Synthesis and characterization of monoclinic TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanosheets

A novel two-step method for the synthesis of monoclinic titanium oxide （i.e. TiO2（B）） nanosheets is presented in this report. The method is featured by two steps： 1） synthesis of hydrogen titanate nanosheets, followed by 2） calcination of the titanate nanosheets at elevated temperatures. The hydrogen titanate nanosheets were prepared first by autoclaving anatase TiO2 powders, obtained by air cal- cining an ethanol-gel of Ti（OH）4 at 500℃, in aqueous NaOH （10 mol/L） at 150-200℃, and then by washing with hydro- chloric acid under supersonic irradiation. While sizes of the nanosheets were found to increase with increasing the temperature of the hydrothermal treatment, the calcination at 400-500℃ of the hydrogen titanate nanosheets that were synthesized at higher autoclaving temperatures （180-200℃） produced monoclinic TiO2 nanosheets with a uniform morphology. By contrast, the same calcination of the titanate nanosheets synthesized at the autoclaving temperature 180℃ led to anatase TiO2 nanoparticles.     

酸性水热合成 CeO2纳米颗粒的光学和磁学性质

以CeCl3·7H2 O为铈源、NH3· H2 O为矿化剂、HCl为酸性调节剂,利用水热法成功制备了二氧化铈纳米颗粒．采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM ）、紫外‐可见分光光度计（UV‐Vis）、荧光分光光度计（PL ）、拉曼光谱（Raman）和振动样品磁强计（VSM ）等分析测试手段,对CeO2纳米颗粒的晶相、形貌、光学和磁学性质进行了表征．XRD测试结果表明样品的晶格参数略高于块状CeO2的,并随着pH值的增大而减小．所有样品的形貌均为球形．从紫外‐可见吸收光谱中,估计出的样品直接带隙值小于块状CeO2的,且此值随pH值的增加而增加．pH值为2时合成样品具有室温铁磁性,此性质的出现可能与Ce3＋和氧空位的存在有关．     

CeO2纳米颗粒对A549细胞的保护作用

探讨了CeO2纳米颗粒对体外培养的人肺腺癌细胞A549的生物效应.使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对CeO2纳米颗粒进行了表征,采用噻唑蓝比色法测定了不同质量浓度CeO2纳米颗粒悬液对A549细胞活性的影响,对其抗氧化能力进行了检测,并且测定了30 nm CeO2作用24 h后细胞中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽(G...     

Influence of CeO<Subscript>2</Subscript> addition on the preparation of foamed glass-ceramics from high-titanium blast furnace slag

Foamed glass-ceramics doped with cerium oxide (CeO₂) were successfully prepared from high-titanium blast furnace slag by one-step sintering. The influence of CeO₂ addition (1.5wt%–3.5wt%) on the crystalline phases, microstructure, and properties of foamed glass-ceramics was studied. Results show that CeO₂ improves the stability of the glass phase and changes the two-dimensional crystallization mechanism into three-dimensional one. XRD analysis indicates the presence of Ca(Mg, Fe)Si₂O₆ and Ca(Ti, Mg, Al)(Si, Al)₂O₆ in all sintered samples. Added with CeO₂, TiCeO₄ precipitates, and crystallinity increases, leading to increased thickness of pore walls and uniform pores. The comprehensive properties of foamed glass-ceramics are better than that of samples without CeO₂. In particular, the sample added with a suitable amount of CeO₂ (2.5wt%) exhibits bulk density that is similar to and compressive strength (14.9 MPa) that is more than twice of foamed glass-ceramics without CeO₂.     

γNaF·AlF_3-Al_2O_3-Ceo_2系熔体中CeO_2的活度

利用ZrO_2(+MgO)固体电解质组成氧桥式浓差电池并测得了在不同温度与熔体组成的电池的电动势。由电动势数据进一步求出了熔体中CeO_2活度与各种因素关系的回归方程。讨论了各因素对CeO_2活度的影响。指出CeO_2活度随熔体中CeO_2和Al_2O_3含量的增加而加大,随温度升高略有减小,冰晶石比对它的影响不大。为考查各因素的交互作用,绘制了CeO_2活度的等值图。     

Violet/blue photoluminescence from CeO_2 thin film

CeO2 is a rare-earth oxide which has a face centered cubic fluorite crystal structure. It has fine chemical stabil-ity and high dielectrics (e = 26). Its lattice constant has closely matched to silicon and the dismatch is about 0.35%. It is always investigated as insulator material in the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structures, dielectric mate-rial and the buffer layer between the superconductor Yba2Cu3O7 and the Si substrate[1—6]. Recently, the PL of CeO2 was studied by many groups. The…     

Synthesis and characterization of Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>@SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> magnetic composite nanoparticles by a one-pot process

Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core–shell composite nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a one-pot process. Tetraethyl-orthosilicate was used as a surfactant to synthesize Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core–shell structures from prepared Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The properties of the Fe₃O₄ and Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ composite nanoparticles were studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The prepared Fe₃O₄ particles were approximately 12 nm in size, and the thickness of the SiO₂ coating was approximately 4 nm. The magnetic properties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometry. The results show that the maximum saturation magnetization of the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ powder (34.85 A·m2·kg–1) was markedly lower than that of the Fe₃O₄ powder (79.55 A·m2·kg–1), which demonstrates that Fe₃O₄ was successfully wrapped by SiO₂. The Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ composite nanoparticles have broad prospects in biomedical applications; thus, our next study will apply them in magnetic resonance imaging.     

Hydrogen generation from decomposition of hydrous hydrazine over Ni-Ir/CeO2 catalyst

The synthesis of highly active and selective catalysts is the central issue in the development of hydrous hydrazine(N_2H_4·H_2O) as a viable hydrogen carrier. Herein, we report the synthesis of bimetallic Ni-Ir nanocatalyts supported on CeO_2 using a one-pot coprecipitation method. A combination of XRD, HRTEM and XPS analyses indicate that the Ni-Ir/CeO_2 catalyst is composed of tiny Ni-Ir alloy nanoparticles with an average size of around 4 nm and crystalline CeO_2 matrix. The Ni-Ir/CeO_2 catalyst exhibits high catalytic activity and excellent selectivity towards hydrogen generation from N_2H_4·H_2O at mild temperatures. Furthermore, in contrast to previously reported Ni-Pt catalysts, the Ni-Ir/CeO_2 catalyst shows an alleviated requirement on alkali promoter to achieve its optimal catalytic performance.     

纳米氧化铈的醇热合成及性能

采用醇热法制备了CeO2纳米材料,并以此为载体通过浸渍法制备了CuO/CeO2催化剂.XRD、TEM及N2吸附分析结果表明,所制备的CeO2比表面大且结构有序性好.TPR和XPS分析证实CuO/CeO2催化剂中有不同的铜物种存在.催化性能评价结果则显示焙烧温度影响CuO/CeO2催化剂的催化性能,而且由于组分间的相互作用使得CuO/CeO2的催化活性远远高于单纯CuO和CeO2组分.     

Solid-phase synthesis of Cu<Subscript>2</Subscript>MoS<Subscript>4</Subscript> nanoparticles for degradation of methyl blue under a halogen-tungsten lamp

The Cu₂MoS₄ nanoparticles were prepared using a relatively simple and convenient solid-phase process, which was applied for the first time. The crystalline structure, morphology, and optical properties of Cu₂MoS₄ nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and UV-vis spectrophotometry. Cu₂MoS₄ nanoparticles having a band gap of 1.66 eV exhibits good photocatalytic activity in the degradation of methylene blue, which indicates that this simple process may be critical to facilitate the cheap production of photocatalysts.     

萤石结构铜-铈-氧催化剂组成与催化活性

按不同的Cu,Ce配比制备了5种Cu-Ce-O催化剂,与纯CuO和CeO2相比,其CO催化氧化活性均较高,XRD测试显示,活性最高的（CuO)0.15-(CeO2)0.85催化剂上看不见CuO的特征峰,只显示CeO2的萤石结构特征,说明高活性是由于CuO高度分散在CeO2上所产生的协同效应所致,对反应的动力学处理结果表明,其组成与活性的变化符合Constable标绘的规律,表明它们是同一系列性质相似的催化剂,还对这些催化剂进行了H2－TPR,O2－TPD和CO－TPD的表征以考察它们的氧和一氧化碳吸附量,氧物种易还原程度与活性的关系。     

氧化铈纳米粒子的制备及其生物应用进展

由于铈离子可以在Ce~(3+)和Ce~(4+)之间可逆转换,以及氧空位的存在,氧化铈(CeO_(2-x),x=0～0.5)纳米粒子具有优异的催化特性,作为一种用途广泛的稀土氧化物得到了广泛的关注.Ce原子能够快速而大幅度地调整其电子结构(如产生氧空位或缺陷),以最佳的结构适应其周围环境,具有多种酶类活性(包括超氧化物氧化酶、过氧化氢酶和氧化酶等),可以清除体内产生的各种毒性活性氧.氧化铈在生物分析、生物医学、药物传递和生物支架等生物领域展现出了良好的应用前景.综述了氧化铈的制备方法及其在生物领域的应用进展.     

纳米CeO2的表面改性及其在水介质中的分散性能

采用阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠对纳米CeO₂进行表面修饰,考察了表面改性工艺条件对纳米CeO₂在水介质中粒度分布及Zeta电位的影响,确定了适宜的表面改性工艺条件：改性剂质量浓度60g/L、改性温度25℃、改性时间4h、搅拌速率150r/min,pH 9~11。采用TEM、FT-IR、XRD对改性前后的纳米CeO₂颗粒进行了表征,结果表明改性后纳米CeO₂表面包裹了一层改性剂分子,颗粒在水介质中分散性良好,达到了单分散。此外,采用溶液共混法制备聚乙烯醇（PVA）/ CeO₂纳米复合膜材料,利用UV-Vis分光光度计表征了复合膜材料的光学性能,发现纳米复合膜具有良好的紫外屏蔽性能以及高的可见光透过率,在300~400nm的近紫外光区,复合膜的紫外屏蔽率可达97%,添加5%纳米粒子的复合膜在650nm处的可见光透过率比纯PVA膜降低了3%,保证了复合膜的透明度。     

载体对Au催化剂乙醇部分氧化制氢性能的影响

采用共沉淀制备方法分别制备Au/Al2O3、Au/ZnO、Au/CeO2、Au/Fe2O3催化剂,考察不同载体对乙醇部分氧化制氢性能的影响,并用XRD、H2-TPR、H2-TPD等对各催化剂的晶相结构、表面还原性、吸附性能等进行表征,考察载体对Au催化剂的活性和选择性的影响.结果表明,载体对Au催化剂的催化性能与H2的...     

Preparation and luminescence properties of monodisperse silica/aminosilane-coated Y<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>:Yb,Ho upconversion nanoparticles

Monodisperse silica/aminosilane-coated Y 2 O 3:Yb,Ho nanoparticles are prepared via homogenous precipitation combined with a polyvinylpyrrolidone-assisted ammoniation method.The factors that contribute to the success of the coating are examined,and the procedure is optimized.Compared with uncoated nanoparticles,coated nanoparticles exhibit an increased ratio of green to red emission intensity,which can mainly be attributed to the decreased number of surface defects induced by the surface coating.     

CuO/CeO_2复合物的制备及其光催化性质研究

以CTAB为模板采用共沉淀法合成CuO/CeO2复合物,用透射电镜、X射线粉末衍射和紫外可见光谱对复合物进行表征;研究CuO/CeO2复合物对茜素红的催化脱色效果.实验结果表明,CuO/CeO2复合物既具有吸附作用也具有光催化降解作用,且随着CuO含量和催化剂用量的增加催化脱色效果有明显提高.     

Effect of TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanoparticles on hydrogen evolution reaction activity of Ni coatings

The electrocatalytic activity of electrodeposited Ni and Ni-TiO₂ coatings with regard to the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was investigated. The Ni coatings were electrodeposited from an acid chloride bath at different current densities, and their HER activities were examined in a 1.0-mol·L-1 KOH medium. The variations in the HER activity of the Ni coatings with changes in surface morphology and composition were examined via the electrochemical dissolution and incorporation of nanoparticles. Electrochemical analysis methods were used to monitor the HER activity of the test electrodes; this activity was confirmed via the quantification of gases that evolved during the analysis. The obtained results demonstrated that the Ni-TiO₂ nanocomposite test electrode exhibited maximum activity toward the alkaline HER. The surface appearance, composition, and the phase structure of all developed coatings were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The improvement in the electrocatalytic activity of Ni-TiO₂ nanocomposite coating toward HER was attributed to the variation in surface morphology and increased number of active sites.     

CeO2/CNTs纳米复合粒子的制备及其催化性能

 采用液相化学沉积法制备CeO2/CNTs纳米复合粒子,考查了表面活性剂对产物形貌的影响,采用TEM、XRD、FT-IR等手段对产物的形貌和晶相结构进行表征。结果表明,在一定条件下,表面活性剂的“桥接”作用有效地改善了活性组分的负载,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为表面活性剂,以自制碳纳米管（CNTs）为载体,可以制备出负载均匀的CeO2/CNTs纳米复合粒子。探讨了活性组分CeO2在CNTs表面的负载机制,并在此基础上研究了所得样品在风化煤硝酸氧解制备腐植酸中的催化性能。催化结果表明,CeO2/CNTs纳米复合粒子的催化性能明显优于单纯的CeO2和CNTs的催化性能,能显著提高腐植酸的产率。     

碳掺杂二氧化钛的稀磁特性

作为新型材料的稀磁半导体(DMS)在大规模集成电路、高频率器件和光电子器件等方面得到广泛的运用.这主要源于稀磁半导体(DMS)同时具备半导体的电学性质和磁性材料的磁学性质.采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)制备了碳纳米管掺杂的锐钛矿相二氧化钛和未掺杂锐钛矿相二氧化钛样品,样品的结构、形貌、成分、氧空位和磁性等物理性质分别通过XRD,TEM,Raman,XPS,PL,VSM等表征手段进行了分析.综合实验结果,发现氧空位的存在和室温铁磁性正相关.     

Immobilization of hemoglobin on platinum nanoparticles-modified glassy carbon electrode for H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript> sensing

This work described an amperometric hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) biosensor based on immobilization of hemoglobin (Hb) on a glassy carbon (GC) electrode modified by platinum nanoparticles, which was prepared by an in situ chemical reductive growth method. The electrochemical impedance measurements confirmed that the Hb was immobilized on the platinum nanoparticles-modified glassy carbon surface and has a synergistic effect with platinum nanoparti-cles in improving the catalytic reduction of H2O2. The Hb immobili...