纳米氧化锌的制备与表征

以草酸和醋酸锌为原料，用室温固相化学反应首先制备前驱物二水合草酸锌，进而在微波场辐射分解，得到产物纳米氧化锌。用X－射线粉末衍射和透射电镜对产物的组成、大小及形貌进行表征。结果表明：产物纳米氧化锌为粒度分布均匀的球形六角晶系结构，平均粒径约为8nm。     

纳米氧化锌的表面修饰及其摩擦学行为研究

采用直接沉淀法制备了粒径分布均匀（平均大小约为10nm）的纳米氧化锌,并采用X射线衍射（XRD）和透射电子显微（TEM）手段进行了表征.以山梨糖醇酐三油酸酯（span-60）、油酸、月桂酸钠和氟碳（（C—F）x）为表面活性剂对纳米氧化锌进行表面修饰,将修饰过的纳米氧化锌添加到液体石蜡中,使其质量分数为0.5%,进行沉降实验.用傅里叶红外线光谱仪（FT-IR）对表面修饰过的纳米氧化锌进行分析,用Falex-6型四球摩擦磨损实验机进行摩擦磨损实验,用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对钢球的表面进行形貌分析.结果表明,在液体石蜡中加入修饰过的纳米氧化锌,其摩擦系数及钢球的磨损程度均大大降低,其中经含有羧基的油酸修饰的纳米氧化锌在液体石蜡中的分散性最好,抗磨减摩性能最佳.     

Fe78B13Si9纳米晶合金的晶体结构

同高密度电脉冲处理Ｆｅ７８Ｂ１３Ｓｉ９（Ｍｅｔｇｌａｓ２６０５Ｓ－２）非晶合金，形成了纳米 晶合金，并用Ｘ射线衍射和透射电镜研究了纳米晶合金的晶粒结构，结果表明，两个晶体相为α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）固溶体和Ｆｅ２Ｂ（ｂｃｔ）化合物，晶粒尺寸为１９ｎｍ。     

机械合金化方法制备Fe－Si纳米晶粒子的研究

用机械合金化（ＭＡ）方法制备了Ｆｅ１００－ｘＳｉｘ（ｘ＝２０．３０．４０．７０）纳米粒子．当Ｓｉ＜３０ａｔ％时，球磨产物主要是α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）．随着Ｓｉ含量升高．Ｆｅ和Ｓｉ的化合物在球磨粉末中所占比例逐渐增大．实验结果表明．Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ粉末随球磨时间增加粒径减小，Ｆｅ６０Ｓｉ４０混合粉末经１２０ｈ球磨可得到粒径为７ｎｍ的晶粒．     

纳米晶Fe—B—Si合金的高温蠕变

研究了Ｆｅ７８Ｂ１３Ｓｉ９合金纳米晶（２７ｎｍ）和粗晶（２５０ｎｍ）试样的高温拉伸蠕变。纳米晶和粗晶试样蠕变初期阶段的应变－时间关系均符合Ａｎｄｒａｄｅ的指数律。根据稳态蠕变激活能和应力指数的数值，认为纳米晶试样的蠕变由界面扩散机制控制，而粗晶试样的蠕变由一种复合机制控制。文中报道的Ｆｅ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ合金与以前报道Ｎｉ－Ｐ合金高温蠕变的结果有相同的规律。     

纳米硅薄膜中的量子点特征

从电性和结构上论证了纳米硅薄膜中的细微晶粒（３￣６ｎｍ）具有量子点（Ｑ．Ｄ）特征。在其电导曲线中呈现出随晶粒尺寸减小而增大的小尺寸效应。使用薄层（￣２０ｎｍ厚）纳米硅膜制成了隧道二极管，已在液氮温区（≈７７Ｋ）在其Ｉ－Ｖ及σ－Ｖ曲线上呈现出Ｃｏｕｌｏｍｂ台阶。对实验结果做了初步分析讨论。     

双核铜配合物［Cu＿2（CH＿3COO）＿2C＿5H＿5NO］＿2的合成和晶体结构

以２－羟基吡啶为配体，合成了标题配合物，测定了其晶体结构。结果表明：晶体属单斜晶系Ｃ２／ｃ空间群。晶胞参数：ａ＝１．３７３５（５）ｎｍ，ｂ＝０．８６８７（３）ｎｍ，ｃ＝：１．８６３０（９）ｎｍ，β＝９３．７３（４）°，ｖ＝２．２１８１（１６）ｎｍ￣３，Ｚ＝４．结构用直接法解出。最终偏离因子Ｒ＝０．０５１。Ｃｕ－Ｃｕ间距离为０．２６３ｎｍ。     

〔Eu(NTO)_3(H_2O)_5〕5H_2O的合成和晶体结构

用３－硝基－１，２，４－三唑－５－酮（ＮＴＯ）的锂盐水溶液与Ｅｕ２Ｏ３的稀硝酸溶液反应，合成了ＮＴＯ的铕配合物，其单晶结构用Ｘ射线分析法进行了测定，确定了它的结构式为〔Ｅｕ（ＮＴＯ）３（Ｈ２Ｏ）５〕５Ｈ２Ｏ。其晶体属单斜晶系，空间群为Ｐ２１／ｎ，最终偏离因子Ｒ为０．０２３。晶胞参数如下：ａ１．８７２０（２）ｎｍ，ｂ０．６５４８（３），ｃ１．９３２３（３）ｎｍ，β９５．３３（１）°，Ｖ２．３５８３（５）ｎｍ３，Ｚ４，Ｄｃ２．０２６ｇｃｍ－３，μ２７．６７８ｃｍ－１，Ｆ（０００）１４３２。铕离子的配位数为８，其配位多面体为畸变的十二面体     

配合物Eu（P—MOBA）3bpy的晶体结构

在乙醇溶液中合成了对甲氧基苯甲酸－２，２′－联吡啶铕配合物的晶体，用ｘ－射线衍射方法测定了配合物的单晶结构，其结构式为Ｅｕ２（Ｐ－ＭＯＢＡ）６（ｂｐｙ）２Ｃ２Ｈ５ＯＨ（Ｐ－ＭＯＢＡ：对甲氧基苯甲酸根离子；ｂｐｙ；２，２′联吡啶），属三斜晶系ＰＴ空间群，晶胞参数；ａ＝１４８２（３）ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．３９０１（２）ｎｍ，ｃ＝１．０９４８（２）ｎｍ；α＝１０３．６３（１）＾０，β＝９２．６７（２）６０，γ＝     

亚临界干燥制备Sio2气凝胶

以Ｅ－４０（多聚硅氧烷）为硅源,ＨＦ为催化剂,采用异丁醇为干燥介质,用溶胶凝胶法在亚临界条件下制备了ＳｉＯ２气凝胶,用扫描电子显微镜（ＳＥＭ）、孔径分布测定仪、比表面积测试（ＢＥＴ）等方法对其微结构进行了研究,结果表明,所制备的ＳｉＯ２气凝胶具有纳米网络结构（平均颗粒大小约１０ｎｍ,平均孔径为１４．５ｎｍ）和大比表面积（约７０８．３ｍ＾２．ｇ＾－１）。由于亚临界干燥使得制备压力从６．４ＭＰａ降低到     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.