三叉树模型在可转债定价中的应用

随着社会主义市场经济制度的不断完善我国的资本市场得到了不断的深化与发展,与此同时我国的资本市场在发展过程中又确实表现出了许多先天性的不足与缺点。其中最制约我国资本市场发展的因素莫过于资产品种的匮乏与股权结构的单一。立足于中国市场,借用国外发达资本主义国家的成熟经验与技术,介绍了可转换公司债券这一金融复合衍生产品。通过对股票价格的预测与建立三叉树模型对纯债券价值进行估计的方法综合考虑可转债这一复合金融产品的价格确定方法,同时也使得读者对可转债的认识由感性上升到理性。通过验证中国第一支公开发行的可转债——阳光转债的定价情况来验证了此理论的合理性与可行性。结果表明,所提出的理论是基本适合我国资本市场的,但是在各种条款的综合考虑上还有改进的空间。     

可转换公司债券条款设计的合理性探讨

通过对2005年5月可转债市场中闹得沸沸扬扬的可转债事件入手进行剖析,分析我国可转债条款设计随着市场的变化而暴露出的一些问题,着眼中国市场发展的实际,对可转债条款的设计提出了相应的解决办法,以期能对中国可转债市场的发展有些帮助.     

可转换债券定价的三叉树方法

可转债是我国资本市场上的新型金融工具，因其独特的金融性质，受到越来越多投资者的关注和欢迎，对其定价理论的研究具有一定的理论和实际意义.文章采用三叉树方法，考虑了可转债的复杂条款以及发行者的违约风险，通过合理确定边界条件及其相关参数建立了可转债的三叉树定价模型，并以金牛、万科2只转债为例进行了实证分析.     

奇异期权与中国可转债定价

可转换债券是一种含有奇异期权的公司债券。为了给可转换债券提供一种精确的定价方法,引入了最小二乘Monte Carlo模拟法,处理美式和路径依赖型奇异期权的定价问题。用这种定价方法,计算出中国市场上现有的24种可转债的理论价格,并与市场价格进行了比较。实证结果表明:该方法的平均定价误差在时间序列和横截面上都不超过1%,并且它的标准差约为2%。这说明:本方法在中国可转债定价中优于其他数值方法;中国的可转债市场存在套利机会。     

基于双因素的三叉树模型在可转债的应用研究

本文探索一种符合中国市场并且科学合理有效的可转债定价方法,将信用风险与利率期限结构引入三叉树模型之中,考虑了可转债的复杂条款,建立了基于股价和利率的双因素可转债定价模型.此外,本文对模型进行实证研究,结果验证了模型的有效性,证明模型具有良好的市场切合度.最后,模型与几个已有定价模型相比具有更高市场定价精度.     

奇异期权与中国可转债定价

可转换债券一种含有奇异期权的公司债券。为了给可转换债券提供一种精确的定价方法,引入了最小二乘Monte Carlo模拟法,处理美式和路径依赖型奇异期权的定价问题。通过这种定价方法,计算出了中国市场上现有的24个可转债的理论价格,并与市场价格进行了比较。实证结果表明:该方法的平均定价误差在时间序列和横截面上都不超过1%,并且它的标准差约为2%。这说明,本方法在中国可转债定价中优于其他数值方法;中国的可转债市场存在套利机会。     

我国可转换债券条款设计研究

作为一种混合型金融工具，可转债以其独特的性质越来越为我国上市公司和投资者们所接受，而如何设计合理的条款是可转债发行成功的基础。文章在分析可转债条款设计目的和思路的基础上，分别对可转债各主要条款的设计进行研究，并结合我国的实际情况提出了发行人在条款设计过程中应注意的几个问题。     

基于B-S定价模型的包钢转债定价

可转换债券是一种介于债券和股票之间的融资工具。本文首先介绍了基于B-S模型的可转债定价模型,对包钢转债进行了案例分析,计算了可转债的理论价值,与二级市场价格进行了比较,分析了产生偏差的原因。     

基于投资者情绪的基础可转债定价研究

将行为金融理论引入基础可转债定价之中,构建了投资者情绪下的基础可转债定价模型。投资者情绪通过影响市场贴现率和股票波动率,进而影响基础可转债的价格。数值模拟结果表明,投资者对市场贴现率过度乐观将提高基础可转债的价格,反之,将降低其价格。投资者对预期股票波动率过度乐观将降低基础可转债的价格,反之,将提高其价格。     

上市公司股权融资偏好的原因和政府对策的研究

根据沪深两市证券市场中上市公司的配股、增发和可转债的相关数据对股权融资偏好进行研究。发现现阶段导致股权融资偏好的原因在于国内资本市场结构不合理、股权融资监管约束减少等方面。股权融资偏好会对企业经营、资本市场的正常资源配置产生不好的影响。政府应该采取完善法规等政策纠正上市公司存在的不当股权融资偏好。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.