膜生物反应器中同步硝化反硝化动力学模型

在对硝化基础反应动力学和反硝化基础反应动力学分析的基础上,建立了一体式膜生物反应器中的同步硝化反硝化反应动力学模型。通过一体式膜生物反应器运行的实验数据和模型推导,求得的硝酸盐饱和常数KNO3要远远高于传统单级反硝化过程中的硝酸盐饱和常数,从量化的角度解释了同步硝化反硝化现象。     

同步硝化反硝化脱氮模型及动力学分析

采用SBR处理模拟低碳污水,考察了同步硝化反硝化(SND)过程中氮的变化规律,在此基础上结合硝化、反硝化动力学和物料平衡原理,建立了SND过程的动力学模型.结果表明,SND过程中的硝酸盐饱和常数KD高于常规单级反硝化过程的常数.由动力学分析可知,反硝化过程是SND过程的控制步骤,保持较高的硝酸盐浓度或梯度有利于稳定的SND过程.     

高浓度含氮废水亚硝化SBR工艺的动力学模型

针对高浓度含氮废水亚硝化SBR工艺,进行了动力学模型研究,建立了NH4 -N浓度变化模型、NO2--N浓度变化模型和NO3--N浓度变化模型.通过试验对动力学模型进行了预测与评价,结果表明:以动力学方程式(尤其是NH4 -N浓度变化的模型、NO2--N浓度变化的模型)计算的理论值与实测值结果基本吻合,对高浓度氨氮废水亚硝化SBR工艺的设计和运行具有一定的指导意义.     

硝基苯传统硝化工艺和绝热硝化工艺的比较

硝基苯的硝化工艺主要有传统硝化工艺和绝热硝化工艺。介绍了这两种工艺方法的各自特点 ,对其进行了工艺比较 ,通过对比 ,可看出绝热硝化法无论是从装置投资上 ,还是从操作费用方而 ,都具有传统硝化法所无法比拟的优点     

同步硝化反硝化研究进展

同步硝化反硝化工艺同传统的生物脱氮工艺相比,可以节省碳源,减少曝气量,降低设备运行费用等优点,具有很大的发展前途。文章结合国内外研究,从微环境理论、微生物学理论和中间产物理论方面对同步硝化反硝化的产生机理进行了综述,并分析了同步硝化反硝化的实现条件和影响因素。     

SBR法硝化与反硝化动力学分析

应用ＳＢＲ法对毛皮废水进行了处理。讨论了ＳＢＲ法硝化与反硝化的规律，并且对硝化和反硝化阶段进行了动力学分析，确定了反应级数，并求得反应速率。     

污水处理同步硝化反硝化研究

近年来各种新型、改良型的高效废水处理技术应运而生,其中的膜生物反应器（Membrane Bioreactor,简称MBR）组合工艺在废水处理中的应用格外引人注目。由于该工艺具有出水水质好、设备占地面积小、活性污泥浓度高、剩余污泥产量低和便于自动控制等优点,其应用前景巨大,同时该工艺中同步硝化反硝化起到决定性作用,本文通过小试方法模拟MBR工艺系统,对同步硝化反硝化过程进行研究,为同步硝化反硝化的工程应用提供理论参考。     

同步硝化与反硝化研究进展

同步硝化与反硝化工艺同传统的生物脱氮工艺相比,可以节约氧和碳源的耗量,大大降低设备运行费用,具有很大的发展前途.结合国内外研究,主要从生物学、生物化学和微环境理论的角度对这一技术进行了综述,对一些同步硝化反硝化新工艺进行了介绍.     

短程硝化与同时硝化反硝化耦合工艺的研究

在常温、低氨氮浓度下,通过控制DOC质量浓度在0.5～1.2 mg/L,在SBR反应器中成功实现短程硝化与同时硝化反硝化工艺的耦合;亚硝酸累积率达到78.5%,总氮损失率达到28.1%;研究了有机负荷和pH对耦合工艺的影响,结果表明,有机物负荷增加有利于提高耦合工艺总氮的去除率,负荷从0.11上升到0.47时,TN的去除率从18.0%上升至41.9%;本实验条件下耦合工艺最佳pH在7.6左右.     

在硝酸-硫酸-废酸条件下合成硝基氯苯的反应动力学研究

通过对硝基氯苯动力学的研究，为根据市场变化适时调节邻位、对位硝基氯苯的生产提供理论依据。氯苯硝化反应为液液相反应，在硝酸-硫酸-废酸体系中，研究了氯苯硝化反应的反应过程，根据反应传质情况推导了氯苯硝化反应的动力学模型，并通过实验测得了氯苯在上述体系中硝化反应的宏观动力学方程。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.