灵芝真菌发酵胞外多糖反馈抑制的初步研究

探讨了灵芝胞外多糖自身反馈抑制作用。在摇瓶中考察了灵芝真菌发酵菌丝体生长、胞外多糖(EPS)和胞内多糖(IPS)合成的动态过程。在培养168h时，生物量达到最大值3．18g／L(干重)，培养216h时，胞外多糖达到最高浓度1．24g／L，EPS和生物量的变化趋势大致呈正相关。在摇瓶培养基中添加同源胞外多糖，以浓度梯度实验法考察培养基中的同源胞外多糖浓度对灵芝真菌发酵胞外多糖产量的影响，结果表明：培养基中添加的同源胞外多糖浓度高于0．59g/L时，EPS的产生受到明显抑制，其趋势是随着培养基中同源灵芝胞外多糖浓度的增加，反馈抑制作用逐渐增强，当培养基中添加的同源胞外多糖浓度高于2．34g/L时，菌丝的生长和胞外多糖的产生完全受到抑制。     

环境因子对铜绿微囊藻7820胞外多糖的影响

研究了多种环境因子对铜绿微囊藻7820可溶性胞外多糖(extracellular polysaccharide,EPS)合成的影响.在18 d内,较高浓度的NO3-,较高的pH和光强,均显著提高了EPS的合成,其中,NO3-对EPS的合成影响最大,其最大产率为5.255μg.L-1.d-1.而KH2PO4,CaCl2,MgSO4等大量元素、以及微量元素FeCl3和EDTA对EPS的合成无明显影响;除在实验后期20℃时EPS有较大增加外,温度对其无明显影响.在各种环境因子影响下,EPS产量均随时间延长而增加.此外,NO3-,pH和光强对铜绿微囊藻7820的生长速率和总糖的产生也有影响,在较低的NO3-浓度、适中的pH和光强下,生长速率较高;而较高的NO3-浓度、较低的pH和光强,其生长速率明显较低;略低的NO3-浓度和光强可明显提高其总糖产量,而较高的NO3-浓度和弱的光强则明显降低其总糖产量;pH对总糖的产量影响不大.微囊藻有较高的多糖积累,其EPS和总糖的合成有不同的机制.     

嗜热链球菌产胞外多糖的研究

以嗜热链球菌为材料,MRS培养基为基础培养基,研究了影响嗜热链球菌菌体生物量及胞外多糖生物合成的因素以及多糖提取的工艺条件.采用单因素法分析了碳源、氮源、初始pH值、温度、时间对嗜热链球菌生物量及胞外多糖生物合成的影响,结果表明嗜热链球菌生长的最佳条件为:葡萄糖20 g/L、大豆蛋白胨5 g/L、胰蛋白胨5 g/L、培养液初始pH 6.5、培养温度为37℃、培养时间24 h时,菌体生物量达5.00×1019个/mL;嗜热链球菌产胞外多糖的最佳条件为:葡萄糖20 g/L、大豆蛋白胨5 g/L、胰蛋白胨5 g/L、培养温度为40℃时、培养时间27 h、培养液初始pH 6.5,胞外多糖产量达到为914.33 mg/L,胞外多糖产量相对于茵体的生长在时间上表现出滞后现象.多糖提取工艺的研究结果表明:以4倍体积的sevag液加入多糖溶液脱蛋白,用三倍体积90%的乙醇于4℃时沉淀12 h,多糖的提取效果最好.     

营养胁迫对拟南芥4CL基因表达的影响研究

将拟南芥分别播种在N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Fe和Sucrose营养元素缺乏的培养基上,在长日照(16 h光照/8 h黑暗)22℃条件下培养10 d,不同营养元素缺乏的培养基中的拟南芥幼苗表现出相应的的表型.通过GUS的组织化学染色和采用Q-PCR检测分析4CL1,4CL2,4CL3基因在不同营养元素缺乏植株中的表达差异...     

霍山石斛原球茎液体培养的营养调节

文章考察了培养基、碳源、氮源及激素组合对霍山石斛原球茎液体培养生长和多糖合成的影响。在MS、B5、N6、SH及各自1/2基本培养基中,SH最适原球茎生长,1/2MS最适多糖合成,继代培养30d,原球茎增重3.73倍,多糖质量分数为2.78mg/g。蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖3种碳源中,30g/L蔗糖促进原球茎生长,明显优于其它体积质量的葡萄糖和果糖,提高碳源体积质量抑制原球茎生长促进多糖合成。NH+4与NO-3、NAA与BA或KT的体积质量与比例可以调节悬浮培养中原球茎生长和多糖合成,低体积质量NH+4对生长有利,高体积质量的氮源及ρ(NAA)/ρ(BA)为1∶1时,多糖体积质量较高,原球茎生长和多糖合成呈负相关关系,为优化霍山石斛原球茎液体培养条件提供了依据。     

植物乳杆菌K25发酵产胞外多糖的影响因素及其应用

植物乳杆菌胞外多糖(extracellular polysaccharide,EPS)可赋予发酵乳制品独特的质构和风味,还具有增强免疫力、抗肿瘤和调节肠道菌群平衡等生物活性,在食品和医药领域具有良好的应用前景。但是,植物乳杆菌EPS的产量偏低,而影响其产量的因素具有菌株特异性,有关添加植物乳杆菌EPS对产品稳定性影响的研究也较少。采用单因素实验和响应面法确定了植物乳杆菌K25 产EPS 的优化培养基组成:每升含胰蛋白胨10g、酵母浸粉5g、葡萄糖20g、磷酸氢二钾2.0g、无水乙酸钠5.0g、柠檬酸钠5.0g、硫酸镁0.2g、硫酸锰0.05g 和吐温80 1.0mL。优化的发酵条件:发酵温度30℃、发酵时长24h和培养基初pH值6.5。在此条件下EPS 产量为250.21mg/L。流变学研究表明,该EPS 水溶液的黏度具有随着浓度和剪切速率升高而升高,以及剪切变稠的特性。扫描电镜观察发现,该EPS具有长方形块状微观结构,有利于稳定溶液的质构并保持水分。将该EPS 加入到酸性乳饮料中,进一步验证了其具有良好的保水特性,表明植物乳杆菌K25产生的EPS可以作为一种具有潜在应用价值的新型食品稳定剂。     

11株外生菌根真菌菌株纯培养营养生理特性的研究

从油松2a生幼苗和20a生树木的菌根组织上分离获得11株外生菌根真菌.通过对这些外生菌根真菌在实验室纯培养条件下进行的营养生理代谢特性的研究表明:11株外生菌根真菌适宜的基础液体培养基为麦芽汁培养基和Pachlewski培养基;适宜温度为22.5℃～25℃;适宜pH值为6～7;适宜C源为麦芽汁和葡萄糖;氨态N中的酒石酸铵和磷酸氢二铵及有机态N中的蛋白胨是它们最适宜的N源.     

环境因子对微藻胞外多聚物主要组分的影响

胞外多聚物(extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)对于微藻细胞的生长和用途具有重要的影响.以1株葡萄藻、1株栅藻和2株小球藻为研究对象,考察氮源含量改变时微藻EPS中主要组分多糖和蛋白质的变化情况.选取长势最优的葡萄藻,研究pH值、温度和培养方式对EPS组分的影响.结果表明:缺氮的生长环境会引起EPS中蛋白质含量的减少,最多可减少56.0%;微藻EPS中最多的是胞外多糖,占总EPS组分的58.08%~80.78%,而胞外蛋白质含量则占5.73%~13.45%;相比葡萄藻和栅藻,小球藻胞外存在更多的多糖和蛋白质.对于葡萄藻,pH值为11时EPS中多糖和蛋白质含量(按每克细胞计)与pH值为7时相比分别增加0.135和0.018g;降低温度使EPS多糖含量从0.014g急剧增加到0.600g;异养培养时EPS中多糖含量更高而自养培养时蛋白质含量更高.     

镉离子对红树林底栖硅藻新月筒柱藻胞外多糖的影响

重金属镉在沉积物中普遍存在,易对底栖硅藻造成慢性毒害.研究了不同浓度的镉离子对红树林底栖硅藻新月筒柱藻的细胞生长、蛋白质含量及胞外多糖(extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)的影响.结果表明,与对照组相比,不同浓度的镉离子显著抑制了细胞的生长和蛋白质含量;0.001、0.01和0.1μg/mL实验组均显著抑制了EPS含量(p<0.05),浓度越高,抑制越强.但新月筒柱藻在不同生长阶段分泌附着胞外多糖(attached EPS,AEPS)和胶体胞外多糖(colloidal EPS,CEPS)不一样,在培养的前4d,CEPS含量高于AEPS含量10倍以上,4d后则AEPS含量高于CEPS.与0.001μg/mL的镉离子实验组相比,0.1μg/mL的镉离子促进CEPS的积累,而抑制AEPS的产生,特别是在生长前期.这说明细胞倾向于向培养基中分泌大量的CEPS,而不是在细胞周围形成大量的AEPS来缓解高浓度镉离子的胁迫.研究结果有助于了解镉离子在底栖硅藻集群的时空分布和沉积物的稳定性等方面的作用.     

雷公藤愈伤细胞悬浮培养生产雷公藤甲素的研究

对雷公藤叶愈伤组织进行悬浮培养,研究不同营养条件对雷公藤愈伤细胞生长及其雷公藤甲素质量分数的影响.结果表明：悬浮细胞在White培养基上增殖最快,而在MS培养基上生长最慢;White和MS培养基中悬浮细胞在第6天时雷公藤甲素质量分数最高,分别为7.14 mg/g和4.77 mg/g,而N6培养基中雷公藤甲素最大产量为6...     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.