNA was transfected intoSpodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cells to get the recombinant virus. Fresh insect Sf9 cells were infected with the recombinant virus containing p24 to express the target protein. The target protein expressed was analyzed on a 15% polyacrylamide gels and then used as antigen to check HIV-1 positive serum by ELISA. Our positive result shows that the expressed p24 protein could be used as standard antigen for HIV-1 diagnosis by ELISA and other reliable diagnostic methods of HIV-1 infection. Supported by the World Bank Boan Program Mallam Nock Joshua: born in 1967, Master of Science To whom correspondence should be addressed (027-7882712-2938)     

AcMNPV p95基因一段339 bp序列在病毒复制中的作用

杆状病毒苜蓿银纹夜蛾核型多角体病毒(AcMNPV)的p95基因编码的P95蛋白是病毒核衣壳的组成部分,也是虫体经口感染相关因子PIF(Per os Infectivity Factor)复合体的组成部分.前期研究表明,完整的P95蛋白对病毒的复制是非必需的,其中一段450bp的序列可以部分弥补p95基因的作用.本研究将p95基因一段339bp的片段(Core339,AcMNPV基因组位置:69 576~69 914bp)以正反两个方向分别插入到p95基因敲除的AcMNPV基因组中多角体位点的polyA之后,构建了两株重组病毒vP95K/EGFP/339+和vP95K/EGFP/339-.该两株病毒能在Sf9细胞中正常复制,复制水平与p95基因正常的AcEGFP相当,但复制速度较慢.重组病毒感染细胞的Western blot分析未检测到P95蛋白的表达.这一结果表明P95蛋白的缺失对病毒在细胞中的复制没有显著影响,但核心片段Core339对于病毒复制具有关键作用.     

MAP2c confers drug stability to microtubulesin vivo

Microtubules in the axons of nerve cells have unusual stability. To investigate the role of MAP2c in the stabilization of microtubules in neurites, a baculovirus vector has been used to express high levels of MAP2c in insect ovarian Sf9 cells. The cells respond by extending neu-rite-like processes that contain dense bundles of microtubules. The infected cells have been treated with cold, colchicine and nocodazole, respectively. Results showed that all of the polymers were depolymerized within the first 30 min in cold, while no MT depolymerization was detected after 12 h in colchicine or 6 h in nocodazole. The findings strongly suggest that MAP2c is a factor in conferring drug stability to microtubules in neurons, but factors other than MAP2c or in addition to MAP2c are required for cold stability.     

Construction and function of recombinant AcMNPV with double copies of v-cath gene

Two recombinant baculoviruses, dciAcMNPV and dcdAcMNPV in which another copy of the v-cath gene controlled by ie1 promoter and polh promoter was inserted, were respectively constructed by the Bac-to-Bac system. The expression of the v-cath gene of the recombinant baculoviruses in Sf9 cells at different phases was investigated by SDSPAGE and Western blot. The results showed that only recombinant virus dciAcMNPV containing late gene v-cath driven by early gene promoter could express V-CATH protein, cathepsin encoded by virus genome, 12 h post-infection and dcdAcMNPV containing late gene v-cath driven by late and very late gene promoters could express more V-CATH protein. Negative control ncAcMNPV, a mutant deleted vcath gene, could not express V-CATH protein at all. The Spodopera exigua larvae were infected with viruses respectively and the results showed that the toxicity was as follows: dcdAcMNPV>dciAcMNPV>wtAcMNPV>ncAcMNPV. The toxicity of recombinant viruses and the characters of dead larvae showed that the v -cath gene was relative to viral toxicity and host liquefaction. Recombinant baculovirus dcdAcMNPV might be used as a new kind of safe viral-pesticide, because of its high toxicity obtained by adding another gene copy and changing the expression level of its own gene relative to virulence.