从西方修辞学视角看称赞中的反讽性称赞

从传统称赞语研究中较为冷门的反讽性称赞出发，摆脱将文化差异、性别差异等作为研究称赞语的套路，从西方修辞学角度对称赞语，尤其是反讽性称赞做出新的解读。揭示了称赞语的产生机制即称赞语发出的修辞动机是说服对方并实现自己的修辞目的。阐明了称赞语并不像传统认为的那样内在地包涵着礼貌性，而是超越礼貌或不礼貌，根据一定的修辞情境和修辞目的来调整策略，并试图对受众施加影响的修辞行为。     

大学生恭维语的语用性别差异

恭维语是人们日常生活中普遍使用的语言现象,言语交际中存在着大量的性别差异,恭维语的使用也是如此。采用问卷调查的方式,从语用的角度对大学生恭维语使用的＂使用及接受频率、内容或话题、词汇及人称选择、恭维及回应策略和社会功能＂五个方面进行性别差异研究,让读者对大学生恭维语的语用性别差异有一个较为全面的了解。     

中美元首国事访问演讲中“模棱语”修饰称赞语的比较研究

"模棱语"作为一种语言修饰工具,可以在削弱人类语言中的判断、陈述甚至疑问语气的力度方面发挥作用。已有的研究多集中阐述"模棱语"在学术类文章中所起的语用功能。此研究选取中美元首国事互访时所做的演讲稿作为语料来源,并对演讲中"模棱语"修饰称赞语的使用状况做了数据统计和分析,发现美国元首在称赞语的使用频次上高于中国元首,但在"模棱语"修饰称赞语的使用频率上两国元首却没有显著差别。这表明文化差异虽然导致了两国元首对称赞语使用的不同取舍,但这并不影响国家元首在正式外交场合上话语表达礼仪的对等原则。     

称赞语回应模式及其制约因素研究

对称赞的应答基本上有其特定的模式,由于社会因素和个人因素的影响,人们运用语言的不一致性,对称赞语的应答也会有所不同。不同的语言文化习俗、话题及交际双方的社会地位、关系、年龄等诸因素对称赞回应模式构成必然的影响。     

称赞语回应模式及其制约因素研究

对称赞的应答基本上有其特定的模式，由于社会因素和个人因素的影响，人们运用语言的不一致性，对称赞语的应答也会有所不同。不同的语言文化习俗、话题及交际双方的社会地位、关系、年龄等诸因素对称赞回应模式构成必然的影响。     

传统图书馆与虚拟图书馆功能比较

虚拟图书馆的出现突破了传统图书馆受固定场所和空间约束的缺点，信息存储量极大，传递速度极快，且不受时空约束，但是它不能代替传统图书馆，实际上，虚拟图书馆与传统图书馆在功能上是互相依赖的，互补的，应加强两者的融合。     

The success of the prediction of Haicheng earthquake and the negligence of the Tangshan earthquake

The success of the prediction of Haicheng earthquake and the failure of the prediction of Tangshan earthquake were both well known in the world. What happened, why such a strong earthquake as occurred in Haicheng had been predicted successfully and with a small loss of lives and property？ Why a successively strong earthquake about a year later in a region not so further was failure in the imminent stage of prediction and there were so many fatalities and a great degree of property？ The author addresses these points based on these true experiences including the first hand experiences leading up to, during, and following these two earthquarter. In addition, he also introduced some seimic phenomena which he had seen after Chi-chi earthquake in Taiwan.     

Multi-criteria assessment of offshore wind turbine support structures based on dynamic property optimization

Increasing size of wind turbine and deep water deployment have raised the issue of appropriate selection of the most suitable support structure to make offshore wind energy cost competitive.The paper presents an optimization methodology for decision making process of bottom mounted supports of offshore wind turbines （OWTs） through reasonable engineering attributes derivation.Mathematic models of support structures are reduced by the generalized single-degree-of-freedom theory with relatively fewer structural parameters.Soft-stiff design optimization based on dynamic properties of OWTs is performed for monopile and lattice supports with different wind turbines,water depth and hub height.Attributes of support structures,wind turbines and environment conditions are applied in the multi-criteria decision making method——TOPSIS for benchmarking of those options.The results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimazation methodology combined with economical and environmental attributes together.     

Study on the resistance spot welding technology of 22MnMoB hot stamping quenched steel

In this paper, the spot welding technology of a new kind of 22MnMoB hot stamping quenched steel sheet was systematically studied by power frequency spot welder. Through a series of technology and test experiments, we have obtained the optimal spot welding technological parameter condition. According to the results, the relations among spot welding technological parameter, welding nugget, mechanical property and fracture mode were discussed. The effects of all the welding parameters such as welding current, welding time and electrode force on the quality of joint can be boiled down to one thing--the diameter of welding nugget. The experimental results showed that welding nugget diameter determines the mechanical property of spot welding joint and the relation between welding nugget diameter and the mechanical property of joint presents a kind of linear mathematic representation. There are two typical fracture models of 22MnMoB hot stamping quenched steel sheet, i.e., interracial fracture and nugget pullout. Other than mild steel or normal high strength steel, in the shearing tensile test, hot stamping quenched steel has a great tendency to fail in interfacial mode due to the effects of high strength matrix structure, welding soft zone and the porosity level of fusion zone.     

The Further Results of the Chromatic Uniqueness of Certain Bipartite Graphs K （m,n）- A

With its comprehensive application in network information engineering （e. g. dynamic spectrum allocation under different distance constraints ） and in network combination optimization （e. g. safe storage of deleterious materials）, the graphs＇ cloring theory and chromatic uniqueness theory have been the forward position of graph theory research. The later concerns the equivalent classification of graphs with their color polynomials and the determination of uniqueness of some equivalent classification under isomorphism. In this paper, by introducing the concept of chromatic normality and comparing the number of partitions of two chromatically equivalent graphs, a general numerical condition guarenteeing that bipartite graphs K （ m, n） - A （A belong to E（K （m, n） ） and ｜ A ｜≥ 2） is chromatically unique was obtained and a lot of chromatic uniqueness graphs of bipartite graphs K（m, n） - A were determined. The results obtained in this paper were general. And the results cover and extend the majority of the relevant results obtained within the world.     

World English and the Future of English Language Teaching in China

The development and wide spread of English language has led to the internationalization and localization of English language, during which English language is widely used in international communications by people with different mother tongues, in addition, English variations on different levels and local varieties have emerged. In consideration to the changes above, this paper aims to, firstly, examine the status of English language as an international language （EIL）; secondly, explore the future of English language teaching （ELT） in China under a global context.     

三种食用菌营养成分分析（简报）

竹荪（Dictyophora indusiata）、金针菇（Flammulina velutipe Singer）、猴头菇（Hericium erinaceus）属于担子菌亚门（Basidiomycotina），为食用真菌。竹荪又名竹笙、竹参，属鬼笔科，是一种珍贵的食用真菌，被国际社会公认为是“十分良好的蛋白质来源食品”，享有“现代保健食品”、“人类植物性食品的顶峰”等美誉。     

Role of Ferrel cell in daily variability of Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode

The Northern Hemisphere Annular Mode(NAM) represents the zonally symmetric planetary-scale atmospheric mass fluctuations between middle and high latitudes, whose variations have shown a large impact on other components of the climate system. Previous studies have indicated that the NAM is correlated with the Ferrel cell in their monthly or longer timescale variability.However, there have been few studies investigating their connections at daily timescale, though daily variability of NAM has been suggested to be an important component and has significant implication for weather forecast. The results from this study demonstrate that variability of the Ferrel cell leads that of the NAM by about 1–2 days. This statistically identified temporal phase difference between NAM and Ferrel cell variability can be elucidated by meridional mass redistribution. Intensified(weakened)Ferrel cell causes anomalously smaller(larger) poleward mass transport from the middle to the high latitudes,resulting in an increase(a decrease) in mass in the middle latitudes and a decrease(an increase) in the high latitudes.As a consequence, anomalously higher(lower) poleward pressure gradient forms and the NAM subsequently shifts to a positive(negative) phase at a time lag of 1–2 days. The findings here would augment the existing knowledge for better understanding the connection between the Ferrel Cell and the NAM, and may provide skillful information for improving NAM as well as daily scale weather prediction.     

Challenges and Innovations in the Sutong Bridge Foundation Project

This article introduces three outstanding innovations, i.e. utilization of the steel casing for the piles to estab- lish a construction platform for Sutong Bridge＇ s large and deep-pile groups; 5000 ton steel cofferdam lowered as a whole and used as a protective structure against impact from ship collision; Permanent scour protection. This article also pres- ents economical and reasonable design method for large bridge foundation and explains the significance of innovation and technical integration to large and complicated project construction based on the above theory.     

Development and application research of light weight heat treated B-grade bulletproof steel

The light weight heat treated B-grade bulletproof steel was developed through composition design and optimization based on multiplex alloying, multiplex micro-alloying design ideas and complex phase structure strengthening theory. The puzzle how to avoid the quenching deformation problem of super high strength thin sheet was solved through heat treatment in a die with a set of cooling system. Such B-grade bulletproof steel plate has fine tempered lath martensite structure. The shooting and certification test results showed that the shoot resistance of B- grade bulletproof steel plate can meet the protection demand of Protection specification for cash carrying vehicles （GA 164--2005）. In comparison with B-grade bulletproof steel plate made by one of the companies in Sweden, the weight of the developed B-grade bulletproof steel plate can be decreased by 8 % under the same shoot resistance condition. It will be meaningful for cash truck and anti-hijacking vehicle to realize light weight, energy conservation and emission reduction.     

Air cushion furnace technology for heat treatment of high quality aluminum alloy auto body sheet

The process characteristics of heat treatment of aluminum alloy auto body sheet and the working principle of air cushion furnace were introduced. The process position and irreplaceable role of air cushion furnace in the aluminum alloy auto body sheet production was pointed out after the difficulty and key points in the whole production process of auto body sheet were studied. Then the development process of air cushion furnace line of aluminum alloy sheet was reviewed, summarized and divided to two stages. Based on the research of air cushion furnace, the key technology of it was analyzed, then the key points on process, equipment and control models of air cushion furnace for aluminum alloy auto body sheet in future were put forward. With the rapid development of automotive industry, there will be certainly a new upsurge of research and application of air cushion furnace for heat treatment of aluminum alloy auto body sheet.     

A 65-nm 1-Gb NOR floating-gate flash memory with less than 50-ns access time

This paper presents a 65-nm 1-Gb NOR-type floating-gate flash memory, in which the cell device and chip circuit are developed and optimized. In order to solve the speed problem of giga-level NOR flash in the deep submicron process, the models of long bit-line and word-line are first given, by which the capacitive and resistive loads could be estimated. Based on that, the read path and key modules are optimized to enhance the chip access property and reliability. With the measurement results, the flash memory cell presents good endurance and retention properties, and the macro is operated with 1-las/byte program speed and less than 50-ns read time under 3.3 V supply.     

Blasting technologies of vibration damping in subway tunnel passing under upper buildings closely

Reducing the blasting vibration is important for blasting excavation in subway tunnel construction. Taking the 3rd bid section of Line 3 of Qingdao subway project as an example, the distance between tunnel vault and ground is 5 - 8 m. In order to insure the safety of the upper buildings, technologies of parallel cut with large diameter empty hole, one-time initiation and delay by parts, and multiple shallow holes were adop- ted in the project. The results showed that the maximum value of vertical vibration was limited in the criterion allowance, and the upper buildings were not damaged. Besides, problems were solved that the number of nonel detonator was difficult to meet the requirements of excavating a large cross-section tunnel by blasting, multiple cross-section could＇ t be initiated simultaneously, and construction efficiency was low, which ensure the con- struction safety and schedule.     

Crystal structures,antibacterial activity and thermal decomposition kinetics of lanthanide complexes with 4-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid and 1,10-phenanthroline

A series of lanthanide complexes [Ln(4-Cl-2-MOBA)3phen]2(Ln=Sm(1), Nd(2), Ho(3), Eu(4), Dy(5), and Tb(6); 4-Cl-2-MOBA=4-chloro-2-methoxybenzoate, phen=1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized and characterized. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction demonstrates that 1–3 are isomorphous, which present dimeric structures with four 4-Cl-2-MOBA anions function as bridging ligands. Complexes 1 and 4–6 display their characteristic luminescence emission bands of central Ln3?ions. The heat capacities, the thermodynamic functions and the thermogravimetry–Fourier transform infrared spectra of gaseous products of complexes 1–6 were investigated.Their non-isothermal kinetics of the second decomposition stage was studied by the integral isoconversional non-linear method and Stark method. Furthermore, 1–6 exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Candida albicans,Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureu.