基于瑞利熵的多无源传感器数据关联

多维分配模型在构造关联代价函数时,直接利用极大似然估计值代替目标的真实位置信息,未考虑极大似然估计所引入的随机误差。针对此问题,提出一种基于瑞利熵的多无源传感器数据关联算法。该算法利用瑞利熵度量量测后验概率密度函数与伪量测概率密度函数之间的差异,构造关联代价函数。仿真实验结果表明:该算法有效地提高了关联正确率,具有较好的关联性能。     

多传感器多机动目标跟踪的CPHD滤波算法

针对单传感器在多机动目标跟踪系统中不能很好地处理目标数目变化与突发机动的问题,提出了多传感器多机动目标跟踪的概率假设密度滤波算法.以CPHD滤波算法为理论基础,同时递推概率假设密度(PHD)函数和基数分布,避免了多目标多传感器的数据关联问题.结合自适应当前统计模型,选择3个雷达作为跟踪目标的传感器,相比于单传感器降低了信息的模糊度,提高了可信度.仿真结果比较表明了多传感器CPHD滤波算法在多目标跟踪方面的性能优势.     

考虑需求关联性的多供应商电商库存分配研究

需求关联性现象普遍存在于顾客购买行为中，然而大多数库存管理方面的研究假设产品需求相互独立，忽视关联性造成的影响，可能导致严重的缺货现象发生。针对存在需求关联性情况下具有库存容量限制的多供应商电商库存分配问题，应用FP-Growth算法从订单数据库中挖掘得到关联规则，并将关联规则抽象为一种约束，建立双目标随机规划数学模型，通过分段线性拟合方法对非线性目标函数和约束进行处理。采用非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)对模型进行求解，基于“先知种群”改进种群初始化过程，以提升算法收敛速度。使用真实数据的数值实验表明，基于关联规则的库存分配模型能以小幅度增加运营成本为代价，显著减少缺货数量。最后对库存容量、关联规则置信度和供应商个数进行敏感性分析，进一步为电商平台管理者提供了参考。     

一种新的多机动目标跟踪的GMPHD滤波算法

针对多机动目标跟踪的传统数据关联算法约束条件苛刻、估计精度低、计算量大等问题,提出了一种基于随机集理论的非数据关联的多机动目标跟踪算法.该算法将高斯混合概率假设密度(GMPHD)滤波与"当前"统计模型的优点相结合,绕过了棘手的数据关联问题,能高效处理目标数较大的机动跟踪问题.在漏检、虚警、多机动目标交叉杂波复杂环境下进行了仿真实验,结果表明,该算法具有较高的跟踪精度和稳健的跟踪性能.     

多传感器数据关联算法研究及发展综述

对多传感器多目标融合中的数据关联算法的研究及发展进行了回顾,指出了各个算法的适用范围及局限性,重点对概率数据关联算法及联合概率数据关联算法进行了分析;最后指出了数据关联算法的研究方向及将来的趋势。     

采用多类代价指数损失函数的代价敏感AdaBoost算法

为解决由多个二类代价敏感算法扩展而成的多类算法存在时间复杂度高和不能区分错分代价的问题,提出一种采用多类代价指数损失函数的多类代价敏感AdaBoost算法(MCCSADA)。为保证算法的代价敏感特性,首先设计一种满足代价敏感损失函数设计准则的多类代价敏感指数损失函数;然后将此损失函数作为评价分类器性能的标准,以最小化损失函数为目的使用逐步叠加模型推导算法的最优基分类器加权系数;最后使用多类代价损失函数和最优基分类器加权系数求解公式替换多类AdaBoost算法的损失数和加权系数求解公式,得到代价敏感的MCCSADA算法。使用UCI数据集对算法进行验证,实验结果表明:算法的稳定性得到了提升,退化现象被减弱;相比于由两类代价敏感算法通过一对一方法扩展而来的多类代价敏感算法,MCCSADA算法在大多数情况下能够取得更低的代价,而且具有较低的时间复杂度,在3类数据集上的时间复杂度降低约40%,并且随着类别数的增多效率提升更加明显。     

一种移动机器人SLAM中的多假设数据关联方法

针对移动机器人同时定位与建图(SLAM)中的局部数据关联问题,提出一种基于粒子滤波的多假设数据关联方法.该方法将数据关联问题转换成离散优化问题,利用多个粒子来维持多种数据关联假设,通过计算关联代价来获得粒子权重,用基本剪枝技术在粒子重采样过程中滤除错误的数据关联假设.研究结果表明:该方法弥补了经典的数据关联方法中关联假设一旦确定就不能修改的不足;与ICNN和JCBB数据关联方法相比,该方法能获得更正确的数据关联结果和更高的定位精度.     

用于多目标数据关联的群智能混合算法

为快速实现多目标数据的关联,将蚁群优化(AGO)算法和粒子群优化(PSO)算法相结合,提出了一种群智能混合算法.以跟踪门确定目标的有效量测,以新息的似然函数描述量测与目标的关联关系,建立多目标数据关联的组合优化模型.利用交叉变异的PSO算法求解出该优化组合模型的次优解,再将该次优解作为蚁群位置和信息素初始化的依据,利用ACO算法对目标函数的解进行细搜索以求得更优解.仿真实验结果表明,该算法能够有效地提高关联准确性和收敛速度.     

基于卡尔曼滤波的多特征加权最近邻数据关联与跟踪算法

针对传统最近邻数据关联算法正确率较低且容易出现漏关联的问题,提出一种多特征加权的最近邻关联算法。根据智能车环境感知系统获得的障碍物特征数据,定义了一种相似度函数,提出基于生命周期计算有效关联度的方法,从而判定目标是否关联;基于卡尔曼滤波对关联目标进行迭代更新,实现对目标的跟踪;通过实验对比了静止目标、无交互的低速运动目标和有交互的低速运动目标的跟踪轨迹。结果表明,与传统的最近邻数据关联算法相比,所提出的改进算法可以实现对低速运动目标准确连续的关联跟踪,不会出现目标丢失或位置突变的现象,且跟踪目标的交互与遮挡对跟踪效果影响较小,具有较高的有效性与实用性。研究结果可为智能车辆的目标跟踪设计提供参考。     

基于传感网的地面运动车辆目标容错跟踪

提出了一种新的基于声震传感网的机动目标跟踪算法,即在Rao-Blackwellized蒙特卡洛数据关联（RBMCDA）算法基础上,引入代价函数,根据代价函数的可信度和误差偏离度实时在线更新测量噪声模型参数.仿真结果表明：相比于RBMCDA算法,该算法不依赖于观测噪声的精确建模,在节点频繁切换情况下仍具有很好的自适应性;...     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.