红霉素生产废水处理试验研究

利用UASB反应器处理红霉素废水试验运行结果表明:通过控制进水中COD浓度和对厌氧污泥有效的培养驯化,红霉素生产废水可以被有效处理,进水COD为6700-7500mg/L,出水COD为820-1000mg/L,反应器水力停留时间25h,容积负荷达到3-4.5kgCOD/(m3.d),COD去除率达到88%.     

高浓度硫酸盐废水厌氧生物脱硫研究

本文对高浓度硫酸盐废水厌氧生物脱硫技术进行了探讨,研究了单相上流式污泥床（UASB）反应器处理高浓度硫酸盐废水启动条件和稳定运行的全过程。利用人工配水成功启动和稳定运行的UASB反应器在硫酸盐容积负荷1.8kg.（m3.d）-1,COD容积负荷5.0kg.（m3.d）-1时相应的硫酸盐和COD去除率分别达到95%左右和35%左右。温度低于20℃或者硫化物浓度高于300mg/L时都会抑制硫酸盐还原,导致硫酸盐和COD去除率降低。温度高于20℃或者硫化物浓度低于300mg/L时,硫酸盐去除率可以保持稳定在90%以上。反应器功能微生物驯化富集成功后,可以保持稳定的硫酸盐和COD去除率,提高进水负荷对其影响不大,能短时间内提高到较高的进水负荷。合理的对反应器进行气体吹脱可以有效脱除废水中游离的H2S降低硫化物对微生物的抑制作用,从而提高硫酸盐去除率和COD去除率。     

UASB反应器处理垃圾渗滤液的启动研究

垃圾渗滤液为难处理的高浓度有机废水,上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)工艺被证明是处理该类废水的有效手段。为此,以一系列不同渗滤液浓度的模拟废水作为进水,对逐步启动UASB反应器进行了动态小试,得出了UASB工艺处理垃圾渗滤液的较快速启动方法。结果显示:接种普通厌氧污泥,逐步增加反应器负荷,经过95 d的运行,完成启动。此时进水COD质量浓度为5 250 mg/L,COD去除率为85%,容积COD负荷达8.4 kg/(m3.d),容积产气率为5.0 m3/(m3.d),反应器底部形成少量颗粒污泥。     

厌氧微生物对杂酚废水的适应性研究

利用高效厌氧环境(厌氧颗粒污泥)处理双酚A生产废水,取得了良好的效果.在颗粒污泥和BPA废水的锥形瓶接触实验中,9 h的接触时间即可以使原水的COD去除率约51.2%,其中COD污泥负荷高达37.21 kg/(kg.d);反应器的实际运行实验表明,在低污泥质量浓度的反应器中,9 h的停留时间也可以使COD去除率达到50%.结果显示,颗粒污泥中的厌氧微生物能够较好地适应杂酚废水的毒害抑制,具有一定的降解作用.     

改进型ABR处理太湖富藻水启动研究

在传统ABR反应器格室内添加弹性填料,考察改进型ABR反应器处理太湖富藻水的启动运行,研究格室中微生物特性.试验结果表明:反应器采用"投加接种污泥、静置培养,阶梯提高负荷"的启动运行方式,可以在40d内实现蓝藻成果处理.稳定运行时,反应器对蓝藻化学需氧量(COD)去除率在75%左右,容积产气率在65.9mL/L.d左右,藻毒素的去除率达到90%;改进型ABR反应器中弹性填料这一生物载体在处理蓝藻成功启动中起到关键作用,有利于生物膜的形成,加速反应器中颗粒污泥的驯化,促进反应器格室中微生物产酸细菌与产甲烷菌合理有序的空间分布,从而使反应器具有明显的相分离特征.反应器内格室中污泥蛋白酶活性沿格室沿程递减,而辅酶F420呈递增趋势,这和反应器中细菌与古菌数量变化趋势相对应.     

环流反应器中厌氧好氧耦合生物降解含酚废水

研究厌氧好氧耦合生物体系对含酚废水的处理效果.在反应器Ⅰ中投加体积比为3%的多孔聚亚氨酯载体,反应器Ⅱ不投加载体,利用2个反应器进行对比实验.经过26 d的驯化,反应器Ⅰ可将模拟含酚废水的化学需氧量质量浓度由4 g/L降至100 mg/L, 最快降解速率达到720 mg/(L·h), 污泥体积指数的值稳定在54～110 mL/g间,各项指标均优于反应器Ⅱ;扫描电镜观察发现,附着在载体上的微生物种群与好氧体系不同.体系对含酚废水的处理能力强,降解速度快,抗冲击能力强.     

厌氧流化床处理红霉素废水启动实验研究

对中温(32±2℃)条件下颗粒活性炭(GAC)载体厌氧流化床(AFB)反应器处理红霉素废水启动方法进行了研究。实验表明:采用稳定进水COD基质浓度,控制红霉素废水与人工合成废水比例,以红霉素废水逐步取代人工合成废水的方法,达到了微生物的顺利驯化和反应器较快启动的目的。     

连续投加微生物絮凝剂促进厌氧污泥的颗粒化

将升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器在(35±1)℃下运行102天处理低浓度废水,研究微生物絮凝剂对厌氧污泥颗粒化的影响.结果表明:投加微生物絮凝剂或阳离子PAM(聚丙烯酰胺)对厌氧污泥颗粒化具有促进作用;连续投加微生物絮凝剂的反应器1(R1)运行43天后,容积负荷达3.8 g/(L.d)(以单位容积反应器每天的化学需氧量负荷计),而投加阳离子PAM的反应器2(R2)和对照反应器3(R3)达到同样的容积负荷分别需要44和98天;R1中的颗粒污泥在沉降性能和产甲烷活性方面优于R2中的颗粒污泥;实验结束时,R1,R2和R3的COD去除率分别为94.5%,91.7%和84.0%.     

IC反应器处理洗毛废水启动研究

试验研究了IC反应器处理洗毛废水的启动过程。接种污泥采自嘉兴市某造纸膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)反应器,接种量为20L左右。研究结果表明,采用连续进水,保持进水COD浓度不变,通过改变进水速度以提高容积负荷的方式可在37d完成IC反应器的启动,容积负荷能达到8kg COD/(m3.d),COD的去除率可达70%~0%。启动过程中,VFA的浓度逐渐降低,反应器稳定运行时,VFA的浓度稳定在200mg/L左右。启动结束后,IC反应器内的成熟颗粒污泥沉降性能良好,颜色深黑色,粒径较大,其中粒径在2~4mm之间的占了约51%。     

UASB反应器处理低温低浓度生活污水试验研究(英文)

考察了厌氧处理低温((15±1)℃)低浓度(COD400～600mg·L-1)模拟生活污水试验规模UASB反应器的工作状况及污泥特性。以厌氧消化污泥作为接种物,以葡萄糖为有机碳源的模拟生活污水作为试验用水,采用有机玻璃制成的UASB反应器,有效容积为2.0L,试验历时174个运行日。反应器最高容积负荷达到3.0kg·m-3d-1,COD去除率为30%～50%。在试验运行过程中,反应器内的污泥实现了颗粒化,且沉降性能稳定良好。扫描电镜照片显示,污泥中丝状菌和杆状菌是颗粒污泥中微生物组成的优势种群。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.