载人潜器水动力性能研究

 水动力性能是载人潜器的关键技术指标,特别是在总体设计阶段针对载人潜器进行水动力计算具有重要意义。研究了数值计算的方法,选取长细比为6：1 的椭球体为研究对象,开展了网格划分方式的研究,得出了计算结果,并将计算结果与实验值进行了对比。对比结果表明,该方法具有一定的精度,验证了数值计算方法的可行性。选取几个典型工况,针对轻载作业型载人潜水器水动力进行数值预报,得出了相关的水动力系数,为该载人潜器的总体设计提供了理论依据。     

导管结构改进后导管桨的水动力性能研究

对19A导管桨的试验模型进行改进,在导管内壁后半部分增加突起结构来提高导管桨的推进效率.应用计算流体力学中的SSTk-ω模型对19A导管Ka4-55螺旋桨的水动力性能进行计算,得到了导管桨在各个进速系数下的推力系数、转矩系数和螺旋桨效率以及导管上的推力系数.通过与实验结果进行对比,验证计算方法的可靠性.对导管改进结构参数进行优选,得到设计进速系数下效率较高的导管模型.对比结果显示:改进导管可以提高导管桨效率,设计进速系数J=0.5处,效率能够提高2.62%.通过对比改进前后导管桨压力分布和导管内速度分布,分析了改进导管桨水动力性能提高的机理.     

基于CFD的船舶导管螺旋桨的水动力性能研究

运用计算流体力学软件对黏性流场中导管螺旋桨的水动力性能进行了计算研究,模拟了导管螺旋桨在不同进速系数下的推力系数、转矩系数、导管螺旋桨表面压力分布等.首先利用UG及Gambit建立计算模型,然后在FLUENT软件中利用滑移网格(Moving Mesh)的方法计算导管螺旋桨在敞水状态下推力以及转矩.最后将计算结果与模型试验值进行比较,CFD计算结果与模型试验结果吻合.     

河口涨潮沟形成水动力机制初探

根据长江口1965－2000年的地形资料和研究成果，应用理论力学中平面汇交力的平衡条件，对河口涨潮沟形成的水动力机制进行了初步分析和探讨，结果表明，涨潮沟的表成与衰亡与主槽涨潮动力主轴的摆动和涨潮动力的变化密切相关，涨潮沟的利用与整治必须因势利导，顺应其形成机制和演变规律。     

限制水域浮体水动力特性研究

处理了浮体在限制水域作振荡运动时的水动力计算问题．计算结果表明：对于在振荡浮体两侧有全反射壁面的情形下，浮体水动力性能表现出奇异现象；这种现象完全不同于带有辐射边界条件的同类问题的解．两侧刚性壁面条件取代为无穷远辐射条件时，其结果是阻尼系数在全频域内对各种运动模式均为零解；附加质量在某些频段出现负值，且在某些频率下出现陡变现象．对这种水动力性态作了分析．     

Kelvin地基上悬臂输流管道的动力特性分析

在弹性地基上弹性输流管道研究的基础上，用改进的有限差分法术解了Kelvin—Voigt模型粘弹性地基上悬臂输流管道的动力特性和稳定性问题。计算结果表明，地基的无量纲松弛时间H、管道与地基的弹性模量比α以及质量比β对管道的动力特性和稳定性有着重要的影响。一般来说，颤振临界流速随表H和α的增大而增大。     

沉深变化对螺旋桨水动力性能影响的数值分析

为了分析桨轴沉深对螺旋桨水动力性能的影响,采用VOF方法对某型桨在静水状态下、不同沉深时的水动力性能进行了研究.采用混合网格技术.根据沉深的不同选用不同的计算域模型来进行网格的划分.通过静水中某沉深下螺旋桨推力系数、转矩系数以及效率的计算结果与实验值的对比,验证了研究结果的正确性.由结果分析得知:随着进速系数的增大,桨轴沉深对螺旋桨推力系数、转矩系数的影响逐渐减小,而对效率的影响逐渐增大,且螺旋桨对自由液面的抽吸位置逐渐后移,扰动越来越小.     

船舶水弹性的反对称波激响应

基于Bishop和Price的船舶水弹性理论,推证了船舶反对称波激响应的动力方程。采用Frank精密拟合法对势流的附加质量和阻尼系数进行了理论计算;并应用池田良穗提出的方法对粘性阻尼作了估计。针对一艘集装箱船的反对称动力响应进行了数值计算,结果表明该方法是成功的。     

源汇分布法求解非对称剖面水动力系数

在线性切片理论中水动力系数的计算剖面按对称剖面处理,而在大幅波浪中剖面非对称的影响不容忽视,为此提出了一种基于源汇分布法的二维非对称剖面水动力系数的求解方法.首先在二维柱体周界表面上连续分布强度待定的脉动点源,然后使流场速度势及流函数满足除物面条件以外的全部边界条件,再通过流函数物面条件的满足来求解出待定的源强,进而由流场的辐射势计算水动力系数.经与有关文献数据和实验数据的比较,验证了该方法计算的有效性.且实算表明,剖面非对称性对某些水动力系数的影响较大.     

基于重叠网格的潜艇旋臂试验数值模拟

潜艇水动力系数和流场特性对其操纵性的研究具有重要意义。为研究潜艇的定常回转运动,应用重叠网格法,对全附体潜艇回转运动的流场进行了数值模拟,并结合计算结果对潜艇回转的涡结构、艇体周围压力分布、速度场等流场结构进行了水动力分析。结果表明：重叠网格法对角速度系数的预报精度基本可以满足工程需求,但远不如对速度系数的预报精度;重叠网格法可以良好地捕捉到流场的特征和细节;潜艇因回转运动产生剧烈的流动分离,左右两舷的流动不再对称。本文对应用重叠网格法模拟旋臂试验有一定的参考价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…