Fe63.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶和纳米晶合金的巨磁阻抗效应

研究了退火处理引起结构上的变化对Fe63.5Cr10Cu1Nb13.5B9非晶合金磁阻抗效应的影响,实验结果的分析表明,在测量的频段（0．2－10MHz)内巨磁阻抗效应可归因于偏置场引起的环向磁化率的改变,良好的软磁性是获得大的磁阻抗效应的重要条件。     

纵向驱动巨磁阻抗效应的相位特性

作者测定了９８ＭＰａ应力退火生成的Ｆｅ７３Ｃｕ１Ｎｂ１．５Ｖ２Ｓｉ１３．５Ｂ９纳米微晶带纵向驱动微磁阻抗的相频曲线和不同频率的相位随外磁场变化的规律。从相频曲线的峰位可确定样品的特征频率。从不同频率驱动场下磁阻抗的相位随外磁场变化的规律，说明了纵向驱动巨磁阻抗效应在小于特征频率时是磁电感效应，大于特征频率时是磁阻抗效应，且在高频时主要是与畴壁移动磁化的阻尼而引起的磁损耗密切有关。     

非晶Co基软磁合金巨磁阻抗效应研究

巨磁阻抗可应用于微型高灵敏度磁传感器．我们研究了三种非晶合金薄带的巨磁阻抗效应．实验表明,在一定频率范围内提高测试频率,磁阻抗效应有明显提高;适当温度的退火也有助于磁阻抗效应的提高．其中成分为Ｃｏ７０Ｆｅ４．５Ｎｉ４Ｎｂ１Ｓｉ１２．５Ｂ８的非晶合金带的效应最显著,制备态非晶样品在频率为 ５ＭＨｚ下达 １２０％左右,经过退火处理的非晶样品在 ５ＭＨｚ下的效应可达４００％左右。     

加磁场制备FeCuNbSiB软磁合金薄膜的畴结构和巨磁阻抗效应

本文研究了用射频溅射法制备的Fe73．5CulNb3Si13．5B9薄膜的巨磁阻抗效应,并对其磁畴结构进行了分析．探讨在制备过程中加一纵向或横向稳恒磁场对薄膜各向异性场的影响．在制备过程中加磁场使得材料的软磁性能得到明显改善,矫顽力从400Am^（-1）降为60Am^（-1）,磁阻抗效应有较大提高．加横向磁场制备的Fe73．5CulNb3Si13．5B9薄膜的畴结构,不是严格的沿着样品的长方向,而是略向宽方向倾斜．经300℃退火后的FeCuNbSiB薄膜具有最大的磁阻抗效应,其纵向磁阻抗比为38％,横向磁阻抗比为27％,巨磁阻抗效应的磁场灵敏度分别为47．5％／kAm^（-1）和11．3％／kAm^（-1）．     

基于磁场传感器的层状磁电复合振子磁阻抗效应

运用磁电耦合理论及等效电路法对磁致伸缩/压电三层和五层磁电复合振子的磁阻抗效应进行了理论和实验研究.理论研究表明,由磁致伸缩导致的压电振子内应力的改变,引起磁电复合振子的磁阻抗效应.实验结果显示,无论是在磁电复合振子的谐振还是反谐振频率,五层磁电复合振子的磁阻抗明显大于三层复合振子的磁阻抗.利用等效电路分析了该实验结果,并运用复合材料磁电耦合的乘积效应解释了磁阻抗产生的原因.测试结果显示,在谐振和反谐振频率下,五层串联复合振子的磁阻抗ΔZ/Z最大值分别为46.9%和60%,而三层复合振子的磁阻抗ΔZ/Z最大值分别为13%和30.2%.由实验结果计算得出三层和五层磁电复合振子的磁分辨率分别可达2.2×10-10 T·μΩ-1和2.5×10-11 T·μΩ-1.研究结果为磁电复合振子在磁异常探测传感器中的应用提供了实验及理论基础,并有助于优化以层状磁电复合振子为核心的磁场传感器的结构.     

真空退火对Co_(81.5)Fe_(4.5)Mo_2B_(12)玻璃包裹丝巨磁阻抗效应的影响

采用高频感应加热熔融快淬法制备了Co_(81.5)Fe_(4.5)Mo_2B_(12)玻璃包裹丝,研究了真空条件下退火对细丝巨磁阻抗效应及非对称性的影响.结果显示,随着退火温度的升高,玻璃包裹丝的巨磁阻抗效应先增大后减小.退火温度为250℃时,巨磁阻抗效应最明显;退火后样品的磁阻抗曲线对称性大都有所改善;退火温度为330℃时,磁阻抗曲线对称性遭到破坏,可能是磁各向异性降低所引起的.     

Ni80F20复合结构多层膜的巨磁阻抗效应研究

用磁控溅射法在载玻片上制备了(Ni80Fe20/SiO2)n/Cu/(SiO2/Ni80Fe20)n复合结构多层膜,并对其巨磁阻抗效应进行了研究.研究结果表明,采用多组双层结构(n＞1)后,样品的巨磁阻抗效应明显增大;当n=3时,观测到最大的纵向巨磁阻抗(LMI)效应为10.81%,最大的横向巨磁阻抗(TMI)效应为17.08%.当n=4,5时,巨磁阻抗效应比n=3时略有减小.由XRD谱和磁滞回线等,研究了双层结构(Ni80Fe20/SiO2)循环次数n引起的样品材料晶体结构和磁性能等变化,以及对样品巨磁阻抗效应的影响.     

纵向驱动巨磁阻抗效应的解释

测定了Fe73 Cu1 Nb1 .5V2 Si1 3 .5B9纳米微晶带纵向驱动磁阻抗的相频曲线和不同频率的相位随外磁场变化的曲线 .从相频曲线的峰位可确定出样品趋肤效应的临界频率 .从临界频率随外磁场的变化 ,解释了纵向驱动巨磁阻抗效应与趋肤效应的关系 .从不同频率驱动场下磁阻抗的相位随外磁场变化的规律得出 ,低频纵向驱动巨磁阻抗效应是磁电感效应 ,与磁损耗相应的 μ″随外磁场的变化是引起高频纵向驱动巨磁阻抗效应的重要原因 .     

纳米晶软磁材料的磁性与巨磁阻抗效应

介绍了国内外纳米晶软磁FINEMET合金的制备方法、软磁特性、巨磁阻抗效应和物理机制,尤其对巨磁阻抗效应的研究、应用及展望作了较详细的评述．     

复合玻璃包裹纳米晶细丝的巨磁阻抗效应

采用磁控溅射法在铁基纳米晶玻璃包裹丝外沉积铜层,研究了细丝在驱动电流流过不同层的巨磁阻抗效应．结果表明,沉积铜层后会使细丝的磁阻抗比最大值向低频段移动,并且发现当电流同时流入铜层和铁磁层时,在1MHz时就有明显的磁阻抗效应．这与导电层和铁磁层之间存在电磁相互作用有关．     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Editorial note for the special topic on ＂Nanopore Analysis＂

The concept of nanopore analysis, using the pore-forming protein a-hemolysin to detect individual nucleic acids at a single-molecule level, was first proposed in 1996. Over the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made in the nanopore field, and nanopore analysis has become a label-free and high-throughput method for probing bio- molecules and other analytes with single-molecule sensi- tivity, especially holds the promising for ＂third generation＂ DNA sequencing. However, challenges still remain in the experimental strategies and the design of whole nanopore-based instruments. Here, we proudly present a special topic dedicated to the topic of ＂Nanopore Analysis＂, with 8 reviews/articles providing up to date coverage of the experimental strategies, theoretical calcu- lations and simulations, and instrument design. Reviews and articles on the experimental strategies cover control of DNA partitioning into a nanopore, detection of target DNA, and the advantages of nanopore-based DNA sequencing. The theoretical calculations and simulations discuss the translocation behavior of DNA, and an inte- grated measurement system and data analysis software are presented for instrument design.     

Effects of climate change on biodiversity

1 Rise of studies on climate change＇s effects on biodiversity
Until the 1980s, climate change and biodiversity were studied as two independent disciplines for more than a century. In 1992, the Ecological Society of America＇s annual report named climate change, biodiversity, and the sustainable ecological system as the three major global environmental issues of the twenty-first century [1].     

Discussing the Expansive Learning in Modern Organizations

<正>1 Introduction Endeavours on learning methods have long occupied the mind spaces of scholars and there have been theories abound on how people learn and in what way organisations can use some of the knowledge gained in the art of learning to maximise human productivity.While the theories by themselves are not solutions to problems,they are steps of inquiry that provide us with interesting perspectives that we can use to extend our knowledge of the dimensions of learning.This paper is an exploratory work on the theories postulated by three notable scholars including Zimmerman