低成本无团聚纳米氧化锌的制造

 以硫酸锌、碳酸氢铵为原料,借鉴传统的直接沉淀法生产工艺优点并进行原理性改进,开发出低成本、无团聚、产量大、粒径可控、高品质新型的纳米氧化锌生产工艺,即沉淀-分散法生产工艺.在反应前加入表面活性剂,制得无团聚表面改性的碱式碳酸锌前驱体,用含有表面活性剂的水溶液洗涤,压滤干燥,在380～550℃下保温0.5～1.5h分解制得少团聚的粒径<60nm的纳米氧化锌;然后用无水乙醇作分散介质,将纳米氧化锌球磨2h,进行分散和无团聚化处理,回收乙醇,即制得无团聚、平均粒径35.6nm纳米氧化锌.在实验的基础上分析了纳米氧化锌团聚与分散的机理.     

无团聚Al2O3—ZrO2复合纳米粉末的制备及机理

共沸蒸馏法制备了无团聚Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２复合纳米粉末，用红外光谱研究了正丁醇脱水剂与Ｚｒ（ＯＨ）４－Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３凝胶的表面化学键。ＴＥＭ观察该复合粉末的平均粒径约２０ｎｍ，无硬团聚形成，干压成型的坯体气孔呈单峰分布，只有一次颗粒间气孔，烧结温度比末处理的粉末降低了３００℃，经１３００℃保温４ｈ的烧结体相对密度达０．９７７５，平均晶粒尺寸０．２μｍ，共沸蒸馏消除团聚的机理是由于正丁醇脱除了氢氧化     

硬团聚纳米氧化镁对重金属废水的处理

采用烧制得到的氧化镁,通过两种途径研究了其对重金属离子废水的处理,结果表明,制得的氧化镁具有很大的表面能和反应活性,当溶液中的Cd2 离子处于低浓度时,加入络合剂后,以Cd2 离子为微粒形成络合物,并在氧化镁的作用下沉淀除去,达到进一步净化水质的目的。同时,处理后的水质远远好于国家规定的排放标准GB 8978-1996。     

MgO纳米粉制备及表征

以六水合硝酸镁为原料,以尿素分解产物为沉淀剂,以乙醇为反应介质,制备出氢氧化镁凝胶,反复冷冻－离心干燥,在773K下焙烧,制得氧化镁粉体。经XRD、BET、TEM表征,所获的氢氧化镁团聚程度小,平均粒度为26nm,属于立方晶系,对结果进行了讨论。     

声波团聚微粒技术的进展与分析

传统的旋风分离器很难捕集５－１０μｍ以下的微粒，目前正在微粒声波团聚强化旋风分离技术，以期解决此问题。文中综合论述了国内外声波团聚方面尼典和现代的理论分析及实验方法，通过对冷态下声波团聚微粒的实验，得出了一些有益的结果。     

氢氧焰燃烧制备纳米二氧化硅的团聚现象及流化特性

利用氢氧焰燃烧合成的纳米二氧化硅颗粒,研究了其自发团聚现象及流化过程中的二次团聚行为,考察了流化床床层压降随操作气速和温度的变化,以及颗粒表面能及热处理温度对起始流化速度的影响。结果表明：在范德华力等粘性力作用下,纳米二氧化硅颗粒形成团聚体,团聚体粒度随二氧化硅颗粒表面吸附水分的增多而增大;纳米二氧化硅颗粒在流化过程中,一次团聚体在流体力作用下进一步团聚形成二次团聚体;流化停止后二次团聚体解体,此时纳米二氧化硅的团聚行为与流化前无明显差异;热处理温度对纳米二氧化硅颗粒起始流化速度影响不大,但纳米二氧化硅颗粒的起始流化速度随颗粒表面能的减小而显著降低,而且颗粒的表面处理对床层塌落与膨胀行为具有重要影响。     

低品位菱镁矿制备纳米氧化镁的工艺优化研究

研究了低品位菱镁矿煅烧工艺优化及其对纳米氧化镁产品性能的影响问题.为了保证轻烧镁粉的活性和低品位菱镁矿的充分利用,通过调节煅烧温度和时间,发现低品位菱镁矿煅烧的适宜工艺条件为750℃煅烧1.5 h.以此法得到的轻烧镁粉为原料,配合工业级硫酸铵和碳酸氢铵以及自制的复配型表面活性剂,采用液相均匀沉淀法,制得平均粒径为60 nm的纳米氧化镁粉体,优选的沉淀反应条件为85℃下反应85 min,优选的前驱体煅烧工艺条件为550℃下煅烧1.5 h.利用激光粒度分析仪、XRD衍射仪及扫描电镜表征了产品性能,结果表明,本实验方法制得的纳米氧化镁粉体颗粒形状均匀,粒径分布窄,分散性良好.     

基于颗粒团聚理论的纳米制冷剂导热系数计算

用基于颗粒团聚理论的导热系数算法计算了2种铜-水纳米流体在不同配比下的导热系数并与实验数据对比,证明了算法的可行性.使用该算法计算了5种铜-R22纳米制冷剂在不同配比下的导热系数.计算结果表明,颗粒团聚理论和热阻网络法是进行纳米制冷剂导热系数研究的有力工具.     

二氧化硅气凝胶的纳米结构与分形特性

二氧化硅气凝胶是溶胶－凝胶法经超临界干燥工艺制得的新型轻质纳米多孔材料。用ＢＥＴ、ＳＥＭ、ＳＡＸＳ等手段研究了其纳米结构，发现不同催化剂条件下制备的气凝胶纳米结构不同，且具有不同的分形特征，同时，对干燥过程、陈化过程等对气凝胶纳米结构的影响也作了研究与讨论。     

无团聚Al_2O_3－ZrO_2复合纳米粉末的制备及机理

共沸蒸馏法制备了无团聚Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３－ＺｒＯ_２复合纳米粉末。用红外光谱研究了正丁醇脱水剂与Ｚｒ（ＯＨ）_４－Ａｌ（ＯＨ）_３凝胶的表面化学键。ＴＥＭ观察该复合粉末的平均粒径约２０ｎｍ，无硬团聚形成，干压成型的坯体气孔呈单峰分布，只有一次颗粒间气孔。烧结温度比未处理的粉末降低了３００℃，经１３００℃保温４ｈ的烧结体相对密度达０．９７７５，平均晶粒尺寸０．２μｍ。共沸蒸馏消除团聚的机理是由于正丁醇脱除了氢氧化物颗粒间水分而降低了干燥时产生的毛细管力，且氢氧化物颗粒表面与烷氧基形成物理吸附，消除了水分子氢键在颗粒间的架桥作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-