苦荞籽粒黄酮的提取纯化及抗氧化活性研究

利用响应面分析法对苦荞籽粒总黄酮提取工艺进行研究。以苦荞粉为原料,通过单因素实验考察液料比、乙醇浓度、提取温度、提取时间4个因素对黄酮提取率的影响,利用Design-Expert 8.0.6软件中的Box-Behnken中心组合设计进行响应面试验,建立二次回归方程,得到苦荞籽粒黄酮的较佳提取工艺为:液料比(mL/g)20∶1,乙醇体积分数75%,提取温度70℃,提取时间4h,此条件下提取率为2.632%。通过测定纯化后苦荞籽粒黄酮对O-₂·的清除率、抗脂质过氧化能力、还原力和DPPH自由基清除率,分析其抗氧化能力,并用抗坏血酸做阳性对照,结果显示苦荞籽粒总黄酮具有还原力。通过SPSS软件分析,得到其抗脂质过氧化能力、清除O-₂·能力和清除DPPH能力的IC₅₀值分别1.115,0.498,2.235μg/mL,表明苦荞籽粒黄酮具有较强的抗氧化活性。     

黄精多糖的提取优化及抗氧化活性研究

通过优化黄精多糖的提取工艺,研究多糖的抗氧化作用。正交试验结果表明:提取时间,提取次数,料液比对黄精多糖的提取均有明显影响,影响的主次顺序为提取时间提取次数料液比。确定最佳的提取黄精多糖的参数为:提取时间1. 5 h,提取次数为4次,料液比为1∶25,在此条件下,得到黄精多糖的提取率可达到(7. 96±0. 12)%。抗氧化试验表明,黄精多糖具有一定的抗氧化活性,并且对自由基的清除率均呈现浓度依赖性,多糖对这几种自由基的清除能力顺序为ABTS+··OH DPPH· O_2~-·。以Vc抗氧化活性研究作为对照,黄精多糖的抗氧化活性均小于Vc。     

鹅毛玉凤花总多糖提取工艺优化及抗氧化活性研究

本研究以药用植物鹅毛玉凤花(Habenaria dentata)的块茎为材料,在单因素试验的基础上,选取提取时间、料液比和提取温度进行响应面试验,优化鹅毛玉凤花总多糖的提取工艺,并通过测定总多糖的DPPH自由基(DPPH·)清除率、羟基自由基(·OH)清除率、超氧阴离子自由基(O₂^-·)清除率和总还原力,探究鹅毛玉凤花的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明,鹅毛玉凤花总多糖的最佳提取条件为提取时间7 h,料液比1∶58.7 (g/mL),提取温度73.49℃,优化验证后的鹅毛玉凤花总多糖得率为9.59%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.13%。抗氧化试验结果表明,鹅毛玉凤花总多糖对DPPH·、·OH、O₂^-·的半抑制浓度(IC₅₀)分别为1.385 mg/mL、0.006 mg/mL和0.020 mg/mL,其总还原力是L-抗坏血酸的2.24%,表明鹅毛玉凤花总多糖具有较好的抗氧化能力。     

低共熔溶剂提取香椿籽总黄酮效率的研究

以一系列多元醇类低共熔溶剂提取香椿籽总黄酮,并以提取率为评价指标,对其提取参数进行优化。利用超声辅助提取法优化提取香椿籽总黄酮。结果表明香椿总黄酮最佳提取工艺条件为摩尔比1∶3,液固比1∶50(mg/mL),含水量30%,时间35 min,且氯化胆碱-1,2-丙二醇低共熔溶剂对香椿籽总黄酮的提取率明显优于传统溶剂(P<0.01)。因此,DES作为香椿籽总黄酮的提取剂优于传统的提取方法,可以为香椿深加工的应用提供新的思路。     

葡萄籽粗多糖的体内外抗氧化作用

为了研究葡萄籽粗多糖(crude polysaccharides from grape seeds,GSCPs)体外抗氧化作用及对秀丽隐杆线虫的体内抗氧化作用,采用水提醇沉法提取GSCPs,检测GSCPs对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基和羟自由基的清除作用及对DNA氧化损伤的抑制作用;建立RAW 264.7巨噬细胞氧化损伤模型,在细胞水平探讨GSCPs的抗氧化能力;同时利用秀丽隐杆线虫研究GSCPs的体内抗氧化功能。体外实验结果表明:GSCPs可有效清除自由基,抑制DNA的氧化损伤,质量浓度为0.4mg/mL的GSCPs对DPPH自由基的清除率达84%,对羟自由基清除率为89%;GSCPs可以下调H₂O₂诱导的RAW 264.7巨噬细胞活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平,正向调节细胞内超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)活性,质量浓度为0.2mg/mL的GSCPs处理组可使细胞内SOD活性从H₂O₂处理组的81.1%升至96.3%,GSH-Px活性从H₂O₂处理组的92.1%升至99.6%。此外,GSCPs可延长秀丽隐杆线虫寿命,提高其对抗急性氧化应激的能力,有效清除秀丽隐杆线虫体内的ROS。质量浓度为0.8mg/mL GSCPs处理组秀丽隐杆线虫的平均寿命较对照组延长27.67%,将急性氧化应激的秀丽隐杆线虫平均存活时间延长33.58%,秀丽隐杆线虫体内ROS生成量较对照组可降低56.33%。因此,葡萄籽粗多糖在体内外均表现出良好的抗氧化性,可用于抗氧化功能产品的开发。     

冬瓜多糖的超声波辅助提取及其抗氧化活性研究

研究冬瓜多糖的超声波辅助提取工艺及体外抗氧化活性。在单因素试验的基础上,探究料液比、提取时间、提取功率对冬瓜多糖提取率的影响,然后以正交试验确定其适宜提取工艺。通过对超声波辅助提取所提得冬瓜多糖的DPPH自由基、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力进行测定,来表征冬瓜多糖的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:超声波提取时间及料液比对冬瓜多糖提取率的影响显著(P<0.05),超声波辅助提取冬瓜多糖适宜工艺条件为,料液比1∶40,超声波提取时间40 min,提取功率380 W,此条件下冬瓜粗多糖得率为13.15%,相比于热水浸提法,得率提高50%以上,提取时间缩短1/2。当冬瓜多糖浓度为5 mg/mL时,其对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除率分别为77.91%、99.64%、74.48%。超声波辅助提取能显著提高冬瓜多糖的提取效率,且冬瓜多糖具有较好的抗氧化活性。     

红参多糖体外抗氧化的研究

目的:研究不同醇沉浓度提取的红参多糖的体外抗氧化能力,并用Vc作为阳性对照。方法:用紫外分光光度法研究红参多糖和Vc清除DPPH自由基和羟自由基的能力来评价其抗氧化活性。结果:80%醇沉的红参多糖对DPPH自由基、羟自由基清除效果最好,IC_(50)分别为0.81,0.44mg/mL;30%醇沉的红参多糖对DPPH自由基也有清除效果,但相对较弱,IC_(50)为12.74mg/mL;50%醇沉的红参多糖对羟自由基的清除效果最差。结论:红参多糖具有较强的抗氧化作用,其中80%醇沉红参多糖抗氧化作用最强。     

蒙药小秦艽花总黄酮超声波提取工艺及其抗氧化研究

采用超声波提取方法,优选小秦艽花总黄酮的最佳提取工艺,并对其抗氧化活性进行研究.通过正交试验考察了提取溶剂、料液比、提取时间3个因素对小秦艽花总黄酮提取率的影响,采用DPPH自由基清除法评价其抗氧化活性.实验结果表明,最佳提取条件为100倍量70%乙醇,提取时间30min,小秦艽花总黄酮显示出较强的清除DPPH自由基能力.     

响应面优化铁观音茶末茶多糖提取及清除自由基作用

为了探究福建安溪铁观音茶末茶多糖的最优提取工艺及其体外清除自由基的作用,考察单因素浸提温度、液料比和浸提时间对茶末茶多糖提取率的影响,采用响应面分析法优化铁观音茶末茶多糖的提取工艺,并测定茶多糖清除·DPPH的能力.结果表明:在液固比80∶1(mL/g),浸提时间130 min,浸提温度90℃的条件下,茶多糖的提取率可达9.95%;体外清除自由基试验表明,铁观音茶末茶多糖具有较强的·DPPH自由基清除能力.     

新疆芍药与窄叶芍药根中多糖含量测定及体外抗氧化活性的研究

为探讨新疆芍药和窄叶芍药根中多糖的含量并评价其多糖体外抗氧化活性。采用水提醇沉法提取多糖,用Sevage法除蛋白、活性碳脱色,并用苯酚-硫酸比色法测定多糖的含量;并采用1,1-二苯基-2-硝基苯肼自由基清除法(DPPH法)和2,2-联氮基-双-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐自由基清除法(ABTS法)对提取的多糖进行体外活性评价。结果显示:纯化后窄叶芍药和新疆芍药的多糖含量达0.82%和0.78%;窄叶芍药和新疆芍药多糖对DPPH自由基的IC50分别为0.07 mg/m L和0.13 mg/m L;而两者对ABTS自由基的IC50分别为0.075 mg/m L和0.096mg/m L。由此可知,本文建立的测定多糖含量的方法简便、准确、重现性好;且窄叶芍药和新疆芍药对清除DPPH与ABTS自由基均具有一定抗氧化活性。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.