皮胶原纤维固载Zr(Ⅳ)对水体中染料的吸附

制备皮胶原纤维固载Zr（Ⅳ）吸附剂（ZLCF），考察其对水体中染料的吸附作用．研究表明，在pH=3-9的范围，ZLCF对阴离子型染料酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN-R有明显的吸附作用，且在pH=3时出现最大吸附，但ZLCF对阳离子型染料阳离子桃红FG难以产生有效的吸附作用．0．12g的ZLCF对100mL染料初始浓度为100mg／L的酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN-R的去除率分别达85．6％、95．9％和99．5％．吸附平衡符合Langmuir方程，说明三种阴离子型染料在ZLCF表面形成了单分子层吸附．在pH=3和303K的条件下，ZLCF对酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN．R的最大吸附容量分别为493．2mg／g、420．7mg／g和369．1mg／g．在293K--313K范围内，温度变化对活性艳蓝KN．R的吸附影响不明显；但酸性嫩黄G的吸附随温度的升高逐渐减少，是放热、熵减、可自发进行的过程；而直接黄R的吸附随温度的升高逐渐增加，是吸热、熵增，亦可自发进行的过程．进一步研究表明，ZLCF对三种阴离子型染料的吸附动力学符合拟二级速度方程，由此推测吸附主要由化学机理控制．     

无极紫外光降解活性艳蓝KN-R染料溶液的研究

实验首次将一种新型光源－无极紫外灯应用于染料废水的降解，考察反应过程中染料脱色率，TOC去除率，pH值的变化情况，并与普通紫外光的降解情况进行了比较。实验表明，染料活性艳蓝KN—R溶液经过无极紫外光处理110min后，脱色率达73%，TOC去除率达34％，而普通紫外光对染料的脱色率只有8％，TOC基本上没有变化。     

两性木素絮凝剂用于模拟染料废水的脱色处理研究

以木质素磺酸钙为原料制备了两性木素絮凝剂LSDC，并将LSDC用于活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR等多种模拟染料废水的脱色处理。讨论了LSDC投加量和溶液pH值对不同染料脱色效果的影响。实验结果说明，ISDC对各染料的脱色率在投加量0～150mg／L范围内脱色率随投加量增大而增大，同时投加量增加可能引起废水COD。的提高，需控制适当的投加量范围，在投加量不大时不会造成二次污染。染料所含活性基因数目和种类对脱色效果也有较大影响，对实验中涉及的几种活性染料，活性基团数目越多，絮凝脱色量越小。在pH4～8的范围内，活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR的脱色率分别可达83．7％，99．39％，98．25％和82．13％。     

H2O2/Fe3+系统氧化活性染料废水的研究

采用H2O2／Fe^3 系统对商业染料活性红(FN-2BL red)、活性蓝(C—R blue)和活性黄(C-2R yellow)配制的废水进行了脱色研究．结果表明,当染料质量浓度为400mg／L时,pH值为2．5,H2O2质量浓度为646mg／L,F^3 浓度是0．25mmol／L,反应温度在60℃,反应20min,3种活性染料废水的色度去除率均达到99％以上;在以上优化的脱色工艺条件下,通过正交试验以COD去除率为指标确定最佳降解工艺条件．结果表明,初始DH值为2．5,过氧化氢质量浓度对于活性红、活性蓝和活性黄废水分别为850、782、646mg／L,Fe^3 浓度为1mmol／L,反应温度为60℃,反应60min．在最优工艺条件下,活性红、活性蓝和活性黄废水的COD去除率分别达到93．6％、94．5％和96．3％．     

废弃皮胶原纤维固载金属离子吸附剂对阴离子型染料废水的脱色

以废弃皮屑为原材料,分别将Al（Ⅲ）、Fe（Ⅲ）和ZK（Ⅳ）结合在皮胶原纤维上,制备出一类新型生物质吸附剂——皮胶原纤维固载金属离子吸附剂（MLCF）．实验证明,MLCF有相当高的金属离子固载率,其收缩温度和等电点明显高于皮胶原纤维,且具有松散的表面结构和较大的比表面积．其中皮胶原纤维固载Fe（Ⅲ）吸附剂（FLCF）和皮胶原纤维固载Zr（Ⅳ）吸附剂（ZLCF）在pH3．0-11．0的范围内稳定性好,通过研究其对水体中三种阴离子型染料（酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN—R）的吸附去除,发现ZLCF的吸附容量和去除率均比FLCF的大,ZLCF对酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN—R的吸附容量分别达439．6、388．9和368．9mg／g,1．2g／L用量的ZLCF对这三种染料（初始浓度为100mg／L）的去除率均大于85％．FLCF和ZLCF固定床均显示出较高的吸附利用率,其中ZLCF固定床对酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附穿透点分别达110、64和250床层体积．     

自腐菌Pleurotus ostreatus漆酶对蒽醌染料SN4R脱色研究

利用白腐菌Pleurotus ostreatus324粗漆酶和纯漆酶进行蒽醌染料SN4R的脱色研究．粗漆酶可使蒽醌染料SN4R脱色，最适脱色pH、温度和漆酶酶活分别为4．0、40℃和30IU／mL,12h染料脱色率为55％,纯漆酶不能使SN4R脱色，但小分子介体物质可介导纯漆酶对染料SN4R的氧化脱色．在最适条件下4h染料脱色率可达80．6％．粗漆酶添加适当浓度的介体物质，可使染料完全脱色。因此，小分子还原介体物质的存在有助于染料废水的降解和脱色。     

活性艳蓝KN-R染料溶液微波催化脱色研究

在载硫酸镍活性炭存在下,微波照射能使活性艳蓝KN-R溶液迅速脱色,每克载硫酸镍活性炭处理50mL、300mg/L的活性艳蓝KN-R溶液,微波辐照3min脱色率可达97.2%。实验结果表明,微波辐射下活性艳蓝KN-R在催化剂表面被氧化而降解。     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件：外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

两性木素絮凝剂用于模拟染料废水的脱色处理研究

以木质素磺酸钙为原料制备了两性木素絮凝剂LSDC,并将LSDC用于活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR等多种模拟染料废水的脱色处理.讨论了LSDC投加量和溶液pH值对不同染料脱色效果的影响.实验结果说明,LSDC对各染料的脱色率在投加量0～150 mg/L范围内脱色率随投加量增大而增大,同时投加量增加可能引起废水CODCr的提高,需控制适当的投加量范围,在投加量不大时不会造成二次污染.染料所含活性基因数目和种类对脱色效果也有较大影响,对实验中涉及的几种活性染料,活性基团数目越多,絮凝脱色量越小.在pH 4～8的范围内,活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR的脱色率分别可达83.7%,99.39%,98.25%和82.13%.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.