N2O4—O3硝化取代芳烃时取代基上的P轨道的邻拉协助作用

对N2O4－O3硝化取代芳烃进行广泛的研究，发现其产物的异构体分布与传统的混酸硝化产物的异构体分布有很大差别，并对造成这种差别的原因进行了分析。分析表明，取代基上的P轨道的邻位协助作用是主要因素，电子密度分布计算及试验结果支持这种解释。     

N2O4-O3硝化取代芳烃时取代基上的P轨道的邻位协助作用

对N2 O4 O3 硝化取代芳烃进行广泛的研究 ,发现其产物的异构体分布与传统的混酸硝化产物的异构体分布有很大差别 ,并对造成这种差别的原因进行了分析。分析表明 ,取代基上的P轨道的邻位协助作用是主要因素 ,电子密度分布计算及试验结果支持这种解释     

N2O4—O3硝化芳烃机理研究

实验证明,臭氧化四氧化二氮硝化芳烃的反应能力与芳烃电离势很有关系,该反应的ρ^＋（－6．8）和产品异构体分布与传统硝化方法所得的结果很相似。通过比较和实验,该反应过程为一电子转移形成电子转移络合物过程。该电子转移络合物最后分解为基芳烃化合物。     

废水脱氮过程中N_2O的控逸理论及研究进展

N2O是大气中重要的温室气体之一,大量研究表明,污水生物处理的硝化反硝化过程是N2O的重要强源之一.通过对硝化反硝化全过程的机理分析,探讨了N2O的逸出机理.同时阐述了外界因素对N2O逸出量的影响规律.据此优化实际运行中的污水生物脱氮工艺,以达到有效控制N2O逸出的目的.     

相转移催化合成6-4-(取代苯基)哒嗪酮类化合物

6－4－（取代苯基）哒嗪酮类化合物具有较强的抑制血小板聚集作用。该文以乙酰苯胺为原料，经傅－克反应、水解反应及水合环合反应、溴化反应、N－烷基化反应等一系列反应合成了6－[4-[4-(取代苯乙酮基）哌嗪基]苯基]－4，5－二氢－3（2H）哒嗪酮类化合物，在N－烷基化中采用相转移催化，使收率大幅提高，并通过元素分析，^HNMR确证结构。     

好氧反硝化菌的脱氮性能及N_2O逸出量研究

采用SBR反应器,以硝酸钾为氮源驯化活性污泥,筛选分离出两株好氧反硝化菌X1和X2进行生理特性、脱氮性能及N2O逸出量的研究.结果表明:两菌株均能在完全好氧的条件下(DO2mg/L),利用KNO3进行反硝化,总无机氮去除率分别为72.1%和78.9%;以KNO2为氮源时,菌株X1的总无机氮去除率仅为16%,而菌株X2的总无机氮去除率则达到73%;好氧反硝化过程中菌株X1的N2O逸出量高于菌株X2,这与硝酸盐的积累相关;碳源种类对菌株N2O逸出量有较大影响,琥珀酸钠做碳源时N2O逸出量最高.     

同步硝化反硝化脱氮及处理过程加N2O的控制研究

由于水体富营养化和温室气体控制的需要,使得具有高效率脱氮,同时N2O逸出最少化的水处理技术的研究开发变得十分迫切。8本文报道了采用新型同步硝化反硝化工艺（SND）的研究成果,与传统顺序式硝化反硝化（SQND）技术相比,SND工艺的脱氮与SQND的效率相近,可随溶解氧浓度降低而提高,但N2O逸出量显著降低,且碳氮比的提高可进一步减少N2O的排放。     

同步硝化反硝化脱氮及处理过程中N2O的控制研究

由于水体富营养化和温室气体控制的需要 ,使得具有高效率脱氮 ,同时N2 O逸出最少化的水处理技术的研究开发变得十分迫切 .本文报道了采用新型同步硝化反硝化工艺 (SND)的研究成果 .与传统顺序式硝化反硝化 (SQND)技术相比 ,SND工艺的脱氮与SQND的效率相近 ,可随溶解氧浓度降低而提高 ,但N2 O逸出量显著降低 ,且碳氮比的提高可进一步减少N2 O的排放     

5取代苯亚甲基乙内酰脲的紫外光谱及其取代基效应

在KF－Al2O3负载型固体碱催化下，乙内酰脲和芳香醛发生缩合反应，中等产率（50．2％－65．5％）地合成了5－取代苯亚甲基乙内酰脲，测定了6个产物在16种溶剂中的紫外光谱，其最大吸收频率与Hammett取代基常数之间存在良好的线性关系。     

污水处理中微生物反硝化脱氮过程及代谢规律

微生物同化、异化反硝化均依赖碳源,且同化C/N为23远高于异化C/N。污水系统中反硝化菌多为兼性厌氧菌,其反硝化效果受DO、碳源种类、温度等因素影响较大。DO与NO3--N为竞争关系,DO存在会抑制反硝化,但高DO有利于反硝化菌的生长。不同碳源反硝化所需C/N不同,污水为碳源时所需的C/N约为4.0-5.0,污泥内源呼吸时反硝化C/N最低为2.9-3.2,但其反硝化速率仅为利用VFA时的1/10。常见VFA如甲醇、乙酸等C/N为3.1-4.1。反硝化过程中还应注意温室气体N2O逸出等问题,偏酸性及较高DO会导致反硝化过程N2O积累与逸出。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.