南麂列岛海域硅藻和甲藻群落的分布特征

于2006年4月~2007年3月采集浙江南麂列岛海域水样,研究了硅藻和甲藻群落在该海域的种类组成、生态分布特征和季节动态.共鉴定浮游植物93种,其中硅藻35属68种,甲藻11属21种.南麂海域浮游植物细胞丰度较高,年平均细胞丰度达到3.19105cellsL-1.硅藻集群的高峰区主要集中在夏季和秋季,细胞在表层水体的含量高于底层水体,调查期间共记录硅藻赤潮事件1起,发生于2006年8月,优势种类是中肋骨条藻.甲藻赤潮仅在春季（5月）发生,优势种类为原甲藻种类,包括三角棘原甲藻和东海原甲藻,分别在5月中旬和5月下旬先后引发赤潮,甲藻在表层水体含量高于底层水体.     

三峡水库蓄水后库区浮游植物研究进展

通过分析三峡水库蓄水后库区浮游植物的相关文献,综述了当前库区浮游植物的研究现状,总结了影响浮游植物群落结构变化的环境因素,结果表明：蓄水后三峡库区的藻类种类组成以硅藻和绿藻为主,常见优势种有小环藻、拟多甲藻和美丽星杆藻.藻类细胞密度明显增加,春季和夏季分别成为一年中现存量和多样性最大的季节.拟多甲藻、水华鱼腥藻和微囊藻分别是甲藻和蓝藻水华中常见的优势物种;美丽星杆藻和小环藻、尖尾蓝隐藻和卵形隐藻则是硅藻和隐藻水华中常见的优势物种. 水温、流速、光照、营养盐（如Si、N、P、TN/TP）和水体混合层深度是影响浮游植物群落结构变化的主要环境因子.对主要支流的同步性研究和重点区域的长期定位监测,对水华发生条件,流域内土地利用模式和地形地貌对库区水体富营养化的影响是未来库区浮游植物研究的重点.     

基于HPLC色素分析的钦州湾外湾海域冬季浮游植物群落结构

为了研究钦州湾外湾海域浮游植物群落分布特征，于2021年1月(冬季)在该海域进行综合调查。研究应用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术分析表层水的光合色素组成，进而使用CHEMTAX软件估算浮游植物的群落结构。调查结果表明，调查海域浮游植物的优势类群为硅藻，其后依次为隐藻和青绿藻，它们分别占据了浮游植物总生物量的62.29%、20.25%和9.77%。从粒级结构上看，小型浮游植物(主要为硅藻)的贡献率为39.25%，粒径小于20 μm的浮游植物贡献率为60.75%；硅藻的细胞粒径范围较广，而隐藻、甲藻和蓝藻的细胞粒径多在20 μm以下。在空间分布上，硅藻的生物量由近岸向远岸海域逐渐升高，隐藻和青绿藻的分布则相反；微型和微微型浮游植物在盐度低、营养盐含量较高的近岸区占优势，小型浮游植物的生物量则由近岸向高盐度、低营养盐的远岸海域逐渐增大。浮游植物类群的空间分布特征与核电站温排水、盐度、潮流、营养盐以及贝类养殖等环境因素关系密切。     

香溪河库湾春季水华纵向分布对水层结构的响应

为研究三峡水库支流库湾春季水华暴发空间差异及成因,本研究于2010年4月18日对三峡水库干流和香溪河库湾的水动力、营养盐、浮游植物等因子进行了现场监测.结果显示：三峡水库支流春季水华浮游植物生物量及群落结构空间差异较大,库湾中上游暴发了严重的硅藻水华,而下游及三峡水库干流没有水华;库湾中复杂的分层异重流对水温结构产生显著影响,使其呈独特的垂向分层;水温分层纵向差异导致的光混比（Zeu/Zmix）纵向分布差异是引起水华情势和浮游植物群落结构纵向差异的主要原因.研究结果将为三峡水库支流水华机理和防控措施研究提供支撑.     

2012年秋季渤海和北黄海浮游植物群落

应用Utermhl方法对2012年秋季渤海和北黄海浮游植物的物种组成、细胞丰度和群落结构特征等进行了分析,并应用典范对应分析(CCA)对调查海域浮游植物和环境因子进行了相关性分析.本次调查共鉴定出浮游植物3门38属94种,其中硅藻门29属62种,甲藻门8属31种,金藻门1属1种,物种生态习性以温带种和广布种为主.调查海域浮游植物细胞丰度介于0.30×103~10.48×103 L-1,平均值为2.79×103 L-1,硅藻主要优势物种为具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcata)和圆筛藻(Coscinodiscus sp.);甲藻主要优势种为梭状角藻(Ceratium fusus)和三角角藻(Ceratium tripos).浮游植物群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数介于0.32~2.95,平均值为1.49;Pielou均匀度指数介于0.16~0.89,平均值为0.55.CCA分析结果显示,调查海域优势种主要受磷酸盐限制.与历史资料比较发现,该海域浮游植物群落由早期的硅藻占绝对优势向硅藻甲藻联合占优转变.     

2011年秋季中街山列岛邻近海域浮游植物群落的生态研究

2011年秋季在中街山列岛邻近海域进行了12个站位的大面站调查,对该海域的浮游植物群落进行了分析研究.共鉴定出浮游植物4门49属127种(不包括未定名物种).其中,硅藻38属98种(不包括未定名物种),占所有样品鉴定物种总数77.2％;甲藻7属24种,占所有物种种数的18.9％;金藻3属4种,蓝藻1属1种.硅藻仍为主要优势群落,其次为甲藻.在本次海洋调查得出的优势种中,与以往调查该海域结果相比,新增了颤藻,泰晤士扭鞘藻两优势种.这可能是因该海域近年来环境发生一定的变化.调查海域浮游植物的细胞丰度介于0.373×103～199.325×103 cell/L,平均丰度值为137.458×103 cell/L.调查海域表层细胞丰度呈现在近岸海域数值高,离岸海域数值低的特征.浮游植物群落在垂直方向上的分布特点,大致表现为随海水深度的增加,群落细胞丰度逐渐减小.调查海域表层浮游植物群Shannon-Wiener多样性指数介于2.594～4.028之间,平均值为3.393.其均匀度指数介于0.371～0.576之间,平均值为0.485.该调查海区Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与Pielou均匀度指数出现相似的分布特点.     

中街山列岛海域浮游植物群落结构的周年变化特征

于2010年5月至2011年2月之间,对中街山列岛海域的浮游植物和理化环境因子进行了4个季节的调查,分析了该海域浮游植物的种类组成、丰度、优势种、群落结构的季节变化特征和平面分布特征。并讨论了浮游植物与营养盐、水温等环境因子之间的关系。结果表明,调查海域共鉴定出浮游植物5门55属145种,季节变化为秋季(85种)冬季(71种)=夏季(71种)春季(30种)。中街山列岛浮游植物的丰度范围为0.86×104~64 575.61×104 cells/m~3,平均细胞丰度为7 959.00×104cells/m3,季节变化则呈单一周期型,春夏季高,秋冬季低。浮游植物优势种种类多,不同季节既有交叉又有演替。由春季的夜光藻和具齿原甲藻演替至夏季的尖刺拟菱形藻、秋冬季的琼氏圆筛藻。多样性指数和均匀度的变化范围分别为1.73~3.53和0.44~0.77,群落结构较复杂。从优势种的种类数和多样性指数分析,中街山列岛海域浮游植物群落相对稳定。从总体变化趋势来看,该海域浮游植物细胞丰度与水温、p H和透明度都呈极显著的正相关,但与单一营养盐之间的相关关系并不显著。由无机磷含量变化范围(0.013~0.035 mg/dm~3)来看,该海域无机磷为影响浮游植物繁殖生长的限制因子之一。     

渤海天津海域的网采浮游植物群落结构与赤潮植物的初步研究

2002年5月-2003年9月对渤海天津海域赤潮监控区进行了网采浮游植物的生态学调查，天津海域共发现浮游植物37属68种，其中硅藻为优势类群，共24属51种，占总种数的75．00％；甲藻7属11种；其他6属6种为少量的蓝藻、黄藻和金藻，其生态类型主要为温带近岸型。圆筛藻属的种类是该海域的全年优势类群，在群落总细胞数中的比例平均高达63．41%。浮游植物群落以大型细胞硅藻．甲藻占优群落为主，其平面分布与环境因子密切相关。     

秦皇岛贝类养殖区4种贝类对浮游植物的摄食选择性

为了研究秦皇岛贝类养殖区滤食性贝类饵料来源和摄食选择性特点,于2019年5月对该海域的海水和4种贝类(紫贻贝、海湾扇贝、长牡蛎、栉孔扇贝)进行采样调查。利用显微镜检法和光合色素液相色谱法(HPLC)对海水和贝类胃容物中的浮游植物种群结构进行比较研究。结果显示,水体中浮游植物主要由硅藻、甲藻、隐藻组成,硅藻在丰度上占有绝对优势。光合色素HPLC检出水体中特征色素主要为硅藻、青绿藻和甲藻,而贝类胃容物中主要为甲藻和硅藻,少量青绿藻检出。四种贝类摄食选择性相似且不受水体中优势藻种的影响,主要以甲藻、硅藻中不占优势的藻种为食,对部分占优势藻种表现出避食性(中肋骨条藻和角毛藻),微微型浮游植物(青绿藻)对4种贝类的饵料贡献率较低。     

莱州湾扇贝养殖区环境因子的变化特征及其对浮游植物的影响

为了解莱州湾扇贝养殖区海域水环境因子的变化情况及其对浮游植物群落结构的影响,本研究根据2016年4—11月对莱州湾8个扇贝养殖区的调查资料,对其水环境因子以及影响浮游植物生长的可能限制因子进行了分析和探讨.研究表明,活性磷对浮游植物的影响更加显著,绝大部分养殖区活性磷浓度达不到浮游植物最适浓度需求,无机氮在6—11月个别养殖区达不到浮游植物最适浓度需求.相关分析表明,春季浮游植物生长的主要影响因子是水温,夏季是水温、p H值、硝酸盐和活性磷,秋季是水温以及大部分营养盐.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.