氧化铜对硝酸铵相转变过程和热分解过程的影响

为了研究氧化铜(CuO)及其含量对硝酸铵(AN)相转变过程以及热分解过程的影响,采用TG-DSC-MS联用技术研究了四种不同CuO含量的AN的热性能。TG-DSC结果表明,纯AN的TG热分解曲线仅为一个失重台阶,对应DSC曲线只有一个分解吸热峰。在AN中加入CuO后,ANⅣ→Ⅲ的相转变峰消失,TG曲线出现两个失重台阶,对应DSC曲线中出现一个分解吸热峰和一个分解放热峰,随着CuO含量的增加分解吸热峰逐渐变小,分解放热峰的峰温逐渐降低,当CuO含量为40%时,AN的熔融吸热峰和分解吸热峰消失。MS结果显示,CuO改变了AN的热分解机理,使其在熔融之前分解产生H2O、NH3和N2O。活化能结果显示,CuO的含量对AN放热分解过程的活化能没有影响。     

添加剂对准东煤灰熔融特性影响的研究

以四种典型的准东煤为煤样,利用SiO₂-CaO-Al₂O₃三元系统相图分析了准东煤结渣倾向性的变化,并采用灰熔融温度测试仪研究煤灰化学成分和灰熔融性的关系,寻求提高准东煤灰熔融温度的方法。结果表明,根据三元相图的灰熔融性趋势,添加适量的氧化物添加剂可以提高煤灰的熔融温度,实验中神华煤添加5%的CaO,5% Al₂O₃的可以显著的提高煤灰熔融温度。研究结果为准东煤在实际工业应用提供理论依据。     

熔融共混法尼龙66/CaCO_3复合材料性能研究

通过熔融共混法在双螺杆挤出机上制备了尼龙66/纳米CaCO_3复合材料,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、偏光显微镜(PLM)、热失重(TGA)和差示扫描量热(DSC)的表征方法研究了纳米碳酸钙对尼龙66/纳米CaCO_3复合材料的多晶行为和热性能的影响.结果表明:纳米碳酸钙粒子在尼龙66基体中分散不均,以团聚体的形式存在;纳米碳酸钙具有异相成核作用,能够使球晶的尺寸减小;尼龙66的分解温度为400℃,纳米CaCO_3的添加使分解温度降低.同时,DSC测试表明,材料中的β晶型使材料的熔融温度降低;添加在尼龙66基体中的纳米碳酸钙会导致结晶温度的降低和吸热峰半高宽的增加;冷却速率越大,结晶温度越低,结晶温度范围越宽.     

PET玻璃化转变温度处双重吸热峰的研究

在室温下长时间存放以及再拉伸,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯经示差扫描量热分析(DSC),其热谱在玻璃化转变区域出现单一的或双重的附加吸热峰。单一吸热峰和双峰中前吸热峰与样品热历史有关,反映有序非晶区的存在,双峰中后吸热峰与拉伸历史有关,可能反应介晶结构存在。     

羊乳制品中牛乳源成分的鉴别检测技术

羊乳含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪和矿物质,与其他乳相比营养组成最接近母乳。羊乳中的脂肪球小,乳糖含量低,并含有丰富的腺苷三磷酸促进乳糖的分解,更适于具有乳糖不耐受症的亚洲成年人和婴幼儿饮用。国内外对羊乳及羊乳粉的需求不断增长。然而由于羊乳产量过低,价格高,不法商家在羊乳及羊乳制品中容易掺入一些价格低廉、方便易得的牛乳及牛乳源成分不时有报道。为了保护消费者权益和健康,规范市场,避免进出口贸易损失,鉴定纯正的羊乳及制品,检测其中的掺假牛乳源成分十分迫切。从免疫学法、色谱法、电泳法、基因检测法等方面综述了目前羊乳及羊乳制品中牛乳源成分鉴别和检测技术。     

纳米CaCO3/聚丙烯的结晶熔融多峰行为研究

用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了纳米CaCO3/PP和改性纳米CaCO3/PP的非等温和等温结晶的多熔融行为。结果表明纳米CaCO3明显提高PP的结晶温度,诱导PP形成β晶。反应性单体改性纳米CaCO3/PP的结晶温度进一步提高,但对β晶熔融峰强影响不大。而在引发剂存在下反应性单体改性的纳米CaCO3/PP,促进β晶的熔融峰强明显增强。PP出现双熔融峰与PP形成β晶或者在等温结晶时形成两种不同形态有关。结晶温度提高,双峰移向高温;纳米CaCO3/PP的高温熔融峰高比低温熔融峰的高,但改性纳米CaCO3/PP在较高结晶温度时,高温熔融峰高反而比低温熔融峰的低。延长等温结晶时间对熔融峰温影响不大。     

多元醇PG—AMP二元体系相图的构筑

利用差示扫描量热(DSC)、X射线衍射和变温红外光谱技术对三羟甲基乙烷(PG)和2-氨基-2-甲基-1,3-丙二醇(AMP)构筑了二元体系相图.由PG-AMP二元相图可知,在一定的组成范围内相图中存在2个低共析温度和1个转熔温度,分别为51,62和137 ℃.随着温度的升高,多元醇发生固-固相变,分子间存在的氢键逐渐受到破坏,从而使得-OH伸缩振动的特征吸收波数向高波数发生突跃.变温红外光谱测得的-OH特征吸收峰位移发生突跃的温度区间恰好与体系各自DSC测得的相转变温度相吻合.     

超临界二氧化碳环境下PET聚酯的物理性能分析

 以PET(对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)为对象,研究了超临界二氧化碳状态下体系温度和压力对原料物理性能的影响.通过TA Universal Analysal 2000热分析仪(DSC)表征样品的玻璃化转变温度(t_g),熔点(t_m)和结晶度;通过自动黏度测定仪表征样品的特征黏度();通过红外光谱仪(FT-IR)分析样品结构变化情况.结果表明,在超临界温度为130 ℃、超临界压力为20 MPa时,样品的t_g、t_m、最低,结晶度从原料的28%降到了23%,能使CO₂最大量地分析扩散进入材料中,最适宜溶胀发泡.红外表征结果表明样品分子结构没有变化,说明超临界CO₂没有与PET发生化学反应,物理参数变化由CO₂扩散进入材料分子链中引起的结晶度的变化而产生.     

热致型液晶聚合物的玻璃态结构及形成热力学和动力学

利用热台偏光显微镜、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、广角X-射线衍射(WAXD)等分析测试手段,对聚1,4-苯二氧乙酸-1,8-二氧代辛撑基二苯酚酯的织态结构及相态进行了研究。结果表明,该聚合物在经过一次加热冷却循环后。生成了液晶玻璃态。对相转变的转变熵值的分析表明,上述结论是正确的。并在热力学与动力学共同作用的基础上,讨论了热致型液晶聚合物液晶玻璃态的形成,提出了固化温度大于结晶温度是液晶玻璃态产生的必要条件。     

聚芳醚酮的玻璃化转变和熔融行为

聚芳醚酮(Poly(oxy—1,4—phenylene carbonyl—1,4—phenylene),简称 PEK)是一种含有苯环的耐高温聚合物。本文用 DSC 法研究了 PEK 的玻礅化转变和熔融行为。PEK 是一种半结晶的高聚物。骤冷的 PEK 再升温时,可以看到十分明显的玻璃化转变过程和冷结晶过程,它的玻璃化转变温度 T_g 为158.2℃,T_g 下的热容变化△C_p 为0.244J/g·K,平衡冷结晶温度 T°(?)为179.9℃,平衡熔融温度 T°m(H)为379.0℃,熔融热△H_m(H)为53.5J/g。骤冷 PEK 在不同温度(250～310℃)等温结晶15min 后,其 DSC 曲线上可以看到数个熔融峰。随结晶温度升高,温度较高的主熔融峰温度 T_m(H)略有升高,温度较低的熔融峰温度 T_m(L)大约在结晶温度以上20℃;温度较高的熔融峰面积△H_m(H)不变,温度较低的熔融峰面积△H_m(L)增加,△C_p 下降,T_g 升高。将骤冷的 PEK 从略高于 T_g 的温度(159.0℃)以不同速率降温,再升温时,可以看到 PEK 玻璃化转变的滞后现象。随降温速度下降,滞后现象变得十分明显。滞后峰面积△H_h 与降温速度的对数呈线性关系。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.