白菜型油菜RAV基因的克隆及表达分析

基于拟南芥RAV类转录因子的序列,通过RACE方法获得白菜型油菜RAV基因的cDNA序列,全长1 306bp,其中包括5′-UTR109bp,3′-UTR171bp,开放阅读框1 026bp,编码341个氨基酸,预测蛋白分子量为38.03u,理论等电点为9.2,含有相对保守的AP2和B3结构域.多序列比对和系统进化分析表明,油菜RAV与拟南芥RAV1具有很高的一致性,为88.0%.实时荧光定量PCR结果表明,油菜RAV基因受低温和盐胁迫的诱导,推测该基因在响应非生物胁迫中发挥重要作用.     

斜带石斑鱼肝脂酶和脂蛋白脂酶基因克隆与序列分析

为从分子水平研究海水鱼类肝脂酶(hepatic lipase,HL)和脂蛋白脂酶(liportein lipase,LPL)基因在脂质代谢过程中的作用及其分子系统进化地位,采用RT-PCR及RACE法从斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)肝脏克隆得到HL、LPL基因cDNA全序列.克隆获得斜带石斑鱼肝脏HL基因cDNA全长2 261 bp,其中5′非翻译区(5′-UTR)为186 bp,3′-UTR为590 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为1 485 bp,编码494个氨基酸;LPL基因cDNA全长2 191 bp,其中5′-UTR为 144 bp,3′-UTR为 499 bp,ORF为1 548 bp,编码515个氨基酸.序列同源性分析表明,斜带石斑鱼HL、LPL基因与哺乳动物同源性均低于真骨鱼类罗非鱼、斑鳢和真鲷等,这与其亲缘远近关系相一致,表明HL、LPL在进化过程中都相对保守.构建系统发生树显示,斜带石斑鱼HL、LPL基因氨基酸序列与大口黑鲈、真鲷等共同占据进化树上独立的分枝,与较为原始的硬骨鱼类中华鲟在进化树上距离较远.本实验对斜带石斑鱼HL、LPL基因同源性、系统进化地位的研究,为进一步研究海水鱼类脂代谢调控机制,预防鱼类脂代谢疾病奠定了基础.     

柽柳ThPR1基因的克隆与表达分析

通过对盐胁迫后刚毛柽柳(Tamarix hispida)7个转录组分析,鉴定获得病程蛋白相关基因PR1(命名为ThPR1)全长cDNA序列,该基因全长756 bp,编码区长537 bp,编码含178个氨基酸的蛋白质,分子质量为20.53 ku,理论等电点(pI)为9.75。为了研究该基因对逆境胁迫的应答情况,采用实时定量RT-PCR技术分析了刚毛柽柳在PEG、NaCl胁迫及外源ABA处理后不同组织中基因的表达。结果表明,NaCl会诱导ThPR1基因在根和叶中的表达,而PEG和ABA处理则抑制该基因在根和叶中的表达。     

油菜MAP激酶基因BnMPK6基因的克隆及表达分析

从陇油6号油菜中克隆得到了一种新的MAP激酶基因BnMPK6,全长1521 bp,其中包括1185 bp的开放阅读框,81 bp的5′非翻译区(5′UTR),255 bp的3′非翻译区(3′UTR).与拟南芥AtMPK6同源性达86.9%,因此命名为BnMPK6(GenBank登录号为HQ156228).该基因编码394个氨基酸的蛋白质,分子量44.8 kDa,等电点为5.13.实时荧光定量PCR结果表明该基因表达量随着低温胁迫时间的增长而增高,说明BnMPK6基因受低温胁迫诱导表达.     

2个水稻花发育相关MADS-box基因的全序列cDNA克隆及结构分析

一组具有MADS-box结构域的转录因子在控制花器官的诱导与发育中起着重要作用．以水稻广陆矮4号(Oryza sativa L．Guang-Lu—Ai No．4)幼穗总RNA为模板，根据MADS-box保守区的序列设计简并性引物。利用3′-RACE的方法获得了2个新的水稻花发育相关MADS-box基因，分别命名为FDRMADS3和FDRMADS4；并利用5′-RACE的方法获得了该2个基因完整的cDNA序列，包括完整的编码区，5′-UTR和3′-UTR．它们编码的蛋白质都具有典型的MADS-box结构域和半保守的K区，其与水稻中其他家族成员的MADS-box结构域同源性高达90％以上，这说明它们都是典型的MADS-box基因．     

四膜虫有性生殖过程中特异表达基因TCD3的序列分析

含有CHROMO(chromatin organization modifier)结构域的蛋白参与了染色质结构的调节.本研究从嗜热四膜虫(Tetrahymena thermophila)全基因数据库(www.ciliate.org)和基因表达数据库(tged.ihb.ac.cn)中筛选到有性生殖特异表达TCD3(Tetrahymena chromo domain-containing protein 3)基因.该基因ORF为1 005bp,大核染色体中基因全长1 241bp,含有两个内含子.5′-RACE和3′-RACE表明5′端非编码区(5′-UTR)长度为40bp,3′端非编码区(3′-UTR)长度为90bp.TCD3基因预测编码334个氨基酸构成,含有一个CHROMO结构域.CHROMO结构域聚类分析表明四膜虫Tcd3蛋白可能与线虫CeCDP功能类似,参与异染色质的形成和DNA序列删除.     

沙冬青AmDREB1F基因的克隆与表达载体构建

DREB(dehydration responsive element binding protein)类转录因子在植物耐逆性中起重要作用.利用RNA-Seq技术从蒙古沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)中鉴定出一个受低温和干旱强烈诱导的DREB基因,并用PCR方法克隆到其完整编码区的cDNA和gDNA.二者均由726bp组成,故无内含子.推测其蛋白产物含241个氨基酸残基和1个保守的AP2结构域及核定位信号,很可能定位于细胞核.因为与拟南芥等植物DREB1F蛋白同源性较高,故将该基因命名为AmDREB1F.将其编码区cDNA片段成功构建到植物表达载体pCAMBIA3301上,为进一步研究其功能奠定了基础.     

小黑麦NAC转录因子基因TwNAC01克隆及生物信息学分析

NAC(NAM、ATAF1/2、CUC2)是在调控植物发育、衰老、生物与非生物逆境以及激素反应等方面具有重要作用的一类转录因子。为探索六倍体小黑麦耐干旱机制,本研究以六倍体小黑麦为材料,利用快速扩增cDNA末端(RACE)与反转录·聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)技术克隆到1条NAC转录因子cDNA全长,分析了其生物信息学特点,同时利用实时定量PCR技术分析其在干旱胁迫下的组织部位表达特点。结果表明,所克隆小黑麦基因ORF全长1 059 bp,编码352个氨基酸。该基因预测蛋白中具有NAM亚家族保守的氨基酸序列,且其预测蛋白氨基酸序列与山羊草中的NAC转录因子氨基酸序列同源性高达90%以上。该基因预测蛋白属亲水性蛋白,无跨膜结构域与信号肽区域,二级结构包含45个α-螺旋,57个β-折叠和250个无规则卷曲。预测蛋白定位于细胞核内。在干旱胁迫下,该基因在开花后22 d的小黑麦幼粒和根部的表达量明显高于茎和叶,且表达量显著受干旱胁迫诱导。可见所克隆的基因为小黑麦NAC转录因子,将其命名为TwNAC01(GenBank登录号为MG736919),其在小黑麦抗旱应激反应中具有重要作用。小黑麦NAC转录因子基因TwNAC01的克隆对于揭示小黑麦的抗旱性机制以及小黑麦抗旱基因工程育种具有重要意义。     

斜带石斑鱼白细胞介素8基因的克隆与表达分析

为了研究斜带石斑鱼(Epinephelus coioides)白细胞介素8(IL-8)的结构和功能,本实验对其基因序列进行了克隆和分析. 运用RACE-PCR方法,从斜带石斑鱼总RNA反转录cDNA库中获得了961 bp 长的cDNA全序列. 同时利用RT-PCR 技术,检测了微壁溶球菌诱导前后该基因在斜带石斑鱼体内不同组织之间的表达差异. 结果表明,斜带石斑鱼IL-8cDNA序列包含235 bp 的5′非编码区,438 bp的3′端非编码区和288 bp 的开放阅读框,编码95个氨基酸. 未诱导前,斜带石斑鱼IL-8基因主要在心、头肾、脾和肝脏中表达,在鳃和肠中量表达,在胃、肌和皮中几乎没有表达;诱导后,IL-8基因强烈表达于所有取样器官. 所获得的斜带石斑鱼IL-8基因是一种与炎症作用有关的CXC亚族趋化性因子.     

甘蓝型油菜BnbHLH92基因的克隆与表达分析

为研究甘蓝型油菜bHLH转录因子的功能,采用同源克隆技术从甘蓝型油菜中克隆了5个BnbHLH92基因全长cDNA序列,分别命名为BnbHLH92-1、BnbHLH92-2、BnbHLH92-3、BnbHLH92-4、BnbHLH92-5,其编码区长度分别为738,657,684,741,717bp.qRT-PCR实验表明,除BnbHLH92-1外,其它的BnbHLH92基因主要在抽薹期和花期的根中表达,BnbHLH92-1主要在抽薹期和花期的根以及二叶一心期的叶中表达.非生物胁迫显著影响BnbHLH92基因的表达,使其表达量升高.低温胁迫下,BnbHLH92基因分别在胁迫后4、6、6、6、6 h表达量达最高.高温胁迫下,5个BnbHLH92基因分别在胁迫后2、6、6、8、4 h表达量达最高.盐胁迫下,BnbHLH92基因分别在胁迫后6、6、24、24、24 h表达量达最高.在ABA诱导下BnbHLH92基因表达量也有不同程度的增加,分析发现BnbHLH92基因的启动子序列上存在ABA响应元件(ABRE).     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.