华中八腱索线虫新种记述（线虫纲：索科）

报道了采于湖北枣阳，武汉及湖南长沙等地稻田的八腱索属线虫一新种，命名为华中八腱索线虫（Ｏｃｔｏｍｙｏｍｅｒｍｉｓｈｕａｚｈｏｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ）描述了形态特征，测量值及鉴别特征。     

烟草根结线虫衰退土中捕食线虫真菌的生物多样性：群 …

对烟草根结线虫衰退土中捕食线虫真菌的种类组成,垂直分布,物种相对多主分布格局等基本特征进行了调查分析,结果表明,分布于衰退土中的捕食线虫真菌种类共有７个属。３０个种,不同的衰退土样地,多捕食线虫真菌种类是相同的,且各有一定的富集种组成,捕食线虫真菌在土壤中的垂直分布随土层的加深而减少,捕食线虫真菌菌种类基本上服从对数正态分布模型,多数富集种呈随机分分布。     

线虫学专论和展望2：第四届国际线虫学大会论文汇编

2002年6月在西班牙的特内里费岛（Tenerife）举行了规模最大的“第四届国际线虫学大会”，有500多位代表参加。此次会议分为23个分会场，与会特邀代表交流了近年在线虫学研究的进展，特别是在植物线虫致病性基因、线虫寄主信号识别的分子机制、巴氏杆菌的人工培养、线虫的分子诊断等方面取得突出进展，本书是这次会议的论文集。内容涵盖线虫流行和检疫、利用线虫多样性作为指示生物、利用抗性和育种防治植物线虫病害、集约化和精准农业中的线虫治理方法、有机改良剂和线虫生防因子的市场开发等所有线虫学方面的研究进展，具有很高的科学价值和参考价值。     

松材线虫与拟松材线虫RAPD检测技术

采用RAPD技术对松材线虫和拟松材线虫进行了检测研究,从140个随机引物中筛选出引物OPK09与引物组合OPC18 OPN18。引物OPK09对12个松材线虫株系扩增出一条约2400bp左右的特异片段,引物组合OPC18 OPN18对10个拟松材线虫株系扩增出一条970bp左右的特异片段。实验表明,引物OPK09与引物组合OPC18 OPN18具有特异性强、灵敏度高的优点。用这两组引物可以快速、准确鉴定松材线虫和拟松材线虫。     

线虫与线形动物

正人们在与动物接触的漫长历史中积累了丰富的知识,对它们的认识也在不断深入。目前,生物学家对线虫和线形动物已经有了比较明确的认识。它们之间究竟有怎样的关系,又该如何区分?线虫线虫动物门是动物界最大的门之一,有人预言线虫的种数超过百万,甚至可能超过节肢动物门,因而可能是动物界中种数最多的门,当然这还只是预测。目前已知的线虫动物近3万种,还有大量     

中国鱼类杆咽属线虫一新种：旋尾目：杆咽科

报道寄生在花ＧｕＨｅｍｉｂａｒｂｕｓｍａｃｕｌａｔｕｓＢｌｅｅｋｅｒ肠道中的杆咽线虫一新种，即Ｇｕ杆咽线，新种Ｒｈａｄｂｏｃｈｏｎａｈｅｍｉｂａｒｂｉｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。标本采自四川省马边县。模式标本保存于宁夏回族自治区水产研究所。     

应用PCR-RFLP技术鉴别松材线虫与拟松材线虫

应用PCR—RFLP技术分析松材线虫与拟松材线虫之间的差异。实验扩增出松材线虫rDNA—ITS区片段长度约为890bp，拟松材线虫rDNA—ITS区片段长度约为930bp。用5种限制性内切酶对两种线虫的ITS区扩增产物进行酶切，结果表明：（1）DraⅠ酶切松材线虫群体均产生两个长度约510bp和380bp的片段，而拟松材线虫均不能被DraⅠ酶切；（2）所有的松材线虫群体与拟松材线虫群体的ITS区扩增产物均不能被ApaⅠ酶切；（3）用MspⅠ酶切松材线虫群体，除GZ02不能够被酶切外，其余样本能够产生两条长度分别为530bp和360bp的谱带。拟松材线虫群体，都能产生3条一致的亮带，长度分别为340bp、290bp、180bp；（4）所有松材线虫样本均不能被SalⅠ酶切，而拟松材线虫群体均能够被酶切为两个720bp和220bp的片段；（5）XhoⅠ酶切松材线虫ITS区为两条大小分别为520bp和370bp的谱带。而拟松材线虫产生两条大小分别为530bp和400bp的谱带。因此，内切酶DraⅠ、SalⅠ可以用于检测松材线虫与拟松材线虫。MspⅠ、ApaⅠ、XhoⅠ不宜用于鉴别松材线虫与拟松材线虫。     

利用食线虫真菌防治植物寄生线虫的研究进展

植物寄生线虫每年给农业、林业造成的损失十分巨大,食线虫真菌是植物寄生线虫生物防治中极其有用的生物资源.综述在利用这类真菌研发线虫生防菌剂中涉及的应用基础研究进展,包括食线虫真菌资源,食线虫真菌侵染线虫的分子机制,生物防治现状,杀线虫毒素概况,以及线虫生防中需要解决的生态学问题.     

南方根结线虫和爪哇根结线虫的发育

为了比较根结线虫的发育,纯种的南方根结线虫（Ｍｅｌｏｉｄｏｇｙｎｅ ｉｎｃｏｇｎｉｔａ）和爪哇根结线虫（Ｍ．ｊａｖａｎｉｃａ）用接种一解剖等方法进行研究。结果其新鲜卵块中的卵多集中在第２～６天的时间段内孵出,滞育率均低于１．０％,分别有６．８％和１０．６％在孵化过程中死亡。２８℃时其胚胎发育时间分别为８．５～９．５ｄ（９．２ｄ）和９．０～１０．０ｄ（９．６ｄ）。初侵入根内的根结线虫幼虫有重新侵入的     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.