兰州百合的组织培养

以兰州百合鳞片作为外植体进行组织培养,分别对其进行芽诱导、增殖、生根培养,得到了兰州百合鳞片组织培养的最佳培养基配方：（1）芽诱导培养基：MS＋BA0．6mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L＋琼脂7．3g／L＋蔗糖30g／L,pH5．8;（2）增殖培养基：Ms＋BA0．8mg／L＋NAA0．05mg／L＋琼脂7．3g／L＋蔗糖30g／L,pH5．8;（3）生根培养基：MS＋BA0．05mg／L＋NAA0．8mg／L＋琼脂7．3g／L＋蔗糖30g／L,pH5．8．观察与分析结果表明,外植体在前两种培养基上的繁殖速率较前人快约15d,第3种培养基与前人的相当,比其快2d．     

兰州百合的组织培养

以兰州百合鳞片作为外植体进行组织培养,分别对其进行芽诱导、增殖、生根培养,得到了兰州百合鳞片组织培养的最佳培养基配方：（1）芽诱导培养基：MS＋BA0．6mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L＋琼脂7．3g／L＋蔗糖30g／L,pH5．8;（2）增殖培养基：Ms＋BA0．8mg／L＋NAA0．05mg／L＋琼脂7．3g／L＋蔗糖30g／L,pH5．8;（3）生根培养基：MS＋BA0．05mg／L＋NAA0．8mg／L＋琼脂7．3g／L＋蔗糖30g／L,pH5．8．观察与分析结果表明,外植体在前两种培养基上的繁殖速率较前人快约15d,第3种培养基与前人的相当,比其快2d．     

Alyssum maritimum(L.) Lam.的组织培养研究

将Alyssum maritimum（L．）Lain．的种子灭菌后,分别接人培养基MS＋6-BA1．0mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L、MS＋6-BA1．5mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L、MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L、MS＋6-BA2．5mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L中,得到无菌苗．取20d的无菌苗叶子切成3minx2mm的小块,接人同样的培养基中诱导芽,在MS＋6-BA2．5mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L培养基上分化得到芽,将芽转入不同NAA浓度MS培养基上生根,实验表明,A．maritimum（L．）Lam．芽诱导最适合的培养基是MS＋6-BA2,5mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L．     

耐盐能源植物海滨锦葵(Kostelezkya virginica)再生体系的建立

对海滨锦葵组织培养再生体系进行了研究，结果表明：1．海滨锦葵茎段外植体较好的愈伤组织诱导培养基组合为MS＋KT1．5mg／L＋IAA2．0mg／L或MS＋6-BA4．0mg／L＋IBA0．2mg／L＋Inositol50mg／L．2．海滨锦葵愈伤诱导不定芽的较好培养基组合为MS＋NAA2．0mg／L＋2iP5．0mg／L和MS＋NAA0．5mg／L＋2iP5．0mg／L．3．海滨锦葵腋芽分化不定芽的较好培养基组合为改良MS（含2倍有机营养）＋KT0．4mg／L＋IAA1．0mg／L．MS基本培养基中适当提高有机营养的含量对腋芽的增殖有促进作用，实验中以有机营养的含量为基本培养基2倍时效果较好．4．不定芽在1／ZMS的培养基中附加IBA1．0mg／L牛根最好．     

多因子正交试验对长春花离体培养条件的筛选

应用正交设计法考察了植物生长物质、蔗糖对长春花愈伤组织诱导、丛生芽诱导和生根培养的影响。最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基为MS＋2，4－D0.8mg/L NAA 1mg/L ZT 0.2mg/L。丛生芽诱导最佳培养基为MS＋6－BA0.2mg L NAA 0.3mg/L＋蔗糖30g/L，最佳生根培养基为1／2MS＋NAA 0.2mg/L IBA 0.2mg/L 蔗糖30mg/L。     

贴梗海棠组培快繁技术研究

对贴梗海棠的外植体进行了愈伤组织和植株再生体系研究．结果表明,带芽茎段为最适外植体;诱导芽的最适培养基为Ms＋6-BA1．0mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L芽生长培养基为MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L;在1／2MS＋NAA0.3mg／L培养基上,生根率为90％．     

猪笼草离体培养及植株再生研究

以猪笼草的幼嫩茎段为外植体进行离体组织培养及植株再生,研究结果表明：以液体培养基1／2MS＋6-BA1．0mg／I．＋NAA0．1mg／L对芽的初始诱导以及固体培养基1／2MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋NAA0．1mg／L对不定芽的增殖效果最好,增殖率达419％;生根培养基以1／4MS＋IBA0．5mg／L＋活性碳（0．01％）为最佳,生根率可达100％．     

兰州百合和野百合组织培养及快速繁殖研究

以兰州百合（Lilium davidii Var.Unicolor (Hoog)Cotton)和野百合（Lilium brownii F.E.Brown ex Miellez) 鳞茎及叶片为外植体获得再生植株，并建立起快速无性繁殖系。兰州百合鳞茎的最佳诱导培养基为MS＋0．6－1．0mg/LBA＋0．2mg/LNAA；芽增殖培养基选MS＋0．5－0．6mg/LBA 0.1mg/L NAA；生根培养基为1／2MS＋0．2mg/l IAA 0.1%活性炭。野百合鳞茎及叶的最佳诱导培养基分别为MS＋0．1－0．5mg/LBA 0.1-0.2mg/L NAA或0.5mg/L IAA和MS＋0.7mg/L BA 0.07mg/L NAA；鳞茎诱导的芽的增殖培养基为MS＋0.2-0.4mg/L BA 0.1mg/L NAA；生根培养基为1／2MS＋0.15mg/L NAA 0.1%活性炭。     

菠萝蜜的组织培养

选取经资源调查及品质分析后获得的优良植株的顶芽和腋芽为材料，诱导腋芽的萌发和不定芽增殖生根．结果表明：从3月下旬到5月上旬是菠萝蜜组织培养大田取材的最佳时间，该时期接种材料污染率（〈50％）及褐变率（〈5％）均较低；启动培养的培养基最佳组合是MS＋6-BA2．0mg／L＋KT1．0mg／L＋GA。0．5mg／L＋蔗糖20g／L，腋芽诱导率为44．6％，KT含量较高（1．0mg／L）有利于腋芽的诱导，诱导率平均为（40％）；不定芽增殖培养的培养基最佳组合是MS＋6-BA1．5mg／L＋KT0．1mg／L＋GA。0．5mg／L＋蔗糖40g／L，增殖率为2．61，蔗糖含量较高（40g／L）有利于不定芽的增殖，增殖率平均为2．34；生根培养以1／2MS＋IBA1．5mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L最好，接种8d开始生根，生根率15．8％，15d根长3～4cm，平均根数3～4条．     

菊花的组织培养研究

以菊花侧芽茎尖做外植体，通过二次表面灭菌，得到茎尖无菌培养物．根据长出丛生芽的芽数的多少，筛选出适合菊花茎尖离体培养的培养基．MS＋6-BA5．0mg／L＋NAA0．01mg/L的固体培养基适宜于诱导侧芽生长出丛生芽；丛生芽转入到MS＋6-BA3．0mg/L＋NAA0．01mg／L培养基上进行继代培养扩大增殖：取长2～3cm的芽苗在1／2MS＋NAA0．1mg/L培养基上生根并形成完整植株．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-