化妆品中防腐剂碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯检测方法

从样品前处理和测定技术发展两方面介绍近年来国内外使用的新型防腐剂碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯的检测方法.着重介绍了高效液相色谱法和气相色谱法在防腐剂碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯检测方面的应用.     

固相萃取-气相色谱法测定调味品中的9种防腐剂

建立了一种简单、快速、准确的固相萃取-气相色谱法,用于分离和测定调味品中常见的9种防腐剂(山梨酸、苯甲酸、脱氢乙酸、6种尼泊金酯类),样品经C18固相萃取柱净化,气相色谱测定,外标法定量。9种防腐剂在0.10×10-4~1.00×10-4g.mL-1范围线性良好,相关系数为0.991 6~0.998 7,回收率为90.72%~109.43%,相对标准偏差为1.25%~4.10%。方法净化效果好,可以满足日常食品中多种防腐剂的检验要求。     

饮料中6种防腐剂的高效液相色谱法同时测定

目的：建立高效液相色谱法同时测定饮料中苯甲酸、山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯等6种防腐剂的分析方法。方法：样品用水溶解,去除蛋白后过滤待测。检测时以甲醇-乙酸铵（0.02M）为流动相,经梯度洗脱,在238nm波长处进行检测,以外标法定量。结果：6种防腐剂的加标回收率在93.2%～103.8%,相关系数0.9996～0.9999,检出限0.01～0.03g/kg。结论：本方法简单,快速,灵敏度高,重现性好,可以满足饮料中防腐剂的检测要求。     

气相色谱法测定食品中多种防腐剂及抗氧化剂

目的：建立一种程序升温快速测定食品中多种防腐剂（富马酸二甲酯（DMF）、山梨酸（SA）、苯甲酸（BA）、脱氢乙酸（DHA）、尼泊金甲酯（MP）、尼泊金乙酯（EP）、尼泊金丙酯（PP）、尼泊金异丁酯（IBP）、尼泊金丁酯（BP）、尼泊金庚酯（HP））和抗氧化剂（BHA、BHT、TBHQ）。方法：样品酸化后用乙酸乙酯提取,采用HP-5色谱柱,优化色谱条件,可将上述多种防腐剂和抗氧化剂很好的分离。结果：防腐剂及抗氧化剂在8.0～500μg/mL范围内呈很好的线性,相关系数均在0.9997以上,检出限在0.8～2.5μg/mL,加标回收率为87.5%～106.7%。     

Sch(o)llkopf手性试剂的合成工艺研究

介绍了Sch(o)llkopf手性试剂的合成工艺,以D-缬氨酸为原料,经保护,氯甲酸叔丁酯活化后,与甘氨酸甲酯盐酸盐反应得甲基-N-(叔丁氧基羰基)-D-缬氨酸甘氨酯;酯加热成环后,与三甲氧嗡四氟化硼盐反应得Sch(o)llkopf醚,总收率为51.8%.     

毛细管电泳法检测饮料中的防腐剂

建立了毛细管电泳同时测定山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯4种防腐剂的分析方法.以20 mmol/L硼酸-硼酸钠（pH值10.0）为缓冲液,在有效长度为41 cm、内径为50 μm的石英毛细管中,当分离电压为15 kV时,4种防腐剂在9 min内完全分离.在该条件下,分析物的峰面积与其质量浓度在10～1000 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,回收率范围为95.4%～103.7%,多次测定结果的相对标准偏差小于4.5 %.实验表明,该方法应用于饮料中山梨酸、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯和对羟基苯甲酸丙酯的分离检测时,简单快速且结果可靠.     

聚苯乙烯三乙醇胺树脂的相转移催化作用

摘要:聚苯乙烯三乙醇胺树脂能够作为催化剂应用于酯的水解,C-取代反应(α-丁基苯乙腈的合成),O-取代反应(醚和酯的合成),N-取代反应(N-取代邻苯二甲酰亚胺的合成),卤素取代反应(正丁基碘的合成)和缩合反应(苄叉丙酮的合成)中,催化效果良好,是一种新型高分子相转移催化剂.     

药物中间体乙酸苯酯的绿色合成研究

以离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基-咪唑四氟硼酸盐(BMIMBF4)为催化剂和反应媒介,苯酚和乙酸酐为原料合成乙酸苯酯,考察了离子液体用量、底物配比、反应温度和时间对合成乙酸苯酯反应性能的影响.结果表明,反应8 h乙酸苯酯的产率即可达86%.该方法反应条件温和,不使用任何有毒有害的催化剂和易挥发的有机溶剂,合成工艺简单,对设备要求低,产率高,离子液体可以循环使用,是一种绿色高效的合成乙酸苯酯的新方法.     

水溶液中IBX氧化苯二甲醇的研究

本文成功在水溶液中用IBX(o-碘酰基苯甲酸)氧化1,2-苯二甲醇、1,3-苯二甲醇及1,4-苯二甲醇三种芳香二元醇合成得到相应的醛.考察了反应时间对苯二甲醇转化率的影响,在IBX与苯二甲醇的物质的量之比为1∶1时,三种苯二甲醇的转化率分别为63％、47％和60％,主要产物为相应的羟甲基苯甲醛;在IBX与苯二甲醇的物质...     

新型N-苯并咪唑基-2-取代手性氨基醇类化合物的合成及其表征

以2-氯苯并咪唑为原料,通过硝化反应和溴化反应,分别合成其硝化和溴化产物;再以二异丙基乙氨为溶剂,和D-苯甘氨醇反应,合成了一系列新型含苯并咪唑手性氨基醇类化合物,并对各产物进行了核磁共振(NMR)、红外(IR)、质谱(MS)表征.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.