香精香料废水降解微生物的筛选及鉴定

山东省某家香精香料厂废水中主要有机污染物是芳香族化合物,以叔丁基苯酚最难降解。为了筛选香精香料废水降解微生物,实验采集上述香精香料厂好氧曝气池的活性污泥为样本,以叔丁基苯酚为唯一碳源,进行筛选并分离出一株能降解废水的微生物。对该微生物的形态、生理生化特征进行鉴定,并对它的16S rDNA基因序列进行分析比对。结果表明,该菌株属于类球红细菌属(Rhodobacter sp.),适应偏盐性和适当芳香有机物的废水环境中生长并能有力地降解废水中的叔丁基苯酚。研究认为该菌株在有关废水处理方面的贡献难以估量。     

人类基因组非冗余Exon/Intron数据库的构建

以Homo.sapiensRefSeq作为原始数据库来构建EID(Exon/Intron Database)可以克服GenBank所带来的冗余问题.通过分析RefSeq基因组数据库中每个CDS(Coding Sequence,编码序列),获得构建EID的相关的数据(基因的定义、基因标识符、基因序列、蛋白质标识符、蛋白质序列、外显子和内含子的数量、大小、总数、非翻译区(UTR)内含子、内含子相位、内含子剪切位点模式).结果表明,人类24条染色体(22条常染色体和2条性染色体,共计2 870 827355 bps)中含有32 157个基因标识符(gene blocks),其中7 398个基因为假基因,4 014个基因发生了可变剪切(Al-ternative Splicing,AS),15 533个基因含有CDS内含子,765个基因含有UTR内含子,2 585个基因不含有内含子,其他的为异常基因.     

网箱养殖患病草鱼细菌分离鉴定与回复感染研究

利用常用细菌分离纯化方法从患病草鱼中分离出7株菌株,分别编号为Ⅰ～Ⅶ;对7株菌株的16SrRNA基因序列进行PCR扩增,均得到长约600bp的片段;将扩增结果进行测序,测序结果输入到美国国立生物技术信息中心(NCBI,http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/),用BLAST工具对序列进行同源性比对分析.结果表明:Ⅰ为沙雷氏菌,同源性达95%;II为腐生葡萄球菌,同源性达99%;III为荧光假单孢菌,同源性达97%;IV为产碱普罗威登斯菌,同源性达99%;V为嗜水气单孢菌,同源性达99%;VI为杀鲑气单孢菌,同源性达97%;VII为不动菌属,同源性达97%.将Ⅰ～Ⅶ号菌株回复感染健康草鱼,结果沙雷氏菌、腐生葡萄球菌、荧光假单孢菌、产碱普罗威登斯菌和嗜水气单孢菌对草鱼的危害较大,而杀鲑气单孢菌和不动菌属的感染症状不明显.     

实验动物相关论文发表状况分析

为了解我国实验动物相关论文发表情况,以"动物实验、实验动物、动物模型、小鼠、大鼠、裸鼠、豚鼠、地鼠、沙鼠、兔、实验犬、实验猴、实验猪"等关键词,检索http://www.ilib.cn/Class.aspx?Query,查询并分析国内论文发表情况,检索http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez,查询并分析我国论文发表情况收录情况。结果显示:①国内发表论文中,动物实验相关论文明显多于实验动物论文;豚鼠、大鼠、实验猪的相关论文数量较多;医药卫生、生命科学和农业科学论文数量占据行业前三位。②PubMed收录论文数量以猴最多,小鼠和大鼠次之,收录我国论文与数据库收录论文的趋势一致;我国与实验动物相关论文被收录数量介于1%到2%之间,但裸小鼠和鸭相关论文所占比例数明显加大,分别占5.8%和4.73%。     

乌江网箱养殖丁(魚歲)细菌的分离与分子鉴定

利用微生物学常用的细菌分离、纯化方法从丁(魚歲)中分离出9株菌株,编号分别为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ.分别扩增出9株菌株的16S rRNA基因约600 bp的片段,并对其测序,将测序结果输入到NCBI(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/)中,用BLAST工具对序列进行同源性比对分析,并利用MEGA4绘制系统进化树,结果表明:9株菌株的16S rRNA基因测序结果分别与不动杆菌(Acinetobacter)、嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophi-la)、希瓦氏菌(Shewanella baltica)、不动杆菌(Acinetobacter)、希瓦氏菌(Shewanella baltica)、霍乱弧菌(Vibriocholerae)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)、杀鲑气单胞菌(Aeromonas salmonicida)、肺炎克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiellapneumoniae)的16S rRNA基因的核苷酸序列同源,同源性分别为96%,99%,99%,97%,98%,98%,99%,98%,98%.9株菌株的系统进化树明显分为3支,Ⅰ和Ⅳ聚为一支,Ⅶ独聚一支,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ聚为一支,其中Ⅱ和Ⅷ相聚,Ⅲ和Ⅴ相聚后再与Ⅵ相聚,最后与Ⅸ相聚.     

Accurate localization and excision of genomic islands in four strains of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas fluorescens</Emphasis>

Mobile genomic islands (GIs) can be excised from the chromosome, then form a circular intermediate and be reintegrated into the chromosome by the GI internal integrase. Some mobile GIs can also be transferred into a new receptor cell by transformation, conjugation, or transduction. The action sites of the integrase are usually flanked direct repeats (DRs) of the GIs. Accurate localization of the flanking sequences is a precondition for determining the mobility of the GI. Mobile GIs are generally associated with transfer RNAs (tRNAs). Based on the correlation between flanking sequences and tRNA sequences, the flanking sequences of 11 putative mobile GIs in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, P. aeruginosa PA14, P. fluorescens Pf-5 and P. fluorescens Pf0-1 were identified. Among the 11 GIs, Pf0-1GI-1 is responsible for benzoate degradation. PAO1GI-1, Pf5GI-2, Pf5GI-3, and Pf5GI-4 were confirmed experimentally to be excised from a chromosome to form a circular intermediate. The action sites of the integrases are these GIs direct repeats. Due to distinct DRs, cutting sites for the internal integrase of PAO1GI-1, Pf5GI-2, Pf5GI-3 and Pf5GI-4 were determined outside the T-loop of the tRNA^Gly gene, outside the anticodon loop of the tRNA^Ser gene and tRNA^Lys gene, and at the asymmetric 3′-end of the tRNA^Leu gene, respectively. PAO1GI-1 and other mobile GIs may be transferred into many different strains that belong to different phyla because of the clear flanking sequences. This study describes basic information about the action sites of the integrases, assesses the mobility of GIs, and can help design and transfer mobile GIs to candidate strains.     

Species-specific aminoacylation of Oryza sativa mitochondrial tRNA^Trp

Accuracy in protein synthesis is essential to the survival of all organisms. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyzed aminoacylation is the basis of the fidelity of protein synthesis[1]. In recent years, the identification of nucleotide determinants, specific…     

Sequencing and analysis of the complete mitochondrial DNA of Russell's snapper (L.russellii)

The entire mitochondrial DNA sequence (mitogenome) of Russell's snapper (Lutjanus russellii) was determined using long PCR and primer-walking methodology,representing the first complete mitogenome accessioned for Lutjanid fishes (16,505 bp,GenBank Accession No.EF514208).The mitogenome was similar in gene composition and order to those of other vertebrates,having 37 structural genes,i.e.,two ribosomal RNAs,22 transfer RNAs,and 13 protein-coding genes.Phylogenetic analyses based on the mtDNA sequence of Russell's snapper supported a close relationship between Lutjaninae and Caesioninae,consistent with taxonomic hypotheses based on morphology.More studies utilizing mitogenomes are needed to resolve high-level relationships among snappers.     

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the attenuated hog cholera virus Lapinized Chinese strain

The genomic sequence of the attenuated hog cholera virus Lapinized Chinese strain (HCLV) was determined from overlapping cDNA clones. The viral RNA of HCLV stain comprised 12 310 nucleotide (nt) including 374 nt and 239 nt at the 5′ and 3′-noncoding region, respectively. The complete genome sequence contained one large open reading frame which encoded an amino acid sequence of 3 898 residues with a calculated molecular weight of 437×10³. Although there were mostly only small differences between the sequence of the HCLV strain and the published sequences of strains ALD, GPE⁻, Alfort and Brescia, there was one notable insertion of 12 nucleotides, TTTTCTTTTTTC in the 3′ non-coding region of HCLV strain. Supported by the National Pandeng Project, Genbank accession number AF091507 Wang Jiafu: born in 1972, Ph. D.     

Analysis of synonymous codon usage and evolution of begomoviruses

Begomoviruses are single-stranded DNA viruses and cause severe diseases in major crop plants worldwide. Based on current genome sequence analyses, we found that synonymous codon usage variations in the protein-coding genes of begomoviruses are mainly influenced by mutation bias. Base composition analysis suggested that the codon usage bias of AV1 and BV1 genes is significant and their expressions are high. Fourteen codons were determined as translational optimal ones according to the comparison of codon usage patterns between highly and lowly expressed genes. Interestingly the codon usages between begomoviruses from the Old and the New Worlds are apparently different, which supports the idea that the bipartite begomoviruses of the New World might originate from bipartite ones of the Old World, whereas the latter evolve from the Old World monopartite begomoviruses.     

Effect of lanthanum ions on tRNAphe structure: Imino proton NMR spectroscopy

The effect of lanthanum ions on the structural and conformational change of yeast tRNA Phe was studied by 1H NMR. The results suggest that the tertiary base pair (G-15)(C-48), which was located in the terminal in the augmented dihydrouridine helix (D-helix), was markedly affected by adding La 3+ and shifted 0.33 downfield. Based pair (U-8)(A-14), which is associated with a tertiary interaction, links the base of the acceptor stem to the D-stem and anchors the elbow of the L structure, shifted 0.20 upfield. Another imino proton that may be affected by La 3+ in tRNA Phe is the tertiary base pair (G-19)(C-56). The assignment of this resonance is tentative since it is located in the region of highly overlapping resonances between 12.6 and 12.2. This base pair helps to anchor the D-loop to the TΨC loop.     

Molecular evolution of rice S 5 n and functional comparison among different sequences

The wide compatibility gene, S ₅ ⁿ , can overcome embryo sac sterility between indica and japonica subspecies of rice. Therefore, it is very important to characterize the features of the S ₅ ⁿ sequence to reveal the origin and evolution of S ₅ ⁿ . In this paper, 26 cultivated rice haplotypes and 22 wild rice accessions harboring S ₅ ⁿ were used to sequence S ₅ ⁿ . The results showed that 15 genotypes among the 48 materials were fully consistent with control cultivar 02428 (CK). The other 33 accessions had different degrees of variation in the S ₅ ⁿ sequence. Variations in the coding region mainly occurred in the second exon and eight materials showed a 10-bp deletion at 1710?C1719 bp, including wild (O. nivara) and cultivated rice, such as IRW501 and Yuetai B. S ₅ ⁿ sequences were not biased and evolved neutrally. The 48 materials could be divided into 4 categories using a phylogenetic tree of the amino acid sequences. Most of the wild rice clustered together, and the cultivated rice clustered into another group. Eight cultivated rice and O. nivara (wild rice) clustered in another group, which were found to lack 10 consecutive bases in exon 2. Eight rice varieties with high numbers of differences in their S ₅ ⁿ coding regions were crossed with testers (typically indica and japonica) to produced test cross F₁ populations. The F₁s were examined for their ability to overcome indica-japonica hybrid sterility. The result showed that the embryo sac fertility of S ₅ ⁿ -containing hybrids increased significantly compared with control hybrids, but there were no differences among the materials with divergent sequences, indirectly proving that S ₅ ⁿ is a non-functional gene.     

An algorithm for the spectral immunity of binary sequence with period 2<Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis></Superscript>

To resist the fast algebraic attack and fast selective discrete Fourier transform attacks, spectral immunity of a sequence or a Boolean function was proposed. At the same time, an algorithm to compute the spectral immunity of the binary sequence with odd period N was presented, here N is a factor of 2 ⁿ ? 1, where n is an integer. The case is more complicated when the period is even. In this paper, we compute linear complexity of every orthogonal sequence of a given sequence using Chan-Games algorithm and k - error linear complexity algorithm. Then, an algorithm for spectral immunity of binary sequence with period N = 2 ⁿ is obtained. Furthermore, the time complexity of this algorithm is proved to be O(n).     

鹅细小病毒CHv强毒株VP3基因克隆及遗传进化

根据Genbank中的鹅细小病毒(GPV)B株全基因序列,设计合成一对引物,应用PCR技术扩增了GPV强毒株CHv的VP3基因片段,将扩增后的VP3基因重组到pMD18-T质粒载体上,并对插入片段进行序列测定,将测序结果及由该结果推导的氨基酸序列与国内外分离的GPV、MDPV、PPV和CPV等不同宿主的细小病毒的VP3进行比对分析。结果表明:中国四川分离的GPV CHv株VP3基因长1 605 bp,编码534个氨基酸,与国内外10株GPV的VP3基因进行比较,核苷酸同源性为93.4%~99.8%,氨基酸同源性为96.5%~99.3%,其变异较小,是GPV保持一个血清型的分子基础。与番鸭细小病毒的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为79.6%和89.9%,而与其他种属的细小病毒同源性均在30%以下,表明它们与GPV CHv株亲缘关系较远。     

Molecular characterization of a K+ channel blocker in the scorpionButhus martensii Karsch

K⁺ channel blockers of scorpion venoms are of important value in studying pharmacology and physiology of specific K⁺ channel of cells. Based on the amino acid sequences of BmP01 previously characterized as a small-conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channel blocker, two “back to back” degenarate primers have been designed and synthesized for inverse PCR strategy, its full-length cDNA has been cloned from the venom gland of the Chinese scorpionButhus martensii. The cDNA is composed of 3 parts: 5′ UTR, ORF and 3′ UTR. The flanking sequence of translation initiation codon ATG is AAAATGA, which is highly conserved in scorpion Na⁺ channel toxin and protozoan genes, suggesting that these genes may have followed a common mechanism for translation initiation. The 3′ UTR contains poly(A) signal AATAAA. The open reading frame encodes a precursor of 57 residues with a signal peptide of 28 residues and a mature peptide of 29 residues. The signal peptide is rich in hydrophobic amino acid residues and its length is significantly different from that of the determined scorpion Na⁺ channel toxin. The deduced amino acid sequence of mature peptide is completely consistent with BmP01 previously determined by primary structure analysis.     

Mutagenesis of Ser24 of Cytochrome b559 α Subunit Affects PSII Acitivies in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

In order to study the functions of cytochrome b559 (Cyt b559) in photosystem two (PSII) activity, mutant S24F of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was constructed using site directed mutagenesis, in which Serine24 (Ser24) locating downstream of Histidine23 (His23) in α subunit of Cyt b559 was replaced by Phenylalanine (Phe). Physiological and biochemical analysis showed that mutant S24F could be grown photoautotrophically or photoheterotrophically. However, their growth rate was slower either on HSM or TAP medium than that of the control; Analysis of PSII activity revealed that its oxygen evolution was about 71% of wild type (WT); The Photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) of S24F was reduced 0.23 compared with WT; S24F was more sensitive to strong light irradiance than the wild type; Furthermore, SDS-PAGE and Western-blotting analysis indicated that the expression levels of α subunit of Cyt b559, LHCII and PsbO of S24F were a little less than those of the wild type. Overall, these data suggests that Ser24 plays a significant role in making Cyt b559 structure maintain PSII complex activity of oxygen evolution although it is not directly bound to heme group.     

Cloning and characterization of vernalization-related gene (ver203F) cDNA 3′ end

Based on the cDNA fragment sequence of vernalization-related geneverc203 cloned by differential screening in our lab, the 5′ primer has been designed. The cDNA 3′ end ofver203 gene (1 197 bp) has been cloned by the RACE method. And it is identified by Northern blotting that its expression is special in vernalization treatment. After comparing the sequence in the nucleotide sequence databases of Genbank, EMBL and DDBJ, the gene has homology withHordeum vulgare jesmonate-induced protein gene. It is suggested that this gene might be related to the signal transduction mediated by jamonate.     

Prediction of a common neutralizing epitope of H5N1 avian influenza virus by in silico molecular docking

The H5N1 avian influenza virus （AIV） has widely spread in Asia, Europe and Africa, making a large amount of economic loss. Recently, our research group has screened a common neutralizing mono-clonal antibody named 8H5, which can neutralize almost all H5 subtype AIV ever isolated so far. Obviously, this monoclonal antibody would benefit for research and development of the universal AIV vac-cine and design of the drug against H5N1 AIV in high mutation rate. In this study, the homology modeling was applied to generate the 3D structure of 8H5 Fab fragment, and ＂canonical structure＂ method was used to define the specified loop conformation of CDR regions. The model was subjected to energy minimization in cvff force field with Discovery module in Insight II program. The resulting model has correct stereochemistry as gauged from the Ramachandran plot calculation and good 3D-structure compatibility as assessed by interaction energy analysis, solvent accessible surface （SAS） analysis, and Profiles-3D approach. Furthermore, the 8H5 Fab model was subjected to docking with three H5 subtype hemagglutinin （HA） structures deposited in PDB （ID No： ljsm, 2ibx and 2fk0） respectively. The result indicates that the three docked complexes share a common binding interface, but differ in binding angle related with HA structure similarity between viral subtypes. In the light of the three HA inter-faces with structural homology analysis, the common neutralizing epitope on HA recognized by 8H5 consists of 9 incontinuous amino acid residues： Asp^58, Asn^72, Glu^112, Lys^113, lie^114, Pro^118, Ser^120, Tyr^137, Tyr^252 （numbered as for ljsm sequence）. The primary purpose of the present work is to provide some insight into structure and binding details of a common neutralizing epitope of H5N1 AIV, thereby aiding in the structure-based design of universal AIV vaccines and anti-virus therapeutic drugs.