静电纺氧化铝纳米纤维研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以聚乙烯醇、硝酸铝、水为原料配制出了硝酸铝/聚乙烯醇溶胶-凝胶纺丝液,并通过静电纺丝技术纺制了Al(NO3)3/PVA有机-无机杂化纤维,经高温锻烧后得到了平均直径约为50～250nm无机纳米氧化铝纤维。     

水分散体系溶胶--凝胶法制备莫来石凝胶纤维的研究

以异丙醇铝、硝酸铝为铝源，正硅酸乙酯为硅源，采用水溶性体系溶胶-凝胶法合成了可纺莫来石溶胶，并在实验室制备了莫来石凝胶纤维；系统研究了原料配比、催化剂、纺丝助剂等因素对可纺性的影响，初步探讨了反应机理。     

铝溶胶改性杨木纤维性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法以铝的无机盐为原料制备溶胶,通过真空加压法将溶胶引入杨木纤维细胞壁内,分析改性后杨木纤维的性能。结果表明,铝溶胶处理木纤维的质量增加率受其含水率的影响,木纤维含水率越高,木纤维／氧化铝纳米复合材料的质量增加率越低。在溶胶处理木纤维过程中采用超声波处理,超声波时间越长,木纤维／氧化铝纳米复合材料的质量增加率越高。红外分析表明,在处理后木纤维的内部已经形成O—Al—O键,可以推测Al2O3凝胶的存在;扫描电镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDX)可看出,溶胶粒子已经渗入到细胞壁内,并保持了木材多孔结构。以杨木纤维-氧化铝纳米复合材料压制的中密度纤维板尺寸稳定性和阻燃性明显提高。     

溶胶凝胶法制备莫来石纤维及莫来石晶化的动力学研究

以异丙醇铝、硝酸铝和正硅酸乙脂为原料,通过溶胶凝胶法制备了可纺的莫来石前躯体溶胶,异丙醇铝和硝酸铝的最佳摩尔比为4:1.凝胶纤维在1 200℃煅烧1 h,得到了表面光滑、直径均匀的莫来石纤维.采用Kissinger方程和Ligero方程计算,得到莫来石晶化的活化能分别为993.5 kJ/mol和1 014.2 kJ/mol.     

无机莫来石连续纤维材料制备研究进展

 无机莫来石连续纤维具有良好的热稳定性、化学稳定性及高温强度,因而被广泛用作绝热材料、高温结构材料和纤维增强体,是一类具有重要用途的高温陶瓷材料。莫来石连续纤维制备工艺复杂,影响因素众多,制备较为困难。美日企业已经掌握了莫来石连续纤维的制备工艺并开展了商业化生产,而国内仍集中于低附加值莫来石短纤维的生产,尚未开发出莫来石连续纤维商业化产品。本文系统介绍了溶胶-凝胶、静电纺丝、超细微粉挤出、熔融、内结晶等莫来石连续纤维制备方法的优缺点,总结了国内外在这一领域的近期研究进展,重点论述了溶胶-凝胶法干纺方法的优势;介绍了金属无机盐溶胶-凝胶和金属醇盐溶胶-凝胶两种技术路线,对其中涉及到的溶胶结构、稳定性、助剂作用等关键问题进行了探讨,并展望了莫来石连续纤维制备技术的发展方向。     

电纺CoFe2O4纳米纤维及其磁性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶过程和静电纺丝技术,以三氯化铁(FeCl3·6H2O)、醋酸钴(Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为前驱物,制得PVA/FeCl3/Co(CH3COO)2复合纳米纤维.经高温煅烧,制备了CoFe2O4纳米纤维.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热-热重(TG-DTA)和X射线衍射(XRD)等分析测试手段对样品进行了表征,并研究了其磁性质.结果表明:静电纺丝技术制备的CoFe2O4纳米纤维为规则的一维结构,直径分布均匀,具有良好的铁磁性.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备Al2O3超细粉体

以硝酸铝为原料,柠檬酸为络合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Al2O3超细粉体,用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜对粉体的晶体结构、粒径及形貌进行表征.考察了柠檬酸用量以及焙烧温度对A12O3粉体的物相、形貌特征的影响.结果表明:硝酸铝与柠檬酸的摩尔比为1:3,pH值为l时,可制备稳定的溶胶,溶胶经过120℃恒温干燥12 h后得到...     

Bi_2O_3纳米纤维的制备、表征及光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶过程和静电纺丝技术相结合的方法,以聚丙烯腈(PAN)和硝酸铋为前驱物,制备了PAN/Bi(NO3)3复合纤维,该复合纤维经高温煅烧得到了Bi2O3纳米纤维.利用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱、紫外可见漫反射光谱等测试技术对样品的结构与性能进行了表征.结果表明,Bi2O3纳米纤维为规则的一维结构,直径分布均匀,具有较强的紫外光吸收性能.以罗丹明B为模拟污染物,考察了Bi2O3纳米纤维的光催化性能.实验结果表明,煅烧温度为500℃时,光催化活性最佳,TOC去除率为48.7%.     

溶胶凝胶法制备Al_2O_3及NF_3分解反应

以硝酸铝为铝源,加入几种结构导向剂,溶胶凝胶法制备了氧化铝前躯体,焙烧制得了比表面积较大的中孔γ-Al2O3,与NF3反应时表现出了较高的反应活性.其中加入PEG-2000为结构导向剂、溶胶凝胶结合超声处理法制备的γ-Al2O3反应活性较高,NF3全转化时间达540 min.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备二氧化硅陶瓷纤维的研究

以正硅酸乙酯(Si(OC2H5)4,TEOS)为原料,盐酸为催化剂制备二氧化硅(SiO2)溶胶,与二醋酸纤维素(SCA)成纤助剂均匀混合制备纺丝液,干法纺丝制备连续SiO2凝胶纤维,最后在空气中热解得到SiO2纤维.SCA显著提高了纺丝液的稳定性,在室温下保存24 h以上也不发生显著变化,克服了普通溶胶在可纺丝黏度范围内稳定性差、可纺丝时间短的缺点.研究了不同H2O/TEOS比例对可纺性的影响.结果表明,当摩尔比为3/1时,纺丝液具有优良的纺丝性,同时实现溶胶稳定性和陶瓷产率的合理优化.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、力学性能测量对纤维进行了表征.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…