LF精炼钢中氧化物夹杂的控制

理论总结分析LF精炼过程中氧化物夹杂的控制途径.从脱氧、炉渣精炼、底吹氩和钙处理等工艺研究分析钢中夹杂物的产生、去除与形态变化,来达到减少钢中夹杂物总量,改变夹杂物形态,减少夹杂物对钢的危害.     

出钢过程钢水净化工艺优化研究

介绍了转炉在出钢过程强化钢水净化的工艺,实验结果表明:该工艺能在较短时间内降低钢水及熔渣氧化性,利用出钢过程良好的动力学条件进行脱硫,从而提高了LF精炼炉的精炼效果,显著提高了钢水纯净度.通过对工艺的优化和完善,可使部分钢种不经LF炉处理也能满足品种钢性能的要求,进而缓解LF炉作业压力,减少了LF增碳增硅的几率,提高了低碳低硅钢的成分命中率.     

转炉炼钢脱硫试验与脱硫反应理论分析

在90 t顶底复吹转炉上进行了12炉次炼钢过程的脱硫试验,并分别在每炉开吹后的5、10、15 min(出钢前)测量其炉温,且取钢和渣样,测量其钢、渣的组成.结果表明,随着冶炼的开展,钢中硫的含量先升高后降低,渣中硫的含量则逐渐升高;炉渣的脱硫能力随炉渣氧化性的增大而减小,随着炉温的升高逐渐增大,随着炉渣碱度的升高,则先增加后减小.生产现场工业试验结果与转炉渣-钢脱硫反应理论分析结果相一致.     

低碳含铝钢LF炉精炼工艺及精炼渣的优化

针对低碳含铝钢转炉生产的粗钢水[O]含量高和钢水[C]低的特点,提出了采用CaO-Al2O3的LF炉精炼渣系.为兼顾脱硫和吸收同化夹杂的需求,可选取(质量分数)CaO=55%～60%,SiO2=4%-7%,Al2O3=28%～32%,MgO=4%～8%,CaO/Al2O3=1.7～1.9作为LF炉精炼终渣组成.出钢过程中采用渣洗工艺向钢包内加入大部分精炼渣、出钢末期对转炉下渣还原处理的造渣模式,结合足够的软吹Ar时间,对16MnR进行精炼,得到了脱硫率为61.8%,铸坯T[O]为22×10-6,铸坯中大型夹杂总量为15.68mg/10kg钢的良好冶金效果.     

BOF-LF-CSP与BOF-渣洗-CSP工艺生产Q235B钢中夹杂物对比分析

采用金相显微镜对BOF-LF-CSP与BOF-渣洗-CSP工艺所生产Q235B钢中非金属夹杂物数量和组成进行对比分析。结果表明,两工艺过程中各粒径颗粒夹杂物在总体上均减少,且粒径越小,其趋势越加明显;两工艺夹杂物总去除量分别为73.5%和72.3%,其中大部分夹杂物在转炉终点至LF前阶段被去除。BOF-渣洗-CSP工艺中夹杂物以Al2O3、FeS·MnS、CaO为主。两工艺过程中夹杂物演变规律相似,出钢渣洗效果明显,由此表明BOF-渣洗-CSP工艺生产可行。     

Al-Ca质钢包渣改质剂应用试验研究

采用铝造渣球和新型Al-Ca质改质剂,在某钢厂180 t转炉出钢时,对转炉出钢带入钢包的下渣进行了改质处理试验.针对铝镇静钢与沸腾钢两种出钢方式,分别研究了两种改质剂对转炉渣改质的影响及对钢液的作用.试验结果表明:每炉加入200 kg Al-Ca质改质剂的效果与加入400 kg铝造渣球的改质效果相当;应用两种改质剂均未见有明显增碳;在达到同样改质效果时,应用Al-Ca质改质剂既便于精炼处理,又具有非常明显的成本优势.     

冶金工业废渣所配制LF炉精炼渣的脱硫试验研究

以3种冶金工业废渣为主要原料配制LF炉精炼渣,并在某钢铁厂LF炉精炼生产中进行脱硫试验,分析新配制的LF炉精炼渣在冶炼过程中的脱硫效果及其影响因素。结果表明,与原用渣相比,新配制的精炼渣在出钢过程中的平均脱硫率明显提高,其中配加铝渣后的精炼渣脱硫效果最优,出钢过程的平均脱硫率可达57.6%,平均冶炼时间缩短20.7 min;铝渣中的铝能还原渣中的FeO,降低渣的氧化性;当精炼渣的碱度(R)为2.3、渣指数(MI)值在0.28~0.5范围内以及渣中w(FeO)0.65%时,可使渣钢间硫的分配系数LS100,从而取得良好的脱硫效果。     

管线钢LF脱氧脱硫热力学及实验分析

通过对LF冶炼高级别管线钢的脱氧热力学分析和脱硫影响的研究,确定了合理的脱氧剂量.为对比改进效果进行了工业实验,同时分析了渣中各氧化物和造渣工艺对脱硫效率的影响,给出了首钢迁钢要达到高脱硫效率所需的最佳渣系和各指标值,并指出进站20min内是脱硫最关键的时段.改进后的工艺可以使LF冶炼周期缩短约8min.     

提高高铝钢可浇性工艺技术研究

为了提高高铝钢可浇性,在转炉出钢及LF精炼过程对钢包渣进行改质处理,连铸采用专用高铝钢保护渣,中间包采用塞棒吹氩+密封圈等水口防堵工艺。工艺试验结果表明,夹杂物组成可控制在12CaO·7Al2O3、3CaO·Al2O3低熔点组成区域,浇铸时长为4.5~6h时,液面状况正常,无结团,渣条较少且无硬渣条,铸坯表面质量优良,连续浇铸炉数不低于6炉。     

新型精炼合成渣的高效脱硫研究

本文开发了一种预熔型精炼合成渣,具有高碱度低熔点的特性,实验室条件下,平均脱硫率为84.5%.在工业实验中,根据钢种出钢要求,设计了分钢种的加料方案.实验结果表明,本精炼渣可以达到100%出钢化渣率,精炼时间缩短了11min.与原工业渣系相比,使用本精炼渣后,VD前钢中氧和氮含量分别降低了7×10-6和12×10-6,VD后钢中氧和氮含量分别降低了5×10-6和15×10-6.脱硫率也得到了大幅提高,从电炉出钢至VD后吊包的脱硫率为92%,最低硫含量达到30×10-6.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.