祁家黄河大桥C50钢管混凝土施工工艺

混凝土压注是钢管拱桥施工的关键工序,本论述通过祁家黄河大桥施工实例,阐述了高强微膨胀自密实钢管混凝土顶推法施工工艺,通过良好的施工工艺设计,使钢管混凝土具有可泵性好、高强、早强和微膨胀等性能,保证了该桥钢管混凝土的顺利压注和钢管混凝土的施工质量。     

MgO钢管自应力混凝土试验研究

通过大剂量添加MgO膨胀剂,利用MgO膨胀产生的自应力成功解决了钢管混凝土结构普遍存在的脱粘问题.实验研究了添加MgO膨胀剂混凝土的约束膨胀性能.试验结果表明MgO膨胀剂具有很好的膨胀性能和理想的长期稳定性,在钢管的约束作用下,产生了较高的自应力值,使核心混凝土受压承载力提高,同时使核心混凝土内部更为致密.     

微膨胀钢管混凝土膨胀性能与极限承载力试验研究

以膨胀剂掺量为参数,对微膨胀钢管混凝土试件进行膨胀性能和极限承载力的试验研究.试验结果表明,混凝土由于膨胀剂的加入,补偿收缩效果明显,能够产生自应力防止脱空现象的发生;同时在钢管的紧箍力下,核心混凝土处于3向受压状态,能与钢管协同工作,从而提高钢管混凝土构件的极限承载力.通过对理论计算值和试验实测值的比较,钢管膨胀混凝土承载力不宜用钢管混凝土承载力公式进行计算,容易造成材料浪费.     

钢管混凝土的体积形变研究及其膨胀模式的改善

分析了钢管混凝土的收缩与膨胀特性,认为冷缩和徐变收缩是造成膨胀钢管混凝土收缩的主要原因,混凝土是按照弹性回伸机理进行补偿收缩的。针对膨胀钢管混凝土的特点,开发出储能延迟膨胀剂,采用该种膨胀剂改变了钢管混凝土传统补偿收缩模式,使钢管混凝土按照延迟膨胀模式进行,减少了自应力的损失,有效利用了膨胀能,大大提高了钢管混凝土的承载力。     

轴对称变温下钢管混凝土平面应变问题解析解

为建立钢管混凝土膨胀性能设计目标,应用热弹性力学理论,推导得到了轴对称变温作用下钢管混凝土平面应变问题解析解,并进行了有限元分析;计算得到了钢管混凝土界面脱空间隙理论值、钢管膨胀混凝土的限制膨胀率与自由膨胀率的完全数学关系以及钢管混凝土自应力与自由膨胀率的理论关系;提出并推导得到了钢管混凝土自由膨胀率＂可行域＂.结果表明：理论解析解与有限元分析结果基本一致,验证了解析解的正确性.     

不同截面类型钢管膨胀混凝土组合柱受力性能对比试验研究

为研究不同截面类型钢管膨胀混凝土组合柱的膨胀机理以及力学性能,采用试验研究的方法进行了单向限制膨胀混凝土的膨胀性能试验,圆形截面组合柱、方形截面组合柱、矩形截面组合柱养护期膨胀自应力以及轴压极限承载力试验,轴压试验中还采用了声发射检测技术进行辅助测试.试验结果表明:截面类型的差异并不影响钢管膨胀混凝土组合柱的膨胀模式以及轴压破坏趋势,但由于约束效应的不同,截面形式不同的试件在自应力与轴压承载力上会存在差异;声发射特征参数能很好地表征钢管膨胀混凝土组合柱轴压破坏的受力特征以及变化规律,声发射检测技术可应用于钢管内部核心混凝土损伤的评判以及轴压破坏阶段的预测.     

钢管自密实自应力混凝土短柱轴压力学性能试验研究

结合自密实混凝土和自应力混凝土的特点，配制出有自密实性的自应力混凝土．将其应用于钢管混凝土内，不仅可以解决钢管混凝土浇注不密实，混凝土干缩、徐变等问题，而且还可以解决自应力混凝土约束不足的问题,试验通过6个钢管自应力自密实混凝土短柱试件研究了钢管约束下自应力混凝土的膨胀性能．分析结果表明，徐变变形和弹性变形占有效自由膨胀变形的2／3左右，这部分变形在计算中不容忽视．膨胀稳定后，初始自应力值能达到3～6MPa,通过18个试件研究了短柱轴压力学性能，试验结果表明：在初始应力的影响下，钢管自应力混凝土的弹性工作阶段比普通钢管混凝土大10％左右，承载力也有5％～20％的提高．     

方钢管再生混凝土长柱单偏压性能试验研究

文章以再生粗骨料取代率、钢管壁厚、长细比和偏心率为变化参数,通过对15根方钢管再生混凝土长柱进行单向偏心受压试验,研究了方钢管再生混凝土长柱偏心受压的受力性能.研究结果表明:钢管再生混凝土长柱偏心受压破坏分为端头压曲破坏和整体弯曲失稳破坏2个大类,方钢管对受压膨胀的再生混凝土有很好的约束作用,方钢管再生混凝土偏压长柱与...     

钢纤维增韧自密实微膨胀钢管混凝土

钢管混凝土(CFST)桁架连续梁桥因跨度大(大于50 m)、同时承受纵向压应力和横向拉应力双重作用导致核心混凝土韧性不足.对此开展了钢纤维自密实微膨胀钢管混凝土的增韧、及工作性、力学性能等研究.通过微膨胀剂的合理掺入和系列配合比优化设计,成功试配了钢纤维增韧自密实微膨胀钢管混凝土.结果显示,所得自密实微膨胀钢管混凝土坍落度在220 mm以上,扩展度在550 mm以上,自密实性良好.波纹状钢纤维对改善混凝土抗压性能有明显作用,抗压强度提高了25%～35%,而多锚点状钢纤维对改善混凝土抗弯性能有明显作用,韧性提高约2～3倍,混凝土破坏呈现延性破坏而不是常见的脆性破坏.钢纤维最优体积掺量为0.75%.     

钢骨-钢管高强混凝土柱抗火性能试验研究

钢骨-钢管高强混凝土柱是一种组合柱设计的新模式,通过钢骨-钢管高强混凝土柱与普通钢管高强混凝土柱的对比轴向负荷和抗火试验,研究了钢骨-钢管高强混凝土柱的耐火性能.试验结果表明,在相同的荷载水平下,两种组合柱的轴向变形均呈现三阶段变化规律:初始膨胀变形阶段、材料损伤导致的压缩变形稳定发展阶段和压缩变形急剧增长的破坏阶段;钢骨-钢管高强混凝土柱的压缩变形稳定发展阶段较普通钢管高强混凝土柱长很多,从而使钢骨-钢管高强混凝土柱的耐火极限达到166 min,而钢管高强混凝土柱仅为46 min,由此可见在钢管高强混凝土柱中加入型钢可显著提高柱子的耐火性能.研究成果可为有关钢骨-钢管高强混凝土柱工程抗火设计提供参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that