芦笋多糖活性炭法脱色工艺

为优化芦笋多糖活性炭法脱色工艺条件,以综合吸附效应指数为考察目标,利用活性炭法进行芦笋多糖脱色,在单因素试验基础上,进行了均匀设计试验。结果表明,芦笋多糖活性炭法脱色的最佳工艺条件为脱色温度80℃,脱色时间60 min,活性炭的质量浓度25 g/L,溶液pH值7.0,该条件下综合吸附效应指数为68.24%,脱色率为67%,脱蛋白率为89%,多糖保留率为56%。     

假酸浆多糖提取纯化工艺的研究

以假酸浆籽为原料,采用水提法、超声波提取法、微波提取法提取假酸浆多糖,经对各提取过程比较分析可知水提法为最优提取方法,提取条件为料液比1∶55、温度80℃、时间3 h,提取率为6.18%.将水提法得到的假酸浆多糖浓缩液通过醇沉、脱蛋白、脱色等工艺进行纯化,确定了最佳的提取纯化工艺.在最佳的条件下,醇沉后多糖的量可达80.5%,蛋白质脱除率可达70.8%,脱色率可达91.0%.     

响应面法优化黄精叶多糖水提工艺

为建立与优化黄精叶多糖提取工艺,采用水提法提取黄精叶多糖,利用蒽酮-硫酸法测定多糖含量.以多糖提取率及出膏率为试验指标,在单因素试验基础上,通过三因素三水平Box-Behnken响应面法(RSM)优化黄精叶中多糖的提取条件.结果显示黄精叶多糖最佳提取工艺为:提取温度75℃,液料比15∶1,提取时间2.5 h.在此条件下,药材的出膏率为(47.65±0.16)%、多糖得率为(7.21±0.073)%.该水提工艺条件稳定可行,多糖得率较高.     

假酸浆多糖的酶法提取及纯化工艺的研究

采用正交设计法进行试验,以多糖的提取率作为评价指标,用木瓜蛋白酶法从假酸浆籽中提取假酸浆多糖.确定了木瓜蛋白酶的最佳提取工艺为:酶用量3%,p H=7.5温度55℃,提取时间50min.多糖提取率为6.02%.再将提取的粗多糖经脱蛋白、脱色等一系列工艺进行纯化,确定了假酸浆多糖的最佳纯化工艺,在此条件下测得多糖的含量为80.6%,脱蛋白率为77.33%,脱色率为70.2%.     

响应面法优选泽兰多糖的大孔吸附树脂纯化工艺

目的:考察8种大孔吸附树脂D3520、H103、HPD-100、HPD-700、AB-8、HPD722、S-8、HPD-600对泽兰多糖的纯化效果,以Box-Behnken法优化最佳大孔吸附树脂的最优纯化工艺.方法:以多糖保留率、脱色率、脱蛋白率的加权综合评分为指标,考察大孔树脂、洗脱流速、上样浓度、洗脱剂用量对纯化结果的影响,通过Box-Behnken设计建立响应面模型来优选大孔树脂泽兰多糖的工艺参数.结果:优选的泽兰多糖的大孔树脂纯化工艺为:取HPD-100大孔吸附树脂,泽兰多糖的上样质量浓度为0.03 g/mL,洗脱流速为1.1 mL/min,洗脱体积为40 mL,以此优选工艺纯化后,多糖保留率69.21%,脱色率60.24%,蛋白脱除率75.67%.结论:泽兰多糖的纯化工艺稳定可靠,HPD-100大孔吸附树脂纯化工艺效果良好,适合工业化生产.     

沙葱多糖Sevage法除蛋白工艺的研究

研究了沙葱多糖Sevage法除蛋白的工艺.采用单因素试验确定Sevage试剂添加量、氯仿与正丁醇体积比、蛋白脱除次数及脱蛋白时间对沙葱多糖除蛋白效果的影响.并在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验确定了沙葱多糖Sevage法除蛋白的工艺条件.结果表明振摇时间和Sevage试剂添加量对除蛋白效果影响较大.Sevage法去除沙葱多糖蛋白的工艺条件为:Sevage试剂添加量为1/4,氯仿正丁醇体积比为3∶1,除蛋白时间为30 min.     

铁皮石斛原球茎多糖提取及脱蛋白工艺研究

研究了铁皮石斛原球茎培养物中多糖提取工艺并进行了不同脱蛋白方法的比较?以提取温度?提取时间和料液比三因素进行正交实验,得到多糖最佳提取工艺为提取温度90℃?提取时间60 min?料液比1∶40(g/mL),多糖提取率78.51%?通过一系列单因素实验和正交优化实验,分析比较Sevage法?盐酸法?三氯乙酸法和木瓜蛋白酶法脱蛋白工艺?结果显示,Sevage法第5次洗脱效果最好,多糖质量分数43.81%,蛋白质质量分数9.67%;盐酸在体积分数25%时效果最好,多糖质量分数52.17%,蛋白质质量分数为4.82%;三氯乙酸质量浓度为0.03 g/mL时,多糖质量分数最高35.50%,蛋白质质量分数7.34%;木瓜蛋白酶法反应时间90 min?温度70℃?酶含量30U时,多糖质量分数85.01%,蛋白质质量分数为5.89%,效果最为理想?     

竹叶多糖的提取工艺

目的：筛选竹叶多糖提取优化的最佳工艺.方法：以竹叶多糖为工艺筛选指标,采用正交实验设计方法筛选最佳提取工艺及其条件.结果：竹叶多糖最佳提取工艺为石油醚回流2 h,滤渣用95%乙醇回流2 h,再用30倍量的水回流3次浸提多糖.用Sevage法除蛋白,加入乙醇使含醇量为80%,于冰箱静置12 h,得多糖沉淀.采用优化后的工艺提取竹叶多糖粗品的得率约0.51%.结论：采用该提取工艺,竹叶多糖的提取率较高.     

白玉菇多糖提取方法的比较和优化

优选白玉菇多糖的提取工艺.采用热水浸提法、超声波辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法和碱提法4种方法提取白玉菇多糖,并采用响应面法优化超声波辅助提取法.热水浸提法、超声波辅助提取法、微波辅助提取法和碱提法提取多糖得率分别为2.90%、5.48%、4.86%、4.71%.超声波辅助提取法提取白玉菇多糖的得率与其他3种方法比较有显著差异.响应面法优化超声波辅助提取法的最优条件为:液料比23∶1,超声时间28 min(300 W),在92℃下热水浸提2 h,重复3次,测定白玉菇多糖的得率为6.03%.超声波辅助提取法可以显著提高白玉菇多糖得率.     

毛木耳多糖提取工艺的研究

本实验对毛木耳子实体粗多糖(APP)提取工艺进行了研究,实验表明:提取的最佳条件是热水浸提的料液比为1:40、pH值为6、浸提温度为70℃、浸提时间为5h,此时多糖的提取率为28.237%,Sevage法除蛋白时氯仿与正丁醇的体积比为5:1,样液与Sevage试剂的体积比为4:1时蛋白脱除率较高、多糖损失率较低,此时蛋白脱除率为74.75%,粗多糖含量为38.97%.然后经DEAE-52纤维素离子交换柱层析脱色,SephadexG-200柱层析进一步分离纯化.为毛木耳多糖的开发利用奠定了基础.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with