微波辐射下4′-苯基-2,2′:6′,2″-联三吡啶的合成和晶体结构

标题化合物C21H15N3是由苯甲醛、2-乙酰基吡啶和醋酸铵在水相中经微波辐射反应而得,反应在24 min内完成.结构通过单晶X射线衍射法测定,其晶体属正交晶系,空间群Pbcn,a=1.227(4),b=1.197(4),c=1.110(3)nm,V=1.630(9)nm3,Mr=309.36,Z=4,Dc=1.260 g/cm3,λ=0.071 073 nm,μ(Mo Kα)=0.076 mm-1,F(000)=648,R=0.039 8,Rw=0.092 8.     

2,2′-(4-硝基苯基)亚甲基双(3-羟基-5,5二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮)的晶体结构

标题化合物C23H27NO6是由对硝基苯甲醛与5,5-二甲基-1,3-环己二酮在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中反应而得.结构通过单晶X射线衍射法测定,其晶体属于正交晶系,空间群Pca2(1),a=1.296 5(3)nm,b=2.352 5(4)nm,c=2.807 8(5)nm,Mr=413.46,V=8.564(3)nm3,Dc=1.283 g.cm-3,Z=16,μ(Mo Kα)=0.093 mm-1,F(000)=3 520.晶体结构用直接法解出,采用全矩阵最小二乘法对原子参数进行修正,最终得偏离因子为R=0.048 3,Rw=0.118 2.在晶体结构中,存在着两个共轭的烯醇式结构.四个C O键长分别为0.126 3(7),0.130 5(8),0.127 6(7)和0.130 5(8)nm,呈现出明显的平均化趋势.     

2，2’-（4-硝基苯基）亚甲基双（3-羟基-5，5二甲基-2-环己烯-1-酮）的晶体结构

标题化合物C23H27NO6是由对硝基苯甲醛与5,5-二甲基-1,3-环己二酮在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中反应而得.结构通过单晶X射线衍射法测定,其晶体属于正交晶系,空间群Pca2(1),a=1.296 5(3)nm,b=2.352 5(4)nm,c=2.807 8(5)nm,Mr=413.46,V=8.564(3)nm3,Dc=1.283 g·cm-3,Z=16,μ(Mo Kα)=0.093 mm-1,F(000)=3 520.晶体结构用直接法解出,采用全矩阵最小二乘法对原子参数进行修正,最终得偏离因子为R=0.048 3,Rw=0.118 2.在晶体结构中,存在着两个共轭的烯醇式结构.四个C-O键长分别为0.126 3(7),0.130 5(8),0.127 6(7)和0.130 5(8)nm,呈现出明显的平均化趋势.     

3-(2-氯苯基)-1,2-二氢环丁基并[c]苯并[f]喹啉的合成和晶体结构

标题化合物3-(2-氯苯基)-1,2-二氢环丁基并[c]苯并[f]喹啉是由邻氯苯甲醛、2-萘胺、环丁酮在碘催化下,以四氢呋喃(THF)作溶剂反应而得.结构通过单晶X射线衍射分析确定,其晶体属于正交晶系,空间群Pna2(1),a=0.758 4(2)nm,b=2.765 8(9)nm,c=0.730 5(2)nm,Mr=315.78,V=1.532 4(8)nm3,Dc=1.369g/cm3,Z=4,μ(Mo Kα)=0.247mm-1,F(000)=656.晶体结构用直接法解出,使用全矩阵最小二乘法对原子参数进行修正,最后的偏离因子R1=0.037 3,wR2=0.082 7.     

系列8-羟基喹啉金属配合物的合成、晶体结构和光物理性能

采用水热合成法, 得到了3种8-羟基喹啉金属配合物: [Al(C9H8NO)3](1), AlO3; [Co(C9H8NO)3](2), CoQ3和[Cu(C9H8NO)2](3), CuQ2 . 并对3种化合物的单晶进行了X-射线衍射分析, 确定了结构.3个晶体都属于单斜晶系的P2 (1)/n 空间群. 配合物(1)的晶胞参数是a=1.122 7(8) nm, b=1.301 7(9) nm, c=1.681 2(9) nm, β=95.064(9)°, V =2.447(3) nm3, Z =4, F(000)=1 024. 配合物(2)为a=1.1 240(12) nm, b=1.2 894(14) nm, c=1.666 5(18) nm, β=95.068(10), V =2.406(4) nm3, Z =4, F(000)=1 048. 配合物(3)为a=1.065 7(14) nm, b=0.861 1(11) nm, c=1.525 1(2) nm,β=102.229(2)°, V =1.367 7(3) nm3, Z =4, F(000)=716. 同时对3种化合物的UV-VIS-NIR、IR和荧光光谱进行了测定和分析指认.     

8-取代喹哪啶的合成与晶体结构

2-取代苯胺与巴豆醛反应合成了5种8-取代喹哪啶.讨论了反应因素对反应的影响,得到了较好的结果.8-取代喹哪啶的结构经1HNMR和MS分析确证,并用单晶X-射线衍射测定了化合物Ⅰa和Ⅰb的晶体结构.化合物Ⅰa晶体属正交晶系,空间群为Pca21,晶胞参数为:a=1.279 61(9)nm,b=0.506 60(4)nm,c=1.311 81(9)nm,Z=4,V=0.850 38(11)nm3,Dc=1.387 g/cm3,F(000)=368,R1=0.028 8,wR2=0.073 1,S=1.01;化合物Ⅰb晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为P21/c晶胞参数为:a=0.504 40(17)nm,b=1.346 7(4)nm,c=1.339 1(4)nm,β=97.678(4)°;Z=4,V=0.901 4(5)nm3,Dc=1.636 g/cm3,F(000)=440,R1=0.071 1,wR2=0.195 1,S=1.09.选择合适溶剂和添加剂,反应收率较文献值有较大提高.     

3,4-亚甲二氧基硝基苯合成和晶体结构

3,4-亚甲二氧基硝基苯由1,2-亚甲二氧基苯经硝化反应合成. 其晶体结构经X射线衍射测定为单射晶系,空间结构P21/c,Z=4,晶包参数为a=0.378 00(8) nm; b=1.000 3(2) nm; c=1.822 4(4) nm; β=97.33(3)°; Mr=167.12; V=0.683 4(2) nm3, Dc=1.624 g/cm3, μ(MoKα)=0.136 mm-1, F(000)=344, R=0.070 7, wR=0.182 8. 3,4-亚甲二氧基硝基苯中所有原子位于同一平面上,其中O(1)最大偏离为-0.003 4 nm.     

7，8-二氢-5，7，7-三甲基-10-（2-噻吩基）-5H-茚[1，2-b]并喹啉-9，11（6H，10H）-二酮的合成和晶体结构

以2-噻吩醛,5,5-二甲基-3-甲氨基环己-2-烯酮和1,3-茚二酮为原料,在醋酸溶剂中,通过微波辅助的多组分反应一步合成标题化合物.结构经红外光谱、核磁共振和元素分析得以确证,并通过单晶X射线衍射进一步确证.其晶体属于三斜晶系,空间群P-1,a=0.728 7(4),b=0.852 7(4),c=1.554 6(8)nm,α=90.514(10)°,β=91.579(9)°,γ=92.251(9)°,Mr=375.47,V=0.964 8(8)nm3,Dc=1.292 g/cm3,Z=2,μ(Mo Kα)=0.185 mm-1,F(000)=396.晶体结构用直接法解出,使用全矩阵最小二乘法对原子参数进行修正,最后的偏离因子R=0.090 6,Rw=0.169 2.     

5-乙酰基-6-甲基-4-(2-呋喃基)-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮的合成和晶体结构

通过二碘化钐催化的Bigineli反应合成了5-乙酰基-6-甲基-4-(2-呋喃基)-3,4-二氢嘧啶-2-酮,并采用单晶X-射线衍射法测定了其晶体结构.晶体属单斜晶系,P21/n空间群,a=0.883 7(2)nm,b=0.818 6(2)nm,c=1.483 1(3)nm,β=103.73(5)°,V=1.042 2(4)nm3,M=220.23,Z=4,Dc=1.404 g/cm3,μ(MoKα)=0.104 mm-1,F(000)=464.最终偏离因子为R=0.062 3、wR=0.138 4.     

4-(4-溴苯基)-9-(4-氯苯基)-2,3,6,7-四氢-6,6-甲基-4H-环戊并[b]喹啉-1,8(5H,9H)-二酮的合成和晶体结构

标题化合物是由4-氯苯甲醛、5,5-二甲基-3-(4-溴苯基)氨基-2-环己烯-1-酮和1,3-环戊二酮在离子液体中反应制得,并通过IR,1 HNMR,HRMS和元素分析加以表征.结构通过单晶X射线衍射分析确定,其晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群P2(1)/c,a=1.091 8(2)nm,b=3.325 5(7)nm,c=1.270 6(3)nm,β=96.89(3)°,Mr=993.63,V=4.579 7(16)nm3,Dc=1.441g/cm3,Z=4,μ(Mo Kα)=1.935cm-1,F(000)=2 032.晶体结构用直接法解出,使用全矩阵最小二乘法对原子参数进行修正,最后的偏离因子R1=0.098 3,wR2=0.167 5.     

1，1’-螺二茚烷-7，7’-二羧酸的制备

光学纯的1，1’-螺二茚烷-7，7’-二醇与三氟甲磺酸酐反应得到的三氟甲磺酸酯在钯催化剂作用下发生羧甲基化反应生成1，1’-螺二茚烷-7，7’-二羧酸甲酯，进一步水解以大于90％产率得到相应的羧酸．     

2,2'''':6'''',2"-三联吡啶衍生物配体的合成及研究

合成了两种2,2′∶6′,2″-三联吡啶衍生物,并用IR和^1HNMR对这两种化合物结构进行了表征.初步探讨了反应的合成机理,并优化了反应温度和溶剂,使其更加具体和高效,最后得到的产率高于以往的文献报告,分别为37%和41%.实验发现这种配体和Fe^2＋/Fe^3＋具有较好的配合效果,生成的配合物较易溶于有机溶剂.     

4，4’-二氨基二苯基醚四缩水甘油胺的合成

本文以DDE(4，4’-二氮基二苯基醚4，4’-Diamino diphenyl ether)和环氧氯丙烷为原料，经两步反应合成新型多官能团环氧树脂TGDAE(4，4’-二氮基二苯基醚四缩水甘油胺Tetraglyeidylnted 4，4’dianiline ether)．此反应条件温和，收率较高，产品可作为性能优良的高特复合材料单体．     

2,2''''-二苯基二硫的间接电解氧化合成

以KJ—NaI为间接电解质，丙酮为溶剂，用间接电解氧化的方法对硫酚进行偶联，高产率地得到了偶联产物2，2’-二苯基二硫(Ph2S2)．     

National 2000’ GPS control network of China

An accurately unified national GPS network with more than 2500 stations,named"National 2000' GPS Control Net- work",signed the epoch 2000.0,has been established by integrating the existing six nationwide GPS networks of China set up by differ- ent departments with different objectives.This paper presents the characteristics of the existing GPS networks,summarizes the strategies in the integrated adjustment of the GPS network,including functional model,stochastic model as well as the adjustment principle modifi- cation.By modifying the adjustment strategies according to the characteristics of the existing GPS networks and under the support of the IGS stations,the accuracy of the integrated national GPS network is greatly improved.The datum differences among the sub networks disappear,the systematic error influences are weakened,and the effects of the outliers on the estimated coordinates and their variances are controlled.It is shown that the average standard deviation for the horizontal component is smaller than 1.0 cm,the vertical component is smaller than 2.0 cm,and the three-dimensional (3-D) position of geocenter coordinates is smaller than 3.0 cm.The exterior checking ac- curacy for the 3-D position is averagely better than 1.0 cm.     

关于’98上海服装零售市场的打折研究

可以说,1998年是中国服装零售业的“打折年”.目前,如何在“打折”问题中走出困境,令很多服装零售商们大为棘手.这里试图通过对促销打折作理论上的探讨与研究,在一定程度上减少促销打析中的困惑与盲目.对于时下“雾里看花”的打折,这里提出了一些观点.     

14,14-二取代9,10,11,15-四氢9,10[3′,4′]-呋喃蒽-12(14H)-酮的合成

9,10,11,15-四氢9,10[3′,4′]-呋喃蒽-12,14-二酮和格利雅试剂反应制得了七种新的14,14-二取代-9,10,11,15-四氢9,10[3′,4′]-呋喃蒽-12(14H)-酮(Ⅱ_a～Ⅱ_y)。它们的结构经红外光谱、质子核磁共振谱和碳氢分析得到鉴定。     

Experimental validation of inter-subspecific genetic diversity in rice represented by the differences between the DNA sequences of ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘93-11’

The pedigrees of three sequenced rice cultivars were analyzed to show that a majority of the genetic composition of 'Nipponbare' originates from japonica cultivars while the minority originates from indica cultivars. In contrast, '93-11' is derived mainly from indica cultivars with a smaller contribution from japonica cultivars. All ancestors of 'Guang lu ai 4' appeared to be indica lines. A set of molecular markers (46 InDels and 53 SSRs) polymorphic between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' were examined in 46 typical indica and 47 typical japonica cultivars selected from 443 accessions according to Cheng's index. All cultivars were divided into indica and japonica groups without overlapping when clustered by Cheng's index, InDels and SSRs. Much higher InDel and SSR diversity between groups than within groups implies that the marker polymorphisms between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' represent a large proportion of inter-subspecific diversity. About 85% of indica cultivars and more than 90% of japonica cultivars were confirmed to have the same PCR banding patterns as '93-11' and 'Nipponbare', respectively. Some polymorphic loci between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' cannot be validated in other indica and japonica cultivars, either as subspecies-specific but not predominant alleles, or alleles not specific between the two groups. It was concluded that molecular markers developed from sequence polymorphism between 'Nipponbare' and '93-11' often represent inter-subspecific diversity, although some exceptions were sensitive to either particular marker loci or particular cultivars.     

4,4''''-二偶氮苯重氮氨基偶氮苯与Ni(Ⅱ)的显色反应研究

镍是人体中不可缺少的微量元素,具有非常重要的生理作用近年来,新合成的三氮烯类显色剂是一类广泛应用于钴、汞等过渡金属离子光度分析的优良显色剂4,4'-二偶氮苯重氯氨基偶氯苯可用于钴、汞、银的光度测定,表现了优良的光度性能[1～3],而用于测定镍还未见有报道.本文研究了该试剂在非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100的存在下与镍(Ⅱ)的显色反应,结果表明,在pH9.30的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲溶液中,试剂可与镍生成非常稳定的紫红色络合物,镍量在0～0.7 mg/L范围内符合比尔定律,从而建立了分光光度法测定镍的新方法.     

山西旅游资源自身规划和营销战略

山西旅游业要实现跨越式发展，关键是如何把资源优势转化为经济优势。要把资源优势转化为经济优势，关键是规划和营销旅游资源。在分析山西旅游资源特征的基础上．探讨了山西在旅游资源开发方面存在的问题，重点提出了山西旅游资源规划和营销战略构想。