基于工况车辆燃油消耗的直观统计分析

针对传统汽车油耗高而难以有效分析其燃油消耗的详细特征,采用基于循环工况的发动机工作时间与燃油消耗率统计方法,分析了传统汽车发动机燃油消耗的详细三维分布特征.应用上述方法针对某传统客车在不同城市工况下进行仿真,统计其转速、转矩及其燃油消耗率时间历程,分析结果表明:发动机绝大多数工作点均落入低转速及低负荷区,并在这些工作区域内消耗太多的燃油.进一步指明了发动机节能设计的方向——发动机MAP的高效区域应向与实际工况相匹配的低速低负荷区移动以及通过混合动力技术减小发动机装机容量等措施,可为企业的产品更新和节能化设计提供实际指导.

Direct Statistical Analyses of Vehicle's Fuel Consumption Based on Driving Cycles

Aiming at solving the difficulty of effectively analyzing the fuel consumption characteristics of conventional vehicles, this paper statistically analyzed the engine operating time and the fuel consumption rate of several typical driving cycles, and used three dimensional distribution visual analysis to identify the detailed engine fuel consumption characteristics. A transit bus was simulated under several city cycles with the statistics of the engine speed, torque and time history of fuel rate. Results have shown that the vast majority of the engine operating points fall into the low speed and low load zone, where the engine consumes a significant amount of fuel. Furthermore, the results have also indicated that the direction of engine energy saving, i.e. high efficiency region of the engine performance MAP should be shifted to the low speed and low load zone where the vehicle operates most of the time. Also, the engine should be downsized with hybrid technology. This work has great practical value in guiding enterprises in product development and energy saving designs.