胰升血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂高通量筛选细胞模型研究

为建立GLP-1受体激动剂的高通量筛选方法,将GLP-1受体质粒和报告基因质粒(3×CRE/3×MRE/SRE-LUC/pGL3)按照1∶5的比例共转染到CHO细胞中,建立GLP-1受体激动剂筛选细胞株。利用GLP-1内源激动剂探索和优化每孔细胞接种密度、荧光素酶表达时间、Bright-GloTM试剂用量、DMSO浓度等筛选条件,建立可靠的筛选方法。当细胞数目为4×104个/孔,激动剂孵育时间为8 h,Bright-GloTM试剂4倍稀释,每孔DMSO终质量分数小于1%时,系统Z′-因子为0.75。利用此模型对中药提取物库进行检测,发现有5个样品显示出活性。结果表明,该模型能够用于GLP-1受体激动剂的高通量筛选。     

MC1R天然拮抗剂的高通量初步筛选

为了寻找高效稳定的黑色素皮质激素受体1(melanocortin 1 receptor, MC1R)的拮抗剂,利用作者前期工作中建立的高通量筛选方法对 1 000种中草药提取物进行了筛选,并检测了这些提取物对小鼠B16-F1细胞系黑色素生成量的影响.结果表明,补骨脂等10种粗提物具有拮抗促黑激素（MSH）激活MC1R的作用.其中,补骨脂、破茎松萝、桑根和太白树粗提物能明显降低B16-F1细胞的产黑色素能力,但其机制有所不同,补骨脂主要作用于MSH对C1R的激活过程,而其余3种提取物基本上直接作用于cAMP通路.本实验为利用上述中草药调控皮肤细胞中的黑色素生成提供了初步线索.     

胰高血糖素免疫敏感膜的制备及SPR检测

制备胰高血糖素免疫敏感膜并建立一种快速、简便测定胰高血糖素含量的方法，利用化学自组装技术将胰高血糖素的抗体组装到ＳＰＲ基片上，首先通过已知浓度的胰高血糖素进行ＳＰＲ检测，确定了其结合常数，并以此对未知浓度的胰高血糖素进行了测定，样品无需纯化和标记。     

人胰高血糖素样肽-1串联体的克隆及其表达

为大量获取人胰高血糖素样肽-1，利用基因串联的方法构建了人胰高血糖素样肽-1的一组串联体.将化学合成的人胰高血糖素样肽-1（human glucagon like peptide-1, hGLP-1）cDNA基因插入质粒载体pET-32a(⁺)中，构建成硫氧还蛋白（thioredoxin）及六聚组氨酸（hexahistidine）与rhGLP-1的融合表达载体pET32-GLP-1.在此基础上将该融合基因序列进行同向串联，获得二串和三串的表达载体pET32-GLP-1-2 和pET32-GLP-1-3.将该三种表达载体转化大肠杆菌BLR(DE3)后获得相应的基因工程菌.结果表明：三种基因工程菌经发酵和IPTG诱导后均正确表达目的蛋白，目的蛋白表达量随着基因串数的增加而得到一定提高，重组蛋白经分离纯化后进行生物学活性测试具有明显的降低血糖浓度作用.     

胰高血糖素样肽1受体N端片段与exendin-4的亲和位点分析

通过易错PCR(epPCR)方法建立了一个鼠肺的胰高血糖素样肽1受体(GLP-1R)N端片段的噬菌体随机突变展示肽库.根据筛选出的突变体来分析突变后胰高血糖素样肽1受体N端片段(nGLP-1R)与exendin-4结合活性.实验结果显示:保守的半胱氨酸C26发生突变后并未引起nGLP-1R与其配体exendin-4结合能力的改变,第101位和108位氨基酸是nGLP-1R与exendin-4结合的潜在位点.     

胰高血糖素测定方法的新探讨

本文论述了作者经以Ｖｉｓｔａｒ大白鼠肝切片匀装为材料，用邻甲苯胺（Ｏ—ＴＢ测糖法测定胰高血糖素（Ｇｌ．）与其促使肝糖原分解生成的葡萄糖量（Ｇ．）之间的关系，总结并建立了一种简易、快速测定胰高血糖素的方法．     

胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂功能性报告基因分析系统的构建

用大鼠胰高血糖素样肽-1受体(GLP-1R)基因转染带有增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)报告基因的CH0细胞,成功地构建了基于G蛋白偶联受体信号传导途径的CHO/EGFP/GLP-1R检测细胞系.该细胞系能功能性表达GLP-1R并且能通过cAMP偶联的EGFP报告基因的表达评价GLP-1R激动剂的活性.利用该细胞系本文进一步对5种GLP-1与金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A(SPA)不同形式连接的融合蛋白进行了体外活性评价.结果表明,5种融合蛋白的活性均低于天然的GLP-1,将GLP-1融合在SPA的N端与C端融合相比,能显著的提高其生物活性.在融合蛋白之问加入不同长度的重复序列(GGGGS),有助于提高其活性,但间隔序列的长短对活性没有显著的影响.以上结果表明,利用CHO/EGFP/GLP-1R细胞系,能够对GLP-1及其类似物的体外活性进行定性和定量的分析,为筛选和开发长效GLP-1类似物奠定了方法学基础.     

放线菌生物活性物质的高通量筛选

 放线菌是产生生物活性物质最多的一类微生物.最近3年,我室从云南省采集土样,分离到3000多株放线菌、真菌,选择其中2600株,进行发酵,制备成提取物,利用自建的抗氧化、抑制乙酰胆碱酶、抑制一氧化氮合成酶、AGE等模型和高通量筛选系统进行了筛选,筛选到一些值得进一步研究的菌株.对高通量筛选的有关问题及初步筛选结果进行了讨论.     

筛选p53靶向药物的细胞模型的构建

为了筛选可以恢复肿瘤细胞中p53功能的小分子,作者用表达野生型p53的人类直肠癌细胞HCT116建立了一株能够应答激活p53信号通路的荧光素酶报告基因的稳定细胞系,同时用表达野生型p53的人类骨肉瘤细胞U2-OS建立了一株能够应答激活p53信号通路的mCherry红色荧光蛋白报告基因的稳定细胞系.为了检测筛选p53靶向药物的有效性,利用三种已知的以p53为靶点的小分子药物(cisplatin,doxorubicin以及Nutlin-3)处理这两种稳定细胞系,结果显示p53信号通路在这两个稳定细胞系中均能够被激活.为了探索小分子RNA作为恢复p53功能的靶标药物,并进一步验证这两种细胞模型用于药物筛选的可行性,分别检测了MDM2和MDMX的5个不同shRNA.通过比较HCT116稳定细胞的荧光素酶活性和U2-OS稳定细胞中荧光蛋白的荧光强度,我们筛选出了有效沉默MDM2或MDMX的shRNA.数据表明,这两种细胞模型不仅可用作筛选激活p53的小分子化合物的平台,而且可用于筛选激活p53信号通路的小分子RNA.     

受强力霉素调控的真核表达系统RAW264.7Tet-lon细胞株的建立

目的:利用Tet-lon诱导表达调控系统构建可以用强力霉素调控表达的RAW264.7 Tet-lon细胞株,探讨目的基因NF-kB的作用.方法:将调控质粒pCDNA6/TR转染RAW264.7细胞,经潮霉素筛选得到稳定单克隆.单克隆扩大培养后,转染pCDNA4/TO/lacZ质粒,再经过强力霉素诱导表达,检测β-半乳糖...     

A system for screening agonists targeting β2-adrenoceptor from Chinese medicinal herbs

In order to develop a model for screening the agonists of human β₂-adrenoceptor from Chinese medicinal herbs extracts, we used a cell-based functional assay based on a common G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) regulation mechanism and destabilized enhanced green fluorescent protein (d₂EGFP) reporter gene technique. The positive cell clone was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and imaging analysis. To assess the value of this model, we screened over 2000 high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fractionated samples from the ethanol extracts of Chinese medicinal herbs. Six fractions (isolated from Panax japonicus, Veratrum nigrum, Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, Chaenomeles speciosa, and Dictamnus dasycarpus) showed significant effects on active reporter gene expression, three of which (isolated from Phellodendron amurense, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, and Chaenomeles speciosa) were selected for further concentration response analysis and the half maximal effective concentration (EC_{1/2 max}) values were 4.2, 2.7, and 4.8 µg/ml, respectively. Therefore, this reporter gene assay was suitable for screening β₂-adrenoceptor agonists. The results suggest that the six herbal extracts are the possible agonists of β₂-adrenoceptor.     

增强型绿色荧光蛋白基因真核表达载体的构建

构建增强型绿色荧光蛋白(enhanced green fluorescent protein,EGFP)基因的真核表达载体pCDNA3．1( )-EGFP,转染至培养的Hela细胞中成功表达,并发出绿色荧光,证明EGFP一种良好的报告基因和筛选标记．     

In vitro assay for human thyroid hormone receptor β agonist and antagonist effects of individual polychlorinated naphthalenes and Halowax mixtures

Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are dioxin-like environmental contaminants. There is growing concern over the endocrine-disrupting effects of PCNs, but very few studies have investigated the effect of PCNs on the thyroid system. This study used a yeast two-hybrid assay, which included the recombinant human thyroid receptor(TR)-β and reporter genes, to characterize the TRβ-disrupting effects of five individual PCN congeners, five PCN Halowax mixtures, and naphthalene. Their agonist and antagonist effects...     

建立一个基于报告基因的靶标筛药系统筛选上调ABCA1基因转录的中药提取物

ATP结合盒转运蛋白A1(ABCA1)具有催化外周细胞过量胆固醇和磷脂外向流出的功能。本实验将ABCA1启动子序列克隆到含有荧光素酶报告基因和新霉素抗性基因的pGL3B-neo载体中,并将得到的重组质粒pGL3B-neo/ABCA1转染入人肝癌细胞(hepG2)。通过稀释培养法最终得到含有重组质粒的稳定细胞系SABCA1。利用这个报告基因为基础的药物筛选系统,筛选了100多种中药提取物。通过荧光素酶活性测试,相对活性达到180%以上的有4种中药提取物,并最终挑选能明显激活ABCA1基因启动子的鬼箭羽水提组分进一步研究,得出半数有效浓度(EC50)为48.06 mg/L。此外,利用基于apoA1基因的药物筛选系统验证得出鬼箭羽水提组分也能促进apoA1基因的表达。     

结核分枝杆菌Rv2450基因真核表达质粒的构建及表达

构建结核分枝杆菌Rv2450基因真核表达载体.PCR扩增Rv2450基因,测序正确后克隆入真核表达载体pCDNA3.1（-）,重组质粒酶切鉴定正确后以阳离子聚合物转染P815细胞,分别以RT-PCR方法检测mRNA表达和间接免疫荧光技术检测目的蛋白的表达.结果构建了重组质粒pCDNA-Rv2450,RT-PCR结果证明Rv2450可在P815细胞中转录,用间接免疫荧光检测,表达有Rv2450蛋白的细胞着染.成功构建了结核分枝杆菌Rv2450基因的真核表达载体pCDNA-Rv2450,Rv2450基因可以在P815细胞中表达.     

Identification of a second human retinoic acid receptor

We have previously described a human complementary DNA that encodes a novel protein which is homologous to members of the steroid/thyroid nuclear receptor multigene family. This novel protein (hap for hepatoma) exhibits strong homology with the human retinoic acid receptor (RAR) which has been recently characterized. To test the possibility that the hap protein might also be a retinoid receptor, a chimaeric receptor was created by replacing the putative DNA binding domain of hap with that of the human oestrogen receptor (ER). The resulting hap-ER chimaera was then tested for its ability to trans-activate an oestrogen-responsive reporter gene (vit-tk-CAT) in the presence of possible receptor ligands. Here we show that retinoic acid (RA) at physiological concentrations is effective in inducing the expression of this reporter gene by the hap-ER chimaeric receptor. This demonstrates the existence of two human retinoic acid receptors designated RAR-alpha and RAR-beta.     

日本沼虾基因片段PCR扩增的条件优化

以日本沼虾肌肉组织为材料，提取其基因组DNA，研究了该虾16S rRNA基因片段扩增的PCR反应条件.经对扩增反应体系中各因子和扩增程序的梯度实验，确定优化反应条件为: 在25μL反应体系中，10×Buffer 2.5 μL，DNA模板200～300 ng，4×dNTP 0.2 mmol/L，Mg²⁺1.5 mmol/L，引物0.4μmol/L，Taq DNA聚合酶1 U，95 ℃预变性5 min；接着35个循环包括95 ℃变性1 min，56 ℃复性50 s，72 ℃延伸1 min；最后72 ℃延伸10 min.应用此优化体系扩增日本沼虾18S rRNA，细胞色素氧化酶亚基I (cytochrome oxidase subunit I, COI),NADH脱氢酶亚基V (NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5, ND5)等基因片段均获得了稳定而理想的效果.研究结果为深入探讨日本沼虾种群的遗传和变异,以及开展其种质鉴定和分子标记等研究提供了参考.     

SGK and 14-3-3 protein are involved in the serine/ threonine phosphorylation mechanism for TPO/MPL signal transduction

Thrombopioetin (TPO), the critical regulator of platelet production, acts by binding to its cell surface receptor, c-Mpl. Yeast two-hybrid screening was performed to isolate the proteins interacting with the cytoplasmic domain of c-Mpl. 48 positive clones were isolated from 5 × 10⁶ independent transformants. The results of sequence analysis demonstrate that they represent 13 different protein encoding sequences. Among them there are a partial coding sequence of serine/threonine protein kinase SGK (serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase) and 14-3-3 theta protein partial coding sequence. GST-pull-down assay and co-immunoprecipitation in mammal cells have confirmed the interaction between these two proteins and c-Mpl. By constructing a series of deleted c-Mpl cytoplasmic domain, the interaction region in c-Mpl cytoplasmic tail was localized in amino acids 523–554. At the same time, the directed interaction between SGK and 14-3-3 proteins also has been verified by yeast two-hybrid assay. The present note is the first time to report that two proteins act with c-Mpl at the same time and put forward that SGK and 14-3-3 protein may be involved in the serine/threonine phosphorylation mechanism for signal transduction.     

宝钢码头前沿沙体移动的DEM模拟

利用地理信息系统（GIS）与数字高程模型（DEM）技术定量模拟了1994年~2002年宝钢码头前的沙体冲淤演变过程,结果表明：1994年~1999年,宝钢码头前河床总体表现为冲刷,冲刷量为53.286×106m3,年平均冲刷率为10.657×106m3,1999年~2002年,仍为冲刷,冲刷量为60.277×106m3,年平均冲刷率为20.092×106m3.1994年~2002年8 a共冲刷113.563×106m3;年平均冲刷率为14.195×106m3.淤积区域主要分布在上段沙体的上部及上段沙与新浏河沙体之间的区域.宝钢码头河床的演变是河床的边界条件、来水来沙及人类活动的耦合结果.上段沙体的下移南偏对宝钢码头存在潜在的不利.