诺卡氏菌对养殖水体中氨氮的降解特性研究

应用诺卡氏菌Nocardia对影响氨氮降解的各种主要因素进行了研究,发现降解菌在30℃,pH7．2及氨氮初始浓度0～30mg／L范围内保持高活性,最大降解速率达3．5mg／L·h。当底物浓度大于50mg／L时,平均降解速率线性下降。当接种量(菌悬液／反应液)为20mL/100mL时氨氮的降解是高效与经济的。     

硫酸铁改性活性炭催化微波照射快速降解亚甲基蓝的研究

在硫酸铁改性活性炭存在下，微渡照射能使溶液中的亚甲基蓝迅速降解。对总体积25mL，浓度100mg／L的亚甲基蓝溶液，改性活性炭加入量0．4g／L，微波照射3．0min时亚甲基蓝的降解率可达69．31％。适当提高改性活性炭加入量，如1．0g／L时，同样照射条件下溶液中的亚甲基蓝降解率即可达100％。结果表明，改性活性炭作为微波降解亚甲基蓝的催化剂具有降解速率快，成本低，没有中间产物生成和不会造成二次污染等优点，适合于大规模治理染料废水。另外，采用紫外一可见光谱和离子色谱技术探讨了微波照射时问、亚甲基蓝初始浓度、改性活性炭用量、改性液硫酸铁浓度和酸度以及溶液酸度对亚甲基蓝降解率的影响。     

固定化胶质红环菌降解吡啶的研究

用聚集～交联法固定化胶质红环菌,并在微氧、厌氧条件下,对其降解吡啶的动力学进行研究。实验结果表明：在微氧、厌氧条件下,未驯化的固定化胶质红环菌,在吡啶浓度为100mg/L时,降解动力学方程均遵循零级反应,微氧条件下降解速率常数大于厌氧条件下降解速率常数,该菌适于在微氧条件下降解吡啶。固定化胶质红环菌经驯化后,在微氧条件下,吡啶浓度为50mg／L、100mg／L、200mg／L、300mg／L和500mg／L时,降解动力学方程仍然遵循零级反应,吡啶初始浓度为50～200mg／L时,降解速率常数随着吡啶初始浓度增大而增大;吡啶初始浓度为300～500mg／L时,降解速率常数随着吡啶初始浓度增大而减小。固定化胶质红环菌在微氧条件下,可将吡啶中的氮大部分转化为氨氮。     

恒电流下原位电生成活性氯氧化降解蒽醌染料

利用形稳阳极原位电生成活性氯，以活性艳蓝KN—R的两个特征波长（592nm和255nm）处吸光度为主要指标，对该染料的脱色及其母体结构氧化降解进行了对比分析．在15A／m^2电流密度、0．1mol／LNa2SO4、0．2mol／L NaCl、0．1mmol／L活性艳蓝KN—R、初始pH=6．4、T=303K的条件下，经4h的电解，可使染料100％脱色，45％左右的染料母体结构被破坏，但电解液的TOC变化不大．实验结果表明，电流密度、氯化钠浓度、染料浓度、温度对染料的脱色及其母体结构氧化降解有较强的影响；染料脱色及其母体结构氧化降解过程遵循准一级动力学．     

纳米TiO2对甲基橙的吸附及光催化降解

采用新型氯化法制备纳米TiO₂，研究了纳米TiO₂悬浆体系对甲基橙溶液的降解脱色情况。研究表明，自制纳米TiO₂对甲基橙具有良好的吸附性，避光暗处也能够对甲基橙得到部分降解作用。考察了避光及不同光源照射下纳米TiO₂对甲基橙的脱色情况，并在 160W汞灯照射下，对甲基橙溶液初始浓度、催化剂投加量、反应时间和反应温度对甲基橙溶液的降解脱色速率的影响情况进行了研究。结果表明，光源对甲基橙的降解脱色速率影响不大；纳米TiO₂投加量为 5.0～13.0g/L时，对100～400mg/L的甲基橙溶液可达到良好的脱色效果；常温情况下纳米TiO₂ 投加量为 13g/L时，与100mg/L的甲基橙溶液反应30min，在160W汞灯照射下甲基橙脱色率可达91.1%，避光暗处脱色率可达86.9%。     

H2O2/Fe3+系统氧化活性染料废水的研究

采用H2O2／Fe^3 系统对商业染料活性红(FN-2BL red)、活性蓝(C—R blue)和活性黄(C-2R yellow)配制的废水进行了脱色研究．结果表明，当染料质量浓度为400mg／L时，pH值为2．5，H2O2质量浓度为646mg／L，F^3 浓度是0．25mmol／L，反应温度在60℃，反应20min，3种活性染料废水的色度去除率均达到99％以上；在以上优化的脱色工艺条件下，通过正交试验以COD去除率为指标确定最佳降解工艺条件．结果表明，初始DH值为2．5，过氧化氢质量浓度对于活性红、活性蓝和活性黄废水分别为850、782、646mg／L，Fe^3 浓度为1mmol／L，反应温度为60℃，反应60min．在最优工艺条件下，活性红、活性蓝和活性黄废水的COD去除率分别达到93．6％、94．5％和96．3％．     

诺卡氏T-01菌降解十二烷基苯磺酸钠的研究

得出了诺卡氏T－01菌对比较难生物降解的十二烷基苯磺酸钠（ABS）有较强的降解能力的结论．当pH＝7～8，ABS的浓度为30～50mg／L，时间为50～60h时，降解效率可达90％以上；ABS的浓度为100g／L以下时仍有较好的降解能力．     

活性炭吸附法处理染料废水

研究了活性炭对染料废水色度和COD的去除率，考察了温度、pH值和活性炭量对废水脱色率的影响．结果表明．活性炭量是脱色率的主要影响因素．室温下．初始浓度为250mg／L时，处理酸性品红、碱性品红、活性黑B-133染料废水的活性炭最佳用量分别为0．8％、1．0％、2．0％．脱色率均在97％以上．COD去除率分别为63．28％、95．66％、84．62％．     

CoⅡW12/SiO2的制备及其光催化降解橙黄Ⅱ

合成了钴钨酸（Co^ⅡW12）／SiO2复合催化剂，运用FTIR，CV，UV—vis／DRS等手段对其结构进行了表征．以染料橙黄Ⅱ为模型反应物，对Co^ⅡW12／SiO2-H2O2体系在近紫外光和可见光下的光降解脱色活性进行了研究．结果表明，在125W高压汞灯（λ≥310nm）辐照下，70mg／L橙黄Ⅱ溶液在pH为2．2～6、光照75min，脱色率为60．3％-70．1％；酸性条件下，脱色速率随H2O2浓度升高而升高，脱色过程符合表观一级反应动力学规律．在450W荧光汞灯（λ≥410nm）辐照下，15mg／L橙黄Ⅱ溶液在pH为2．2、光照105min，光脱色率为21．4％；光脱色率随pH升高而降低。     

焦化废水中难降解有机污染物降解特性

利用瓦氏呼吸仪测定微生物耗氧量的方法，研究了焦化废水及其中的难降解有机污染物吡啶、苯、间苯二酚和氯苯的降解特性。结果表明，pH值为7．2时，焦化废水降解率最高；当浓度小于40mg／L时，吡啶和苯可以部分被降解，浓度大于60mg／L时微生物呼吸作用明显地被抑制；污泥驯化有利于有机污染物降解速率的提高。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.