补中益气汤含药血清对A549/DDP细胞药物泵P-gp及LRP蛋白表达的影响

目的:用补中益气汤含药血清处理A549/DDP细胞,观测药物泵P-gp及LRP的表达,并同小干扰RNA片段(siRNA)靶向切除P-gp、LRP基因后对这两种蛋白表达的影响相比较.方法:补中益气汤含药血清处理A549/DDP细胞,设计并合成针对P-gp、LRP基因对应序列的siRNA,采用转染试剂对细胞进行转染.两种蛋白实验分组均为:空白对照组、含药血清处理组及siRNA处理组.采用RT-PCR检测P-gp及LRP mRNA,免疫细胞化学法检测蛋白表达及定位,WB检测蛋白表达.结果:补中益气汤含药血清可以降低两种药物泵的表达,效果同siRNA类似,具有统计学差异(P0.05).结论:补中益气汤含药血清能降低A549/DDP细胞上P-gp和LRP的表达.     

多药耐药及相关蛋白质的研究进展

多药耐药 (MDR)是某些肿瘤细胞对多种化疗药物产生交叉耐药的现象 ,也是目前肿瘤化疗失败的重要原因。研究发现 ,肿瘤细胞内的P -糖蛋白 (P -gp)、多药耐药相关蛋白 (MRP)、肺耐药蛋白 (LRP)、乳腺癌耐药蛋白 (BCRP)等蛋白质与MDR密切相关 ,其共同特点是上述蛋白质在MDR细胞中均有过度表达 ,并通过多种途经降低化疗药物在肿瘤细胞内的浓度及改变其在细胞内的分布。此外 ,MDR细胞还常伴随有酶蛋白 (如蛋白激酶C -PKC ,谷胱甘肽S转移酶π -GST -π ,拓扑导构酶Ⅱ -TOPOⅡ等 )活性的改变。因此 ,肿瘤细胞的MDR是一个相当复杂的细胞生理、生化过程 ,是多因素共同作用的结果。     

肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)联合低剂量顺铂诱导多药耐药人卵巢癌细胞凋亡的实验研究

为研究卵巢癌多药耐药机制和逆转耐药,探讨在低剂量顺铂存在下,人可溶性肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(TRAIL)对多药耐药人卵巢癌细胞的杀伤增效作用及其可能存在的分子病理机制。用顺铂为诱导剂,逐步建立多药耐药人卵巢癌细胞株SKOV3/cDDP。(此细胞株经免疫组化检测P-gp高表达)。TRAIL、顺铂或两药联用12h,24h,48h,采用MTT法测试细胞毒作用,Hochest33258染色荧光显微镜下观察细胞形态学改变,透射电镜下观察亚细胞结构形态,通过流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡比例,Western blot分别检测在联用TRAIL作用前后cFLIP蛋白的表达情况。结果显示:1)单用100ng/mL TRAIL只能杀伤4.67%±0.26%的SKOV3/cDDP细胞,IC50>1000ng/mL。顺铂对SKOV3/cDDP细胞的作用存在剂量依赖性细胞毒效应,这种效应主要通过诱导细胞凋亡实现;2)亚毒性浓度TRAIL(100ng/mL)与亚毒性浓度DDP(1.0μg/mL)联用可杀死52.12%±2.84%的SKOV3/cDDP细胞。呈现出高效协同作用;3)流式细胞术分析、透射电镜观察及荧光显微镜证实其协同性杀伤作用主要通过促进诱导细胞凋亡实现;4)亚毒性浓度TRAIL(100ng/mL)与亚毒性浓度DDP(1.0μg/mL)联用,可使细胞cFLIP蛋白的表达下调,促进了细胞凋亡的发生。结论:TRAIL与亚毒性浓度顺铂联用表现出对多药耐药人卵巢癌细胞的高效杀伤作用,这种作用可能主要由促进细胞凋亡介导实现,cFLIP蛋白的表达减少可能参与这一过程。     

Hiwi基因在耐药MCF-7/ADM乳腺癌细胞株中的表达

目的探讨Hiwi基因在耐阿霉素人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞和非耐药MCF-7细胞的表达.方法应用实时定量PCR与Western blot技术进行Hiwi基因在耐阿霉素人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞和非耐药MCF-7细胞株表达水平检测.结果 Hiwi基因在耐阿霉素人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞中的表达明显高于正常乳腺细胞(P0.01)及非耐药MCF-7细胞(P0.05).结论 Hiwi基因在耐阿霉素人乳腺癌MCF-7/ADM细胞株的高表达为耐药乳腺癌细胞的靶向治疗指出新的研究方向,对乳腺癌治疗预后评估具有临床指导性.     

mdr1介导的获得性多药耐药性在胃癌细胞SGC7901的自然逆转

目的:探讨mdr1介导的获得性多药耐药在胃癌细胞SGC7901的自然逆转情况.方法:将培养细胞分为SGC7901、加长春新碱(VCR)的SGC7901/VCR和停VCR 6个月的SGC7901/VCR(设为SGC7901/VCR-)3组,用RT-PCR和原位杂交检测mdr1 mRNA的表达,免疫印迹和免疫组化检测P-gp的表达,流式细胞仪检测阿霉素在细胞内的蓄积和潴留,MTT法检测细胞对化疗药物的敏感性.结果:SGC7901/VCR-组mdr1 mRNA和P-gp表达水平介于SGC7901和SGC7901/VCR之间.SGC7901/VCR-阿霉素蓄积和潴留均高于SGC7901/VCR,低于SGC7901(P<0.05).SGC7901/VCR-对化疗药物的IC50小于SGC7901/VCR,大于SGC7901(P<0.01);对DDP和ADR的耐药指数低于SGC7901/VCR(P<0.05).结论:停化疗药物6个月后,胃癌耐药细胞亚系SGC7901/VCR的多药耐药性降低,但未降到亲本SGC7901水平.     

桂枝茯苓丸调控MTDH和PTEN逆转卵巢癌多药耐药的机制研究

研究桂枝茯苓丸在人卵巢癌耐药性裸鼠肿瘤模型中对凋亡的诱导作用,探讨其可能的作用机制。采用实时无标记细胞分析系统检测SKOV3/DDP对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药性,建立SKOV3/DDP卵巢癌耐药性BALB/c裸鼠肿瘤模型,模型裸鼠随机分为桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液16 g.kg-1.d-1(高)、8 g.kg-1.d-1(中)、4 g.kg-1.d-1(低)剂量组、PI3K抑制剂LY294002组、低剂量桂枝茯苓丸LY294002组(联用组)及对照组,给药10天后剖取肿瘤组织,采用流式细胞术检测肿瘤细胞的凋亡率,采用荧光定量PCR检测肿瘤组织中MTDH、PTEN mRNA的相对表达。结果表明,SKOV3/DDP细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药倍数分别为4.57和4.36倍。随着桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液剂量的增加,肿瘤细胞的凋亡率逐渐增加,上调PTEN mRNA和下调MTDH mRNA的作用逐渐增强,各组之间差异具有显著性(P < 0.01)。LY294002和低剂量桂枝茯苓丸联用后,抑制凋亡的作用强于二者分别单用的凋亡抑制作用,下调MTDH mRNA和上调PTEN mRNA的作用强于其他各组(P < 0.01)。说明在SKOV3/DDP卵巢癌耐药性BALB/c裸鼠模型中,桂枝茯苓丸能够剂量依赖性地诱导耐药性肿瘤细胞的凋亡,其机制可能与上调PTEN mRNA和下调MTDH mRNA有关。     

靶向肿瘤多药耐药基因mdr1的siRNA的构建与鉴定

mdr 1基因及其表达产物P-gp是引起肿瘤细胞多药耐药(MDR)的主要原因,抑制mdr 1基因的表达可用于逆转MDR.RNAi可用于特异抑制靶基因的表达,本研究的目的是构建获得可特异有效靶向mdr 1基因的siRNA元件.应用siRNA设计软件与mRNA结构分析软件设计构建了3个分别靶向mdr 1基因mRNA环结构和茎结构的siRNA元件,同时构建了携带mdr1基因序列的luc报告质粒,通过siRNA表达质粒与携带靶序列的报告质粒的共转染抑制实验检测不同siRNA的抑制效率,结果显示靶向环结构siMDR1B具有较好的抑制效率和特异性.进一步将siMDR1B表达载体与mdr1基因表达载体共转染细胞,应用免疫流式细胞术检测显示,相比对照细胞,siMDR1B可显著抑制其转染后mdr1基因产物P-gp蛋白的表达活性.同时采用CCK-8细胞活性检测试剂评价了siMDR1B对细胞活性的影响,结果显示siMDR1B不会影响细胞活性,具有良好的特异性.本研究获得的可有效靶向mdr 1基因的siRNA元件可为进一步开展逆转MDR研究提供重要基础.     

桂枝茯苓丸联用顺铂紫杉醇化疗提高卵巢癌多药耐药模型裸鼠生存率

研究桂枝茯苓丸逆转人卵巢癌耐顺铂细胞株(SKOV3/DDP)肿瘤模型的耐药作用及其对荷瘤BALB/c裸鼠生存率的影响,探讨其可能的作用机制。采用Cell Counting Kit-8试剂盒检测SKOV3/DDP对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药性;采用SKOV3/DDP细胞建立卵巢癌耐药肿瘤模型,模型BALB/c裸鼠随机分为桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液16 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(高)、8 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(中)、4g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(低)剂量(中药组)、顺铂/紫杉醇组(化疗组)、低剂量桂枝茯苓丸与化疗联用组(中西联用组)和空白对照组,检测各处理组的抑瘤率。观察各组BALB/c裸鼠的生存情况;并采用荧光定量PCR检测各组肿瘤组织中MDR1 mRNA的相对表达。结果是SKOV3/DDP细胞对顺铂和紫杉醇的耐药倍数分别为4.13倍和3.85倍。随着桂枝茯苓丸浓缩液剂量的增加,抑瘤作用增强,裸鼠生存率提高,肿瘤组织MDR1 mRNA表达相对于对照组逐渐下降。西药化疗组在耐药模型裸鼠中的抑瘤效果高于中药组,中西药联用后抑瘤效果显著高于西药化疗组;与其他各组相比,西药化疗组的裸鼠平均体重明显下降,差异均具有显著性(P0.05,P0.01)。中西联用组裸鼠生存率高于桂枝茯苓丸低剂量组和西药化疗组。西药化疗组MDR1mRNA表达相对于对照组显著增加,中西药联用组MDR1 mRNA表达相对于对照组显著下降,差异均具有显著性(P0.05,P0.01)。说明桂枝茯苓丸能够逆转SKOV3/DDP耐药性卵巢癌模型裸鼠的耐药性,提高裸鼠生存率,其机制可能与抑制MDR1 mRNA表达有关。     

靶向survivin基因的shRNA慢病毒载体的构建及其对膀胱癌EJ细胞凋亡的影响

目的:构建survivin基因特异性shRNA慢病毒干扰载体,转染膀胱癌EJ细胞,研究survivin基因在膀胱癌细胞株中的表达抑制情况,观察survivin shRNA慢病毒载体对EJ细胞凋亡的影响.方法:以survivin基因为靶标设计shRNA干扰序列,克隆至p SIH1-H1-cop GFP慢病毒载体.干扰载体鉴定正确后转染膀胱癌细胞株EJ细胞,荧光显微镜下观察GFP表达情况,实时荧光定量PCR检测survivin基因mRNA含量变化,Western blotting法检测survivin蛋白表达,Annexin V-FITC/PI双染法检测EJ细胞凋亡情况.结果:PCR扩增鉴定、DNA测序证实survivin慢病毒干扰载体构建成功;EJ细胞经干扰载体处理后,EJ细胞survivin基因mRNA水平下调了73.33%,蛋白表达受到显著抑制,EJ细胞凋亡率达到24.39%.结论:成功构建了靶向survivin基因的shRNA重组慢病毒干扰载体,可以显著降低转染细胞survivin基因的表达水平,并有效提高膀胱癌细胞凋亡率.     

横纹肌肉瘤多药耐药细胞系RD/VCR的建立

横纹肌肉瘤是一种高度恶性的软组织肿瘤，化疗是最主要的辅助治疗手段．然而，肿瘤细胞对药物产生多药耐药常常导致治疗失败．本实验以长春新碱为诱导剂，在体外成功建立了耐药细胞系DD／VCR，为进一步研究横纹肌肉瘤的耐药机理制作了模型．耐药前后细胞超微结构发生显变化，mdr1及mrp基因，P-糖蛋白及多药相关蛋白的表达与横纹肌肉瘤多药耐药的发生有关。     

Inheritance and expression of multiple disease and insect resistance genes in transgenic rice

2—3 anti-fungal disease genes are coinserted with hygromycin phosphotransferase in the same vector. Two insecticidal genes and PPT acetyl transferase genes are placed in another one. The vectors are co-delivered to rice embryonic cellus tissue at a molar ratio of 1︰1 using the particle gun method. 55 independent regenerated lines have been obtained through screening for hygromycin resistance. Of these, 70% transgenic plants harbor 6—7 foreign genes. The genes on the same vectors are always co-delivered to rice plant. Northern blot analysis has indicated that the multiple foreign genes give stable expression. In the 6 transgenic plants carrying 6—7 foreign genes, multiple foreign genes tend to integrate in 1 or 2 genetic loci. Progeny segregation is consistent with Mendel’s 3︰1 segregation law. 8 homozygous R₁ transgenic plants harboring 2—3 anti-fungal and 2 insecticidal genes are selected from large number of transgenic progeny screening for hygromycin and Basta resistance.     

Method of transforming resistance gene to carbendazim intoTrichoderma sp.

The method of transforming resistance gene to carbendazim into Trichoderma sp. was studied by using genetic engineering technique. The results show that the time of fungicide selection on the transformed Trichoderma sp. may have very important effect on the resistance gene transformation. By this method, the resistance gene to carbendazim was transformed into Trichoderma harzianum, a strain of T. harzianum with resistance to carbendazim was achieved. The transformant could grow on the medium containing 150 μg/mL carbendazim. The resistance is stable after 10 times transfer on non-selective medium.     

Inheritance of resistance to race 7 of Cercospora sojina in soybeans and RAPD tagging of the resistance gene

Frog-eye leaf spot of soybean caused by Cercospora sojina Hara is a kind of worldwide disease. Resistance to race 7 of C. sojina was found to be due to a single dominant gene through analyzing resistant behavior of the cross NEAU91212 (susceptible to race 7) × NEAU9674 (resistant to all races). 3 RAPD markers linked to the resistant gene Rcsc 7 were identified using the BSA method. 2 fragments of OPS03620 and OPS03580 amplified with primer OPS03 co-dominantly segregated in the F2 individuals. The genetic distance between OPS03620 and the resistant gene is 8.7 cM. According to the co-dominant marker, the accuracy of predicting the homozygous and heterozygous resistant F2 individuals were 100% and 97.6% , respectively.     

红霉素抗性基因ermE在链霉菌中的表达及抗性测定

红霉素抗性基因ermE编码一种甲基化酶，可以对50S核糖体亚基上的23SrRNA进行甲基化修饰．甲基化作用可能引起核糖体构型变化，阻碍红霉素与50S核糖体亚基的结合，从而使宿主获得抗性．研究中将来自红色糖多孢菌（Saccharopolyspora erythraea）的ermE基因克隆到链霉菌高拷贝表达栽体pUWL201和plJ6021上组成型启动子ermEp＊和硫链丝菌素诱导型启动子PfipA的下游，构建出了链霉菌表达质粒pKIM4，pKIM7和pKIM8．将pKIM4，pKIM7和pKIM8分别转入S．lividans链霉菌中，每种转化子都能表现出明显的红霉素抗性，并且ermE基因在TK64／pKIM8转化子中还实现了高效表达．     

Mapping of two new brown planthopper resistance genes from wild rice

A brown planthopper (BPH) resistance line, B5, derived its resistance genes from the wild riceOryza officinalis Wall exwatt, was hybridized with Taichung Native 1, a cultivar highly susceptible to BPH. A mapping population composed of randomly selected 167 F₂ individuals was used for determining the BPH resistance genes by the restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (RFLP). Bulked segregant analysis was conducted to identify RFLP makers linked to the BPH resistance genes in B5. The results indicated that the markers linked to BPH resistance are located at two genomic regions on the long arm of chromosome 3 and the short arm of chromosome 4, respectively. The existence of the two loci was further assessed by the quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. We located the two loci at a 3.2 cM interval between G1318 and R1925 on chromosome 3 and a 1.2 cM interval between C820 and S11182 on chromosome 4. Comparison with the BPH genes that have been reported indicated that the BPH resistance genes in B5 are novel. These two genes may be useful BPH resistance resource for rice breeding. Furthermore, the mapping of the two genes is useful for cloning the BPH resistance genes.     

食源性乳酸菌抗药性分析

抗生素的不合理使用导致病原菌耐药性已成为威胁人类健康的公共问题。乳酸菌在食品发酵、饲料青贮等领域具有悠久的应用历史,是公认的安全性菌株。但是研究发现,有些乳酸菌具有抗药性,根据抗药因子的可转移性,乳酸菌的抗药性可分为固有抗药性和外获抗药性。外获抗药性多由接合质粒或转座因子编码,这些抗药基因随发酵食品或益生菌剂进入肠道,是否与肠道共生菌或病原菌进行传递进而对机体带来危害引起了人们的关注。本文就食源性乳酸菌抗药性产生的分子机制、检测方法以及可能的抗药基因水平转移方式进行综述,以便对食源性乳酸菌的抗药性有一个全面认识。     

粘质沙雷氏菌抗铜基因的克隆及性质研究

 通过构建粘质沙雷氏菌KMR-3菌株的基因组DNA文库,克隆到了与该菌的铜抗性相关的基因,并对其部分特性进行了研究.结果表明克隆到的铜抗性基因所编码的蛋白属于CutF蛋白,由194个氨基酸编码,与莫氏耶尔森氏菌(Yersinia mollaretii)ATCC43969抗铜脂蛋白NlpE同源性最高,达到70%,并对该基因的调控序列(启动子、终止子、SD序列及转录起始位点)进行了分析.     

Analysis of rice blast resistance genes by QTL mapping

Resistance to rice blast pathogen mostly shows a quantitative trait controlled by several minor genes. Its complexity and the mutable characteristic of rice blast isolates both hinder the development of the blast resistance research. The article here tried to explore the resistance gene distribution on rice chromosomes and the way of function. Totally 124 QTLs have been identified against 20 isolates using Cartographer software with a ZYQ8/JX17 DH population, which separately are at 100 loci of 72 marker intervals on 12 rice chromosomes. Of them, 16 QTLs were determined by the isolate HB-97-36-1. 82 QTLs (66.13%) are from the resistant parent alleles, ZYQ8, while 42 QTLs (33.87%) are from the susceptible parent alleles, JX17. In comparison of their positions on chromosome, most QTLs are clustered together and distributed nearby the major genes especially the regions on chromosomes 1, 2, 8, 10 and 12. Each QTL could account for the resistance variation between 3~2%-68.64%. And, a positional QTL might display the resistance to several different isolates with different contributions.     

Molecular cloning, chromosomal mapping and expression analysis of disease resistance gene homologues in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Resistance-like sequences have been amplified from first strand cDNA and genomic DNA of rice by PCR using oligonucleotide primers designed from sequence motifs conserved between resistance genes of tobacco andArabidopsis thaliana. 3 PCR clones, designatedOsr1, Osr2 andOsr3 which were 98% identical in nucleotide sequence level, have been found to be significantly homologous to known plant resistance genes and all contained the conserved motifs of NBS-LRR type resistance genes, such as P-loop, kinase2a, kinase3a and transmembrane domain.Southern hybridization revealed that rice resistance gene hornologueswere organized as a cluster in the genome. RFLP mapping using a DH population derived from anindica/japonka cross (Zhaiyeqing 8/Jingxi 17) and an RFLP linkage map assigned two copies ofOsrl and one copy ofOsr3 to the distal position of chromosome 12 where a blast resistance QTL has been mapped previously. Northern blot analysis showed thatOsrl gene was constitutively transcribed in rice leaves, shoots and roots. Further study concerning isolation of full-length cDNAs would be conducive to elucidating the functions of these genes.     

利用分子标记分析22种水稻10个抗稻瘟病基因的基因型

为了明确已克隆的部分稻瘟病抗性基因在上海市主栽水稻品种以及新培育的水稻品系中的分布,选取22份水稻为材料,利用分子标记检测技术,对10个已被克隆的抗稻瘟病基因进行基因型鉴定及分析.结果表明,22种水稻均含Pi36、Pi37、Pi-d2、Pib抗性基因,而Pi-kh、Pi9、Pi2、Pi-ta、Pikm抗性基因在22种水稻中分布各有不同,所有被测水稻中均不携带Pi25抗性基因.