重要参数对齿轮副承载情况影响规律研究

建立了某轿车变速器一挡传动齿轮副啮合状态有限元分析模型,基于显式动力学理论,对最大转矩工况下该传动副的瞬态啮合过程进行了动力学仿真计算,得到了轮齿齿面与齿根危险区域的主应力、等效应力的幅值与瞬态变化过程等结果.在此基础上,研究了发动机输出转矩、齿轮轴刚度、安装误差以及齿根过渡圆角等参数变化对该一挡传动齿轮副轮齿承载状况的影响权重与规律,为以改善强度及可靠性为目标的结构方案修改及工艺参数确定提供了重要参考.     

基于瞬态修正的车辆燃油消耗模型建模

针对稳态油耗特性的稳态模型使得车辆工作在瞬态条件时的油耗估计与实际燃油消耗偏差较大的问题.在稳态油耗模型的基础上引入瞬态修正模块,建立了一种新的瞬态油耗模型BIT-TFCM.利用真实油耗数据对BIT-TFCM做了验证.结果表明,引入瞬态修正模块后,BIT-TFCM的平均预测误差比没有瞬态修正的稳态模型低了约11.44%~19.28%.此外,与经典的VT-Micro模型相比,BIT-TFCM预测更接近实测值.      

涡轮增压汽油机废气旁通阀瞬态控制研究

在不同瞬态工况下使用不同的废气旁通阀PID目标控制策略,建立涡轮增压汽油机瞬态计算模型.对发动机定转矩加减速工况下的瞬态响应进行模拟计算,并与原机响应特性做对比分析.结果表明,在定转矩加速工况下,以适当增大的各固定转速下增压压力作为瞬态控制目标值,可以显著改善发动机的瞬态响应.在发动机定转矩减速工况下,采用前期适当延长废气旁通阀全开的时间,待转速下降到1.25倍目标转速后,控制目标切换到增压压力的控制策略能够缩短发动机的响应时间.与此同时,采用废气旁通阀瞬态控制方法,不仅能够提升涡轮增压汽油机瞬态响应性能,而且可以防止瞬态工况下增压器超速和喘振.     

基于工况车辆燃油消耗的直观统计分析

针对传统汽车油耗高而难以有效分析其燃油消耗的详细特征,采用基于循环工况的发动机工作时间与燃油消耗率统计方法,分析了传统汽车发动机燃油消耗的详细三维分布特征.应用上述方法针对某传统客车在不同城市工况下进行仿真,统计其转速、转矩及其燃油消耗率时间历程,分析结果表明:发动机绝大多数工作点均落入低转速及低负荷区,并在这些工作区域内消耗太多的燃油.进一步指明了发动机节能设计的方向——发动机MAP的高效区域应向与实际工况相匹配的低速低负荷区移动以及通过混合动力技术减小发动机装机容量等措施,可为企业的产品更新和节能化设计提供实际指导.     

基于神经网络的发动机模型辨识

为进一步研究发动机的稳态、空载、动态转矩、燃油消耗模型和万有特性,笔者提出了一种基于神经网络的神经元结构模型和多层前馈网络结构模型并分别进行了数学分析.实践研究表明：在发动机的工作过程中,动态工况占66%～80%,并发现发动机的动力性和经济性指标与稳态工况存在着一定的差异.     

基于转速控制的柴油机动态特性建模与仿真

为了仿真柴油机动态特性,建立了基于转速控制的柴油机模型.基于台架稳态试验数据计算得到柴油机扭矩MAP图,并通过动态修正方法获得柴油机动态扭矩;划分了柴油机运行状态,采用基于油量的控制方法,分别设计了全负荷、部分负荷和限速工况下的控制策略;在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立了柴油机仿真模型,集成传动相关总成建立整车动力学模型,并进行了两种工况仿真,仿真与试验结果表明：模型设计合理,有效模拟了柴油机稳态及瞬态工况;所提出的建模方法解决了在有限试验数据下的发动机动态特性建模问题,研究结果可为快速建立柴油机动态性能预测模型提供参考.     

废气再循环瞬态修正控制策略对重型柴油机排放性能的影响

针对重型柴油机瞬态工况(特指恒定转速、转矩瞬增工况)空气系统响应迟滞造成的排放恶化问题,设计了废气再循环(EGR)瞬态修正控制策略,从EGR阀预控制和瞬态需求空气量两方面进行EGR瞬态修正:当判定发动机处于瞬态工况时,将EGR阀预控制开度设定为0,加快EGR阀关闭速度;依据瞬态程度修正需求空气量,使实际进气量更早满足需求空气量,实现EGR阀适时开启。试验结果表明:经过EGR瞬态修正,改善了瞬态工况排放恶化、发动机动力性响应不及时等问题;在WHTC(world harmonized transient cycle)瞬态循环中加入EGR瞬态修正后,氮氧化物(NO_x)排放降低了4.7%,碳烟排放降低了46.4%,碳氢化合物和一氧化碳排放分别降低了8.5%和30.3%,但二氧化碳排放增加了0.3%,油耗增大了0.6%。EGR瞬态修正控制策略虽然牺牲了0.6%的油耗,但是显著改善了NO_x、碳烟、碳氢化合物和一氧化碳等有害气体的排放,因此可为重型柴油发动机排放性能的改善提供借鉴。     

双离合自动变速器产热与传热仿真建模及试验验证

为了预测双离合自动变速器在工作过程中各热源的产热量及元件的温度状况,基于热网络理论建立了变速器轴承受力计算、内部热源产热量计算及传热计算耦合仿真模型,并对变速器在稳态与瞬态工况下的产热与传热进行了仿真计算与试验验证。结果表明,在稳态工况下,变速器的总产热量仿真值与试验测试结果吻合较好,瞬态工况下的变化趋势与试验测试结果一致;各测试点温度在稳态与瞬态工况下的仿真值与试验测试结果均吻合较好,模型具有较高的计算精度。     

超临界二氧化碳核能系统负荷运行策略研究

为了确保超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环直接冷却核能系统在变负荷工况下的安全经济运行，利用稳态和瞬态回热器换热实验验证了自主研发的瞬态分析程序SCTRAN/CO₂在预测布雷顿循环动态特性方面的可行性，并以该程序作为分析工具，开展了超临界二氧化碳再压缩布雷顿循环核能系统分别在反应堆反应性扰动和二次侧冷却水流量扰动两种典型瞬态工况下的开环动态特性研究，开发了主压缩机入口温度恒定、堆芯出口温度恒定及改变循环工质装量的负荷运行策略，研究了系统在100%～50%～100%变负荷工况下的瞬态响应。结果表明，装量控制策略能实现以额定满功率5%/min的速率追踪负荷，并保证系统安全经济运行。此过程中，堆芯压力波动0.6 MPa,堆芯出口温度波动不超过5℃。研究获得的瞬态分析工具、开环特性和控制策略为此核能系统的负荷运行策略研究提供了参考。     

基于文丘里管测量的EGR闭环控制试验研究

EGR技术是满足国六排放的关键技术之一,通过控制EGR率实现控制NOx排放,新鲜进气量和废气量精确测量是柴油机EGR闭环控制的前提。采用文丘里管测量EGR质量流量进行闭环控制研究,分别在发动机台架和整车PEMS进行稳态和瞬态工况验证。结果表明:文丘里管布置在EGR阀下游(EGR阀前置),在稳态工况下,测量偏差在1%以内;在瞬态工况下,大部分工况的偏差都在3%以内,能够满足国六整车匹配适应性和排放一致性控制要求。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.