本征超导辐射探测器的研究

报道了本征超导辐射探测器的实验过程及结果分析．探测器是利用超导的临界电流与温度的关系（Ｉｃ－Ｔ）来工作的，而且完全工作在超导本征态．高温超导薄膜为采用准分子激光消融法制备的ＹＢＣＯ外延超导薄膜．采用离子束干法刻蚀进行器件的图形制备．在８～１４μｍ红外波段进行了探测器的光响应测试．调制频率为１０Ｈｚ时，探测器的等效噪声功率（ＮＥＰ）为１．８×１０－１２Ｗ·Ｈｚ－１／２；归一化探测度为２．５×１０９ｃｍ·Ｈｚ１／２·Ｗ－１．实验表明，在低于Ｔｃ的温度范围内，探测器具有平坦的光响应与温度的曲线，从而克服了传统的Ｂｏｌｏｍｅｔｅｒ探测器工作温度过窄的缺点．     

本征超导辐射探测器的研究

报道了本征超导辐射探测器的实验过程及结果分析，探测器是利用超导的临界电流与温度的关系来工作的，而且完全工作在超导本征态，高温超导薄膜为采用准分子激光消融法制备的ＹＢＣＯ外延超导薄膜。采用离子束地刻蚀进行器件的图形制备，在８￣１４μｍ红外波段进行了探测器的光响应测试，调制频率为１０Ｈｚ时，探测器的等效噪声功率（ＮＥＰ）为１．８×１０＾－１２Ｗ·Ｈｚ＾－１／２；归一化探测度为２．５×１０＾９ｃｍ·Ｈｚ     

用阳离子置换法制备汞系高温超导薄膜

介绍了最近发明的一种制备汞系高温超导薄膜的新方法—阳离子置换法．采用Ｔ１ 系外延超导薄膜作为先驱薄膜,将Ｔ１ 系超导薄膜在Ｈｇ 气氛下进行热处理,用Ｈｇ 置换先驱薄膜中的Ｔ１,进而生成Ｈｇ 系外延超导薄膜．用此方法,成功地在ＬａＡｌＯ３ （００１）衬底上制做出了高质量的ＨｇＢａ２ＣａＣｕ２Ｏｘ 超导薄膜．Ｘ－光衍射θ－２θ扫描和极图测试表明,薄膜具有很纯的超导相和很好的外延结构．超导临界温度可达１２２Ｋ．在７７Ｋ温度下,临界电流密度达到３．４×１０６ Ａ／ｃｍ ２,在１１０Ｋ 温度下,临界电流密度仍可保持在０．７×１０６Ａ／ｃｍ ２ ．     

超导薄膜制 Bolometer 器件的微透镜红外增强

采用离子束刻蚀制备线列熔凝石英柱微透镜阵列,准分子激光扫描消融法淀积性能均匀且稳定性良好的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ高温超导薄膜,湿法刻蚀制备超导薄膜器件,微透镜阵列与超导薄膜器件用胶粘合构成组合红外探测器,测试了组合器件在１～５ｍ红外波段的光响应特性．     

多晶硅一维MIS结构光位敏探测器的研制

以横向光伏效应为工作模式，采用氢化非晶硅（ａ－Ｓｉ：Ｈ）的快速退火固相晶化工艺，我们成功地研制了一维ＭＩＳ结构的多晶硅（ｐｏｌｙ－Ｓｉ）光位敏探测器（ＰＳＤｓ）．测试结果表明：该器件光响应峰位在６６０ｎｍ附近，峰位处光谱灵敏度为１×１０－３μＡ／μＷ，在２０ｍＷ／ｃｍ２光功率密度下，对７８０ｎｍ的近红外光其平均位敏度约０．２８ｍＶ／ｎｍ，与未经退火的α－Ｓｉ：Ｈ器件相比，光响应最大光位敏度为０．４６ｍＶ／ｎｍ，峰位红移６０ｎｍ，光谱灵敏度提高了１－２个数量级。     

超导辐射热探测器的响应率研究

分析了超导辐射热探测器的响应率，根据热平衡方程，考虑偏置电流对器件工作点的影响，推导出更具普适意义的超导辐射热探测器的响应率计算式，修正了传统的响应率公式，采用复合介质热传导模型，精确分析了热传导效应对器件红外响应的影响。     

HEMT材料的电子辐射效应

用能量为１～１．８ＭｅＶ、注量为１０￣（１３）～１０￣（１０）／ｃｍ￣２的电子，对ＨＥＭＴ（高电子迁移率晶体管）材料进行辐照，得到了材料结构中的２维电子气（２ＤＥＧ）的电输运性质随辐照电子能量和注量的变化关系，井进行了讨论．还将该结果与电子辐照Ｐ－ＨＥＭＴ和ＬＴ－ＨＥＭＴ材料的结果进行了比较，对异质结界面的辐照效应进行了分析。     

Hastelloyc—275上激光沉积YBCO超导线材

室温下应用Ａｒ＾＋离子源辅助准分子脉冲激光沉积取向的ＹＳＺ过渡层薄腊地ＮｉＣｒ合金基底上；基底加温至７５０℃，用分子脉冲激光高温超导薄膜于ＹＳＺ／ＮｉＣｒ上，并切割一材，实验结果表明：ＹＢＣＯ超导线材不但为ｃ－轴取向的，同时为在ａ－ｂ平面内织构的，其临界温度Ｔｃ≥９０Ｋ，临界电流密度Ｊｃ≥１×１０＾６Ａ／ｃｍ＾２（７７Ｋ，０Ｔ）。     

约瑟夫逊结光响应的理论计算及YBCO多晶薄膜研究

从理论上分析了约瑟夫逊（Ｊｏｓｅｐｈｓｏｎ）隧道结的光电响应机理；计算了调制光照条件下超导体内非平衡准粒子浓度；基于电阻分路结等效电路模型，估算了不同偏流下的约瑟夫逊结的非平衡光响应电压；还报道了研制的ＹＢＣＯ（ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ）多晶薄膜的结构特征、电特性和红外光响应的部分实验结果。     

超导薄膜制Bolometer器件的微透镜红外增强

采用离子束刻蚀制备线列熔凝石英柱微透镜阵列,准分子激光扫描消融法淀积性能均匀且稳定性良好的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ高温超导薄膜,湿法刻蚀制备导薄膜器件,微透镜阵列与超导薄膜器件用胶粘合构成组合红外探测器,测试了组合器件在１－５ｍ红外波段的光响应特性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.