硒(Ⅳ)-碘化物-维多利亚蓝4R体系共振瑞利散射、二级散射和倍频散射法测定痕量硒(Ⅳ)

在0.16～0.32 mol/L的盐酸溶液中, 维多利亚蓝4R(VB4R)的共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(MFS)均十分微弱. 在过量碘化物存在下, 当硒(Ⅳ)氧化I-形成I-3配阴离子并进一步与VB4R反应形成离子缔合配合物时, 3种散射均大大增强并产生相应的散射光谱. 最大RRS波长位于582 nm, 另在320 nm, 410 nm, 452 nm, 470 nm, 800 nm和940nm处有强度较低的RRS峰;此时最大SOS峰位于810 nm, 并在650 nm和940 nm有两个较小的SOS 峰,而最大MFS峰位于405 nm并在320 nm和475 nm处有两个较小的MFS峰. 在各自的最大散射波长处, 硒(Ⅳ)在0～1.0μg/25 mL(RRS和MFS法)和0～1.5μg/25 mL (SOS法)的浓度范围内与散射强度ΔI成正比. 方法有很高的灵敏度, 对硒(Ⅳ)的检出限分别为0.24 μg/mL (MFS),0.48 μg/mL(RRS)和 0.60 ng/ml(SOS). 3种散射法均可用于痕量硒(Ⅳ)的测量.     

用新洁尔灭测定核酸的共振瑞利散射方法研究

在酸性BR缓冲溶液 ，新洁尔灭（溴化十二烷基二甲基苄铵，BB）与小牛胸腺DNA（ctDNA)鲱鱼精DNA（hsDNA)、鲑鱼精DNA（sDNA)和酵母RNA（yRNA)反应，产生强烈的共振瑞利散射（RRS）增强，其最大散射峰位于470nm处。由此建立测定微量核酸的新分析方法。ctDNA,hsDNA,sDNA和yRNA的测定范围分别为0－4.2μg/mL，0-4.0μg/mL,0-4.6μg/mL,0-12.0μg/mL；检出限（3σ）分别为8.6ng/mL,9.2ng/mL,9.9ng/mL和27.9ng/mL。研究发现RRS强度变化与核酸构象转变有密切联系，因此RRS法有望成为研究核酸构象的有用手段。     

同多钼酸根共振瑞利散射光谱法测定盐酸小檗碱

在弱酸性HCl NaAc缓冲溶液中,同多钼酸根能与盐酸小檗碱阳离子形成离子缔合物.它将导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)大大增强并产生新的RRS光谱,其最大散射峰位于373nm处.盐酸小檗碱在0～3×10-6mol/L范围内其浓度与RRS强度成正比.方法具有高灵敏度,对盐酸小檗碱的检出限(3σ)为8 9ng/mL.方法也具有较好的选择性,用于盐酸小檗碱片中盐酸小檗碱的测定,结果满意.文中还对反应机理及RRS与吸收光谱特征进行了比较研究.     

纳米银催化共振瑞利散射光谱检测痕量肼

在pH 6.2的Na2HPO4-柠檬酸缓冲溶液、水浴60℃条件下,纳米银粒子催化水合肼(N2H4)还原氯金酸(HAuCl4),Au3+被还原成单质金并吸附在金纳米表面,在370nm处有一个较强的共振瑞利散射(RRS)峰。随着N2H4浓度的增大,生成的单质金越多,金纳米的粒径也逐渐增大,使得体系370nm处的共振瑞利散射峰线性强度增大,从而构建纳米银催化RRS分析平台并用于检测N2H4。在选定条件下,N2H4的浓度在0.012 5~3.5μmol/L范围内与共振散射峰强度增加值ΔI呈现良好线性关系,线性方程为ΔIRS=1 297.8C+228.78,检出限为0.006μmol/L N2H4,该法测定了水样中的N2H4,结果令人满意。     

碳纳米微粒共振瑞利散射能量转移测定铬(Ⅵ)

在pH5.0 NaAc-HAc缓冲溶液介质,活化剂邻菲啰啉(phen)、增敏剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)和氧化剂H_2O_2体系中,碳纳米微粒(CNPs)在423nm处产生较强的共振瑞利散射,显色剂茜素红(ARS)的吸收光谱与CNPs的共振瑞利散射光谱(RRS)重叠,二者产生等离子共振瑞利散射能量转移(SPRRS-ET),导致散射光强度降低。Cr(Ⅵ)对H_2O_2具有催化氧化ARS作用,随着Cr(Ⅵ)浓度增加,ARS浓度降低,SPRRS-ET减弱,散射光增强,据此建立测定痕量Cr(Ⅵ)的共振光散射能量转移光谱分析法。Cr(Ⅵ)浓度在0.004~0.16 mg/L范围内与共振光散射增强ΔI呈良好的线性关系,回归方程ΔI423nm=49 442 C+65.1,相关系数0.996 9,检出限8.0μg/L,回收率为96.82%~101.13%,用于环境水样Cr(Ⅵ)的测定,结果满意。     

甲苯胺蓝共振瑞利散射光谱法测定硫酸皮肤素

在适宜pH条件下,甲苯胺蓝与硫酸皮肤素作用形成结合产物时将导致溶液共振瑞利散射(RRS)明显增强并产生新的RRS光谱,最大散射峰位于356.0 nm处.硫酸皮肤素在0.1～4.0 μg·mL-1范围内与RRS强度成正比;检出限(3σ)为 8.5 × 10-2 μg·mL-1.本文研究了适宜的条件和影响因素,考察了共存物质的影响.实验证明,该方法有较好的选择性和灵敏性;应用于合成样品的测定,结果令人满意.     

劳氏紫瑞利共振散射荧光法测定肝素钠

近中性的BR (Britton-Robinson,H3PO4-HAc-H3BO3)缓冲溶液中,肝素钠与劳氏紫形成离子缔合物,在564 nm处生成新的瑞利共振散射(RRS)峰,随着肝素钠浓度的增加RRS峰显著增强,据此建立了劳氏紫瑞利共振散射荧光测定肝素钠的新方法.该方法在0.025～0.500 mg/L内RRS强度与肝素钠浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为ΔI=0.125+16.88p(mg/L).用于肝素钠注射液含量测定,平行6次测定,相对标准偏差为1.67％～3.01％,方法回收率为104.0％～106.4％,结果满意.     

铁氰化钾共振瑞利散射光谱法测定链霉素

在稀HCl介质中,链霉素与K3[Fe(CN)6]在加热条件下反应生成结合产物,导致溶液的共振瑞利散射(RRS)强度显著增强,最大散射峰位于330 nm处.在0.04～3.2 μg/mI的质量浓度范围内,反应体系的RRS强度与药物的质量浓度成正比,反应具有较高的灵敏度,对链霉素的检出限(3σ)为14.0 ng/mL.研究了适宜的反应条件和影响因素,同时考察了共存物质的影响.据此,发展了以K3[Fe(CN)6]为光谱探针的灵敏、简便、快速测定链霉素的新方法.将该方法用于人血清和尿样中链霉素的含量测定,回收率在97.0%～103.5%之间.     

依文思蓝与硫酸依替米星和硫酸奈替米星相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用

在酸性条件下，酸性双偶氮染料依文思蓝（EB）和药物硫酸依替米星（ETS）、硫酸奈替米星（NETS）各自的共振瑞利散射（RRS）强度十分微弱，但EB与ETS或NETS两者相互作用形成的离子缔合物能显著提高RRS强度并产生新的RRS光谱，EB-ETS和EB-NETS体系均在350-400，680-730nm有两个强的散射带，最大散射峰位于713nm处．RRS强度分别与0．2—8．0pg／mL的ETS和0．4—8．0μg／mL的NETS呈线性关系，据此建立了ETS和NETS的测定方法．该方法有较好的选择性，用于市售ETS和NETS注射液中药物含量和临床血药浓度的快速测定，结果满意．     

碘化物-甲基紫体系共振瑞利散射法测定痕量铅

在稀磷酸介质中,铅(Ⅱ)与过量的I-形成[PbI4]2-配阴离子并进一步与甲基紫形成离子缔合配合物时,会 明显增强共振瑞利散射(RRS)强度,最大RRS波长位于327nm.研究了该体系的共振瑞利散射光谱特性、主要影 响因素和反应的最佳条件,在2.0×10-3～3.0×10-2μg/mL范围内,共振瑞利散射强度与铅的浓度成线性关系, 实验结果表明该方法有很高的灵敏度,铅(Ⅱ)的检出限为0.6ng/mL,可用于对自来水中痕量铅的直接测定.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.