利用线性预测残差的语音去噪方法

语音信号中经常混有加性噪声,噪声的存在会使语音处理系统的性能急剧下降,因此语音去噪是语音信号处理中的关键技术之一.提出一种利用线性预测残差去除语音中的加性白噪声的方法,实验结果表明,该方法可以有效地去除语音信号中的加性白噪声,并且保持语音信号较好的清晰度和可懂度.     

一种改进的谱相减语音增强方法

针对一般的谱相减语音增强算法所带来的“音乐”噪声较为严重的问题,提出了一种改进的谱相减语音增强算法——噪声残差消除谱相减法,实验结果表明,噪声残差消除谱相减法明显地削弱了一般谱相减法所带来的“音乐”噪声。对带噪语音质量的增强效果显著。     

基于倒谱处理的先验信噪比估计算法

单通道语音增强中,已有的先验信噪比算法能有效地去除噪声,提升语音增强算法性能;但是由于在噪声功率谱估计不准确,造成噪声功率出现过估和低估的情况,造成了语音失真和保留较多残留噪声。通过倒谱处理能在含噪语音段中抑制语音中的谐频成分和在纯噪声段中避免部分较强的噪声成分误判为语音信号,准确地估计出噪声功率谱,同时语音失真不大。在多种噪声背景下的客观评价指标分析表明,经过倒谱处理后的先验信噪比估计算法能提高先验信噪比算法的估计性能。     

基于尺度噪声能量估计的自适应语音去噪算法

摘要：
针对语音增强技术中的信号去噪问题,提出了一种非线性小波自适应阈值去噪方法.该方法采用一个改进的阈值函数,克服了传统软、硬阈值函数的缺陷;在阈值选取规则中,引入尺度相关去噪法而自适应地选取尺度阈值,利用小波系数在空间尺度的相关性进行尺度噪声能量的估计,根据所得尺度噪声能量来选取对应尺度层中的最佳小波系数并作为该尺度的阈值;同时,应用该方法对不同强度噪声背景下的语音信号进行去噪.结果表明,其具有较好的降噪性能. 关键词：
语音信号; 滤波; 小波变换; 噪声能量; 自适应阈值 中图分类号： TN 912.3
文献标志码： A     

有噪语音的线性预测HMM参数估计方法

本文讨论了混有加性高斯白噪声的语音的线性预测隐Markov模型(HMM)参数估计问题.由Baum等人提出来的重估公式没有考虑噪声的影响,因此,对有噪语音的模型参数估计会产生较大的偏差.本文对该公式提出了一种修正方案,用这种方法估计出的模型参数有效地抑制了噪声的影响,较准确地反映了语音真实时变特征.实验证实了这一结论.     

应用自相关减法改善噪化语音的线性预测编码分析

本文提出了一种新的线性预测编码(LPC)方法。它既可用于纯语音分析,也可用于噪化语音分析。用于噪化语音分析时,首先在无语音帧内估计出噪声样本的自相关系数,然后从噪化语音的自相关系中减去噪声的自相关系数,最后利用估值得到的语音自相关系数求出它的线性预测系数。当输人噪化语音的信噪比为0～10dB时,使用这种方法可以提高信噪比5dB左右。     

基于FSS与PLP的噪声鲁棒语音识别

提出了一种基于分数阶谱相减(FSS)与感知线性预测(PLP)相结合的噪声鲁棒语音识别方法,记为FSS PLPC.该方法首先通过FSS在分数阶Fourier域对带噪语音进行降噪处理,然后计算增强语音的均方误差和Itakura距离并进行比较,以获得FSS的近似最优分数阶阶数.最后对根据此阶数得到的增强语音提取感知线性预测倒谱(PLPC).实验结果表明,FSS PLPC对于数字语音的识别性能优于传统的谱减法(SS PLPC)和感知线性预测倒谱(PLPC)法,并且随着信噪比的降低FSS PLPC表现出较好的噪声鲁棒性.     

基于线性预测的自适应语音增强技术

提出了一种基于线性预测的自适应语音增强方法。该方法利用带噪语音的线性预测作为自适应滤波器的参考输入，使有色噪声的相关性隐含于参考输入之中，从而大大地提高了语音的信噪比。仿真实验证明．被环境噪声污染了的语音信号经自适应系统处理后，其信噪比提高了32．70dB。     

一种改进的语音识别抗噪算法

为了提高在噪声环境下的语音识别性能,提出一种融合信号级和特征参数级抗噪的抗噪算法.该算法首先对带噪语音用最小均方误差估计法进行语音增强,后端对原始的带噪语音运用自相关法,以有效抑制加性和卷积噪声.实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高系统在噪声环境下,特别是低信噪比情况下的识别率.     

基于计算听觉场景分析的语音增强改进算法

针对单通道语音增强问题,基于计算听觉场景分析(CASA)的原理,提出了一种基于CASA计算模型的语音增强改进算法。该算法在特征提取中选择了目标语音有效能量、信道互相关等特征,对语谱能量和互相关特征的阈值选取进行了改进。在5种低信噪比噪声干扰条件下的仿真实验结果证明,该算法输出增强语音的信噪比平均提高了9.32dB,有效地抑制了噪声。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.