微腔型传感器的电化学表征及其应用初探

利用微机械加工技术、各向异性腐蚀技术研制了具有三维结构的微腔型传感器，微芯片（3×6mm^2）具有三维腔体（腔深300μm，铂工作电极1．21.2mm^2，Ag/AgCl参比）。工作电极与Ag/AgCl参比集成在同一微 芯片上，作者对微腔型电极进行了电化学特性的表征，并测试了微芯片上Ag/AgCl参比电极的性能，考察了微腔型传感器在化学传感器、生物传感器方面的初步应用。对H2O2，半乳糖进行检测。     

针型复合钨/氧化钨微型pH复合电极的研制及应用

利用自制的钨/氧化钨为p H指示电极,以Ag/Ag Cl电极为参比电极,组装于不锈钢针头内,制成针型钨/氧化钨微型p H复合传感器.该复合p H电极对H+的响应范围为p H=2.0~11.0,能斯特响应斜率为-53.83 m V/p H,响应时间小于1 min.该电极具有机械强度高、响应快、重现性好、制作简单等优点,并已应用于水果原位微区测量,具有较好的效果.     

集成三维力传感器的微夹持器设计与试验 

设计了一种集成三维力传感器微夹持器,通过压电陶瓷堆驱动和柔性铰链放大来实现夹持动作.微夹持器的弹性体为2个L型结构,对L型结构进行了优化设计和受力仿真分析,在2个L型结构的相应敏感部位分别粘贴3组应变片对空间三维力进行测量.通过试验验证了微夹持器的合理性和实用性.
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氧化钨pH传感器制备及其在F-和胶体溶液中的应用

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了氧化钨pH电极，在阳极氧化后的Ag丝表面涂敷掺杂了KCl的改性聚乙烯醇和Nation膜，制备了固态Ag／AgCl参比电极，再由氧化钨pH电极与固态Ag／AgCl参比电极制备成氧化钨pH传感器，该传感器不需要参比溶液与陶瓷隔膜．测试结果表明：在pH值为2～11的范围内，该传感器有良好的电位（V）-pH响应线性关系，响应灵敏度为52．6mV（以pH值变化为1来量度），测量精度可达0．1个pH值；氧化钨pH电极具有耐HF腐蚀的能力，在5％～20％（质量分数）的HF溶液中的响应电位具有重现性，可用于HF溶液的浓度测量；氧化钨pH传感器还可以应用于胶体的测量，其响应时间小于1min．     

基于微悬壁梁结构及抗体-微磁球技术的生化免疫传感器的设计与优化

针对能从大量待检测的生物分子群中,高分辨性及量化检测出某种特异性生物分子的新型免疫传感器的研制,采用有限元分析方法及完整的理论数学模型,设计仿真出这种基于悬壁梁结构及抗体微磁球技术的新型生化免疫传感器,同时实现传感器的可复用性.特别是,此种免疫传感器很容易通过微细加工技术进行批量生产.执行控制电路、读出电路及传感器利用CMOS技术集成在同一芯片上,实现片上集成微系统.针对U型悬壁梁的结构进行了优化设计,结合经典力学的悬壁梁静态应力分布及考虑1/f噪声、白噪声,推导出了U型悬壁梁结构所需的传感器灵敏度、最小感应力,建立了仿真数学模型.应用ANSYS、matlab、femlab等有限元分析软件,设计仿真出悬臂梁表面的微电磁场分布规律.从而得到实现抗体-微磁球技术所需的微电感线圈结构.     

花状Ni(OH)2微球的制备及其对尿酸的快速检测

采用微波辅助水热法制备了均匀分级的氢氧化镍(Ni(OH)₂)微球,通过X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对Ni(OH)₂的组成和形貌进行了表征. Ni(OH)₂微球的平均直径约1.6 μm,复杂的花状结构使其具有较大的比表面积.将微球制备成Ni(OH)₂修饰的玻碳电极,并将其用于0.1 mol/L NaOH溶液中尿酸(UA)的检测,该电极具有良好的电催化活性.这种传感器表现出较宽的线性范围(0.1~1.5 mmol/L)和高灵敏度(475.71 μA ·L/(mmol ·cm2)),且有较低的检出限(1.8 μmol/L).利用电化学测试对内源性干扰物进行检验,发现Ni(OH)₂微球修饰电极对UA的选择性较好.结果表明:Ni(OH)₂微球在研发无酶尿酸传感器方面具有重要的应用潜力.     

适用于深海热液环境的全固态电化学传感器的研究进展

通过熔融碳酸盐氧化法形成的Ir/IrO2电极在各种介质中均具有良好的工作性能,并且适合于制作深海热液环境的pH探测电极,Ta/Ta2O5也具有一定的应用潜力,而W/WO3对H 浓度响应性能差,响应电位与pH之间无线性关系;Ir/IrO2电极和Ag/AgCl参比电极之间电位差与溶液NaCl浓度之间有良好的线性关系,相关系数R2均在0.99以上,可把特定NaCl浓度的海水作为参比电解质,如NaCl浓度偏离指定值,则可按这一线性关系对电位差进行校正.离子强度对海水总溶解S2-的探测有一定影响,但在其浓度小于0.1 mol/L时,这种影响可以忽略.     

一种基于叉指电极的大肠杆菌生物传感器

提出了一种可用于水环境中检测大肠杆菌的生物传感器,该传感器是通过在叉指电极阵列上修饰生物分子制备得到.首先利用微制造技术通过蒸发镀膜、光刻、湿法腐蚀等工艺在基底上制备叉指微电极阵列,然后利用生物修饰技术在叉指电极阵列的微间隙中捕获大肠杆菌,进而在叉指电极表面产生银沉淀,使叉指电极导通.通过测量叉指电极的电导值,可实现对大肠杆菌的定量检测分析.这种叉指电极生物传感器不但可用于大肠杆菌的检测,还可应用于其它微生物的检测.     

微过氧化物酶-11在多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极上的电化学

利用物理吸附的方法将微过氧化物酶-11（MP-11）固定在多壁碳纳米管（MCNT）修饰的玻碳电极表面。研究发现：在pH=7.12磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,修饰电极上的MP-11发生了两电子一质子准可逆的氧化还原反应,式量电位E0’为-298mV（vs Ag/AgCl）,峰电位差ΔEP为39mV。在该修饰电极上MP-11对氧气（O2）和过氧化氢（H2O2）都能进行催化还原,催化还原过程都是扩散控制的过程。而且在信噪比为3时,MP-11对H2O2的最低检出限是0.35mmol/L,表明MP-11在修饰电极上保持了自身的生物活性,该修饰电极有望在生物燃料电池和生物传感器中得到应用。     

基于La0.8Sr0.2Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ/Ag双相复合敏感电极的NO2传感器研究

为了提高NO₂传感器的敏感性能,采用自分相法制备La_0.8Sr_0.2Co_0.2Fe_0.8O_3-δ(LSCF)和LSCF+0.050Ag, LSCF+0.075Ag, LSCF+0.100Ag双相敏感电极,并以YSZ为固体电解质,制备阻抗谱型NO₂传感器,研究Ag的掺杂量对传感器性能的影响。结果表明,与Z′,Z″,|Z|相比,θ作为响应信号时传感器的响应恢复时间更短、响应信号更稳定;以θ为响应信号,基于LSCF,LSCF+0.050Ag, LSCF+0.075Ag和LSCF+0.100Ag敏感电极的传感器在450℃最佳工作温度下的灵敏度分别为11.12°,11.28°,13.62°和9.56°/10,其中LSCF+0.075Ag表现出更高的灵敏度,表现出优异的重现性和长期稳定性;此外,传感器对CH₄,CO₂,H₂,CO和NH₃表现出优异的抗干扰性能。...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with