气流槽聚型紧密纺纱系统集聚区长度设计

在研究气流槽聚型紧密纺纱系统前牵伸罗拉、前牵伸皮辊和槽型集聚罗拉对集聚区长度影响的同时,首次利用几何-概率方法表述握持须条钳口截面上一侧伸出的纤维丛长度分布,并通过实验分析得到集聚区长度的计算方法.结果表明:在气流槽聚型紧密纺纱系统中,集聚区长度受前牵伸罗拉半径的影响最大,其随着前牵伸罗拉半径的增大而增大.同时,为保证正常纺纱,避免须条在集聚区断裂造成断头,集聚区长度范围应为伸出钳口纤维累计概率为75%~100%时所对应的长度,纺棉时集聚区长度应该在20.8~38mm之间.     

静电纺丝参数对纳米纤维纱线力学性能的影响

自制静电纺丝纳米纤维机械加捻成纱装置,对其电场进行模拟分析表明,单针头电场强度矢量几乎都指向接收圆盘和圆环,符合试验现象。在制备静电纺丝纳米纤维纱线时,分析各参数对纳米纤维纱线形态及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着圆环至圆盘距离的增大,纳米纤维纱线的平均捻回角呈逐渐变小的趋势,其直径呈增大趋势,纳米纤维纱线的断裂强度及断裂伸长逐渐增大;随着针尖与圆盘中心距离的增大,捻回角有微弱增大的趋势,而纳米纤维平均直径有减小的趋势,纱线的断裂强度先增加后减小,断裂伸长率一直呈现增长趋势;随着圆盘转速的增大,纳米纤维纱线的平均捻回角没有明显的规律,纳米纤维平均直径有下降的趋势,纳米纤维纱线的断裂强度和断裂伸长率都呈逐渐增大的趋势。研究结果对纳米纤维纱线的制备以及纳米纤维在传统纺织品上的应用具有一定的意义。     

喷气纺纱成纱机理研究

从50年代末美国 Du Pont 公司提出利用缠绕方法纺纱到现在,喷气纺纱在设备上得到了很大的发展。但是,对于这种纺纱方法的加捻与成纱机理的研究却是非常少的。本文提出了喷气纺纱过程中假捻区捻度形成的一种机理,可以用来解释单、双喷嘴情况下的捻度分布情况。通过对村田(孪生双喷嘴)及 Du Pont(单喷嘴)纺纱原理的对比研究,提出了包缠纤维的形成机理。分析表明,由于村田原理喷嘴的安排使第1喷嘴与前罗拉钳口之间纱线的自转与气圈回转的方向相反,推后了边缘纤维被纱线夹持的位置,使较多的边缘纤维有可能在纱线中成为有效的包缠纤维。进而阐述了喷气纱的特点:毛羽的单向性、包缠纤维及纱芯捻度的不均匀性、单、双喷嘴成纱条件和成纱质量的区别,主要纺纱参数对纱线强力的影响等。     

倍捻锭纱线张力变化的分析计算

研究当气圈底盘（或称锭盘）是锥面盘时倍捻锭纱线张力变化的分析计算,求得该锥面盘的力学作用是可以降低纱线在刚脱离储线盘进入该锥面盘时的初始张力。并对一种弹头式张力调节器进行力学分析（这种调节器呈弹头形而非球形,故不能在空心锭内的锥座上自由转动）。然后再对空心锭内的纱线张力变化进行分析计算。     

U型管油水分离特性及影响研究

目前T型管式分离技术分离效率较低,为提高油水分离效率,提出一种U型管式分离结构.为验证新型管式分离结构的性能,利用Fluent定量研究了外部参数对U型管油水分离装置内部流场的变化规律,主要研究因素包括入口速度、入口含油率、旋转半径、油滴粒径等参数对U型管分离效率的影响.主要得出如下结论:混合物入口速度对分离效率影响较大,随着入口速度的增大,油水分离率分离率减小;油水分离率随着U型管旋转半径增大而增大,但当旋转半径超过0.6 m时,分离效率不再显著增加;油水分离率随着油滴粒径的增大而逐渐提高.研究结论为油水分离U型管设计提供了参考.     

气流槽聚型紧密集聚纺力矩传递分析

为了探讨气流槽聚型紧密集聚纺纱系统集聚区内的力矩传递,首先分析了集聚区内纺纱张力矩和气流力矩的传递过程,然后分析了纱线自身回转产生的扭矩与纺纱张力矩和气流力矩的关系.研究结果表明:影响力矩传递的主要参数有纺纱张力、吸气负压值等;纺纱张力矩与气流力矩决定捻度是否会越过纤维束与凹槽底部的初始接触点上传至前钳口;适当提高吸气负压值可以缓解纺纱张力.     

爆震室内气体混合过程的数值模拟

气云爆震与燃料/空气的混合程度密切相关. 为研究填充后爆震室内燃料和氧化剂的混合情况,采用大型计算流体力学仿真软件对爆震室内燃料和空气的填充混合过程进行数值模拟,并着重研究了入口直径、入口速度以及填充的燃料与氧化剂的质量比等参数对爆震室内燃料/空气混合均匀所需距离的影响. 计算结果表明,爆震室内燃料/空气混合均匀所需的距离与燃料和空气的入口速度的比值有关,随着燃料入口速度与空气入口速度的比值的增大(减小或不变),乙炔和空气混合均匀所需的距离相应增大(减小或不变).     

水平轴风力机三维尾流场的实验研究

以100W水平轴风力机为研究对象,利用三维超声波风速仪在风轮下游进行尾迹流场的速度测量.采用超声波时差法,获得风轮下游的三维尾流场信息.实验结果表明:风轮下游尾迹区内的流动存在明显的三维特性.由于风轮旋转和来流衰减,使得风力机尾迹区轴向速度存在严重的亏损,且尾迹区轴向速度亏损随着风轮下游轴向距离的增大逐渐减弱.但由于风轮旋转时叶尖涡脱落,在距测量中心径向较远处出现高速度区域.径向速度和切向速度在3倍风轮直径截面处最大,随着轴向距离的增大逐渐减小,且径向速度和切向速度的波动频率随着径向距离的增大逐渐减小.尾流场的湍流强度在风轮旋转半径内高于半径外,随着轴向距离的增大,湍流度先增大后减小,在远尾流区与大气来流逐渐融合,且流动逐渐趋于稳定,在8倍风轮直径位置处适合布置下游风力机.     

减羽喷嘴中纱线运动状态研究

分析了喷嘴内纱线运动状态、受力、旋转速度等,探讨减少纱线毛羽的机理及减羽的可行性,得出纱线旋转速度与纱线直径、纱线气圈速度、解捻过程、喷嘴结构参数的关系.同时分析了"假捻-解捻-包缠"减少毛羽的机理.纱线毛羽在气流的作用下被包缠在纱体周围.通过计算特定条件下纱线通过喷嘴的时间,及毛羽包缠纱体的时间,并比较得出毛羽可以包缠在纱体周围.     

优化工艺减少赛络纺牛仔纱毛羽的探讨

探讨了由普通细纱机自行改造的赛络纺纱机减少牛仔纱毛羽的工艺条件.正交试验选取前区隔距、纱线捻度、后区牵伸、钢丝圈型号、锭速和喇叭双口隔距等6个工艺参数为考察因素,通过极差分析、回归分析、双因子交互作用效应分析,最终选定最优纺纱工艺为:喇叭双口隔距8 mm,锭速12 000 r/min,钢丝圈6903 9#,前区隔距45 mm,后区牵伸倍数1.10,捻度30捻/10cm;按照此最优工艺生产的纱线毛羽最少,平均每米纱线1 mm以上毛羽数为69.16根,3 mm以上毛羽数为0.52根.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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