武陵山区湖南新纪录植物（Ⅲ）

报道了湖南植物分布新纪录属1个：毛核木属（Symphoricarpos Duham.）.新纪录种11个：小冻绿树（Rhamnus rosthornii）;华中乌蔹莓（Cayratia oligocarpa）;秦岭槭（Acer tsinglingense）;四川槭（A.sutchuenense）;小花梾木（Swida parviflora）;拟密花树（Rapanea affinis (A.DC.) Mez）;野迎春（Jasminum mesnyi）;长叶女贞（Ligustrum compactum）;峨嵋牛皮消（Cynanchum giraldii）;淡黄荚蒾（Viburnum lutescens）;毛核木（Symphoricarpos sinensis）.变种3个：狭叶短毛独活（Heracleum moellendorffii var.subbipinnatum）;七裂薄叶槭（A.tenellum var.septemlobum）;秀山金萼杜鹃（Rhododendron chrysocalyx var.xiushanense）.新纪录亚种2个：多花清风藤（Sabia schumanniana subsp.pluriflora）;亮叶忍冬（Lonicera ligustrina subsp.yunnanensis）.新纪录植物隶属11科,14属.     

武陵山区湖南新纪录植物（Ⅱ）

报道了湖南植物分布新纪录种17个,变种3个,隶属11科,16属,它们是兴山唐松草（Thalictrum xingshanicum G. F. Tao）、鹤峰铁线莲（Clematis armandii var. hefengensis (G. F. Tao) W. T.Wang）、珠芽蓼（Polygonum viviparum Linn.）、湖北凤仙花（Impatiens pritzelii Hook. f.）、东川凤仙花（I. blinii Lévl. Cat.）、野梦花（Daphne tangutica var. wilsonii (Rehd.) H. F. Zhou ex C. Y. Chang）、纤细荛花（Wikstroemia gracilis Hemsl.）、小花栝楼（Trichosanthes parviflora C. Y. Wu ex S. K. Chen）、野草莓（Fragaria vesca Linn.）、五叶白叶莓（Rubus innominatu var. quinatus Bailey）、竹叶鸡爪茶（R. bambusarum）、峨嵋蔷薇（Rosa omeiensis Rolfe）、皱叶委陵菜（Potentilla ancistrifolia Bunge）、狼牙委陵菜（P. cryptotaeniae Maxim.）、文县黄蓍（Astragalus wenxianensis Y. C. Ho）、黔蚊母树（Distylium tsiangii Chun ex Walker）、羽脉野扇花（Sarcococca hookeriana Baill.）、峨嵋鹅耳枥（Carpinus omeiensis Hu & D. Fang）、曲脉卫矛（Euonymus venosus Hemsl.）、小果卫矛（E. microcarpus (Oliv.) Sprague）,纠正了链荚豆（Alysicarpus vaginalis (Linn.) DC.）的区系记录错误.     

四种花灌木对镉的耐性和富集特性研究

为从花灌木中筛选出镉超富集植物用于镉污染土壤的修复,本研究采用土壤高浓度镉污染法研究4种花灌木千里香(Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack.)、长春花(Catharanthus roseus(L.)G.Don)、大花芦莉(Ruellia elegans Poir.)和红花檵木(Loropetalum chinense var.rubrum)对镉污染土壤的耐性或抗性及对镉的富集特性,从中筛选出具有镉超富集作用的植物.研究结果表明,所选4种花灌木在不同Cd浓度土壤中的生长及富集状况存在差异,大花芦莉在各镉浓度土壤中生长较好,根茎叶中重金属含量均超过了超富集临界值(100 mg·kg~(-1)),而且在各镉浓度下的转移系数均超过1,说明大花芦莉对土壤重金属镉具有很强的耐性或抗性和超富集作用,适合作为镉污染土壤的修复材料;红花檵木植物体中镉富集量虽未超过超富集的临界值,但其能在高浓度镉处理下生长较好,说明红花檵木对镉具有很强的耐受性或抗性,适合选用为镉污染土壤的植被恢复品种,但不能作为超富集修复品种应用;千里香根茎叶对镉具有一定的富集作用,且地下部根系富集量要高于茎叶,各浓度处理下的转移系数均小于1,但其生长状况良好,可用于低浓度镉污染的土壤修复;长春花根茎对镉有一定的富集作用,但吸收量不大,且生长不良,叶片大量脱落,不适合种植在镉污染土壤.总结4种花灌木对土壤镉的富集能力的大小顺序是:大花芦莉千里香红花檵木长春花;耐性或抗性强弱顺序为大花芦莉红花檵木千里香长春花.     

超声法优化金叶女贞叶中总黄酮的提取

以金叶女贞叶为材料,寻找其中总黄酮的超声提取的最佳条件.以总黄酮含量为考察指标,在单因素实验的基础上,采用L9(34)正交实验,超声提取研究了乙醇浓度、超声提取时间、超声功率、超声温度对提取金叶女贞叶中总黄酮的影响.从实验结果分析,影响超声提取效果的因素为乙醇浓度超声时间提取功率提取温度,结果表明粒度为40目,乙醇浓度为65%,超声时间为75 min,超声功率为400 W,提取温度为50℃时总黄酮得率最高.     

燕山东段野生耐旱花卉的筛选

在对燕山东段野生花卉资源调查的基础上,进行了野生耐旱花卉的筛选。结果表明,燕山东段有野生花卉资源192种,隶属52科113属,其中向阳山坡有分布的野生花卉资源114种,隶属39科64属,从中选择了小花溲疏(Deutzia parviflora Bge.)、三裂绣线菊(Spiraea trilobata L.)、毛樱桃[Cerasus tomentosa (Thunb.) Wall.]、叶底珠[Securinega suffruticosa (Pall.)Rehd.]、栓翅卫矛(Euonymus phellomanaLoes.)、南蛇藤(Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb.)、孩儿拳头[Grewia biloba var. parviflora (Bge.) Hand.]、木半夏(Elaeagnuas multiflora Thunb.)、锦带花[Weigela florida (Bge.) A.DC.]和蚂蚱腿子(Myripnois dioica Bge.)等10种观赏性强、生长环境相对缺水的木本花卉进行了耐旱性筛选,得到耐旱性较强的6种花卉,其耐旱性依次是叶底珠>栓翅卫矛>木半夏>孩儿拳头>南蛇藤>蚂蚱腿子。     

上海植物区系新资料

报道了上海新记录植物8种2变种,隶属9科10属,其中外来植物新记录5种2变种:蓝花子Raphanus sativus var.raphanistroides(Makino)Makino、三裂叶绿豆Vigna radiata var.sublobata(Roxb.)Verdc.、大花酢浆草Oxalis bowiei Aiton ex G.Don、小马泡Cucumis bisexualis A.M.LuG.C.Wang、细果草龙Ludwigia leptocarpa(Nutt.)H.Hara、美丽月见草Oenothera speciosa Nutt.和疏花黑麦草Lolium remotum Schrank,其中三裂叶绿豆V/gna radiata var.sublobata(Roxb.)Verdc是中国大陆外来植物新记录;原生植物新记录3种:千金藤Stephania japonica(Thunb.)Miers、北水苦荬Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.和一点红Emilia sonchifolia(L.)DC.     

重瓣扶桑的引种栽培研究

2002年首次从广东引种重瓣扶桑(Hibiscus rosa-sinensis var.rubro-plenus)到广西柳州市园林科学研究所,观察重瓣扶桑的物候,测定其生长量和花径,并进行不同月份、不同基质、不同处理扦插繁殖和高空压条繁殖试验,2004年还分别在柳州市龙潭公园、帽合公园和江滨公园进行不同地点栽培试验.结果表明,重瓣扶桑年净高生长量平均可达92.1 cm,最大年净高生长138.0 cm;茎粗生长量平均达到1.08 cm,最大达到1.66 cm;2003～2005年,平均花径由7.9 cm增大到8.7 cm.不同月份扦插以5月份最佳,不同基质扦插以全沙和珍珠岩为最佳,不同处理扦插以200～300 ppm萘乙酸和吲哚丁酸为佳,3种最佳扦插试验条件下的生根率均达到97.5%.高空压条繁殖生根率为98.2%,为繁殖试验中生根率最高.不同地点的栽培成活率达100%,生长开花正常,能自然过冬,说明重瓣扶桑能够适应柳州市的自然环境条件,可以大面积种植推广.     

柳州市行道树种的选择研究

在广西柳州市选择7个本地树种和15个外地树种进行引种试验,测定树种的光合效率、净化空气效率、生长量等指标,评价树种的适应性和抗逆性.结果选择出9个柳州市最佳的行道树种:广玉兰(Magnolia grandiflora L.)、狭叶杜英(Elaeocarpus lanceaefolius Roxb.)、乐昌含笑(Michelia chapensis Dandy)、大叶樟[Cinnamomum parthenoxylon (Jack) Nees]、海南蒲桃[Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels]、美丽异木棉(Chorisia speciosa A.St.Hil.)、菩提树(Ficus religiosa L.)、仪花(Lysidice rhodostegia Hance)和栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.),其中:大叶樟、海南蒲桃、仪花可作建群种,在营建行道树群落时作上层乔木的主体.     

不同寄主红花寄生叶提取物抗氧化能力的研究

采用FRAP法和TEAC法测定了6种寄主植物(女贞、石榴、荷花玉兰、长梗柳、桑、夹竹桃)来源的红花寄生叶提取物抗氧化能力,并采用RP-HPLC检测了提取物中槲皮素和山奈酚质量分数.结果表明:红花寄生叶提取物具有较强的抗氧化能力,且活性强弱受不同提取剂和寄主植物的影响显著(p＜0.05).在3种提取剂中,以体积分数为80...     

山东省顶蒴藓类植物新记录

经过系统全面的野外调查和标本鉴定整理,共鉴定山东省顶蒴藓类植物新记录属3个,新记录种61个。新记录属分别是圆口藓属Gyroweisia Schimp.、喙叶藓属Rhamphidium Mitt.、舌叶藓属Merceya Schimp.,新记录种为节茎曲柄藓Campylopus umbellatus (Arnoth.) Par.、桧叶白发藓Leucobryum juniperoides (Brid.) C.Muell.,高山大丛藓云南变种Molendoa sendtneriana (B.S.G.) Limpr.var.yunnanica等。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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