紫球藻培养动力学模型的构建

以紫球藻FJ-12为实验对象，在敞开式柱型鼓泡光生物反应器中研究尿素质量浓度对其生长和生物活性物质合成的影响.结果表明，白光条件下，200 mg·L^-1尿素质量浓度培养的紫球藻生物量达到最大(3.10 g·L^-1),胞外多糖质量浓度最高(542.55 mg·L^-1).此外，200 mg·L^-1尿素条件下，紫球藻合成藻红蛋白的能力较强.多不饱和脂肪酸含量与初始尿素质量浓度呈正相关，亚油酸含量则呈负相关.动力学模型结果显示，尿素被用于紫球藻生长、藻红蛋白和胞外多糖的部分合成及细胞其他活动消耗.综上，最适合紫球藻生长和活性物质合成的尿素质量浓度为200 mg·L^-1,该条件下的动力学模型为规模化养殖紫球藻和合成相关活性物质提供了指导.     

基于机械搅拌式光照发酵罐的紫球藻高产藻红蛋白培养条件优化

本研究以普通机械搅拌式光照发酵罐为培养装置,采用单因素试验法对紫球藻生产藻红蛋白的条件（搅拌速率、光照强度、氮浓度以及NaCl浓度）进行优化。结果表明,发酵培养紫球藻高产藻红蛋白的最佳搅拌速率、光照强度、氮浓度以及NaCl浓度分别为150 r/min、2 000 Lx、8 mmol/L、20‰。本试验优化了搅拌式光照发酵罐培养紫球藻生产藻红蛋白的条件,为紫球藻藻红蛋白的工业化生产提供基础数据及思路。     

螺旋藻培养条件响应面法优化的研究

设计了用于螺旋藻培养的新型气升式光生物反应器，并用响应曲面法对其培养条件进行优化。实验选取影响螺旋藻生长的4个关键因子即光照强度、通气量、培养时间和接种量，并对其最佳水平范围进行研究，建立了以藻体干重为响应值的二次多项式方程。实验结果表明，4个因子对藻体生长的影响大小依次为光照强度、培养时间、装液量、通气量；对方程解逆矩阵可知，当光照强度、通气量、培养时闻和接种量分别达最佳水平44001x、212．2L／h、8．8d和7．2L时，DW最大值为1．277g／L。     

培养条件对紫球藻生长及代谢产物产生的影响

就接种量、装液量、光强和pH值等影响紫球藻生长及代谢产物产生的因素进行了研究.实验结果表明pH5～9之间对藻生长无明显影响,当pH6.5时有利于代谢产物的产生;光照强度对藻生长影响较大,光强为2500lx有利于其生长,光强为3500lx有利于胞外多糖的积累;1.59×106/mL接种量有利于藻生长,也有利于胞外多糖和β-胡萝卜素的积累;低装液量对藻生长和代谢产物的积累都有利.     

蛹虫草发酵罐培养生产虫草多糖和虫草素条件的研究

采用摇瓶培养法通过单因素试验和正交设计试验初步拟定蛹虫草的发酵罐培养条件.基本上罐条件为初始pH6.5,温度21℃,转速150rpm,培养时间5d.在此基础上分别以菌量、多糖和虫草素为指标,调整通气量和装液量.当以获得菌量和多糖为目的时,通气量为0.9m3/h、装液量70%.若以得到虫草素为目的,通气量调整为0.7m3/h、装液量70%.     

紫芝液体深层发酵条件的初步研究

以紫芝为研究对象,讨论液体深层发酵碳源、氮源、无机盐和培养条件对菌体生物量的影响,确定紫芝液体发酵最优培养基配方为葡萄糖30,g/L、蛋白胨3,g/L、KH2PO41.2,g/L和MgSO4·7H2O 0.8,g/L.发酵条件为培养温度25,℃,起始pH自然,装液量24%,接种量15%,140,r/min培养7,d.同时,以菌体生物量、胞外多糖和pH为指标,绘制紫芝液态发酵动力学曲线,发酵培养7,d后菌体生物量和胞外粗多糖的含量分别达到最大值3.63,g/L和1.67,g/L.     

光生物反应器和跑道式循环生物反应器对荒漠藻类生物量和多糖产量的影响

采用光生物反应器和跑道式循环生物反应器对荒漠藻类进行规模化培养,对比研究了两种规模化培养系统对荒漠藻类生物量和多糖产量的影响,探讨了温度、酸碱度、生长周期以及氮、磷含量对荒漠藻类生长和多糖积累的作用.结果表明,在光生物反应器和跑道式循环生物反应器两种培养系统中,藻类的生长呈现出不同的变化趋势,而藻多糖含量则呈现相同的波动性变化趋势,并且藻类生物量和多糖分泌受培养条件的影响并不同步.此外,在两种规模化培养模式中,温度、酸碱度、营养盐以及生长周期等都对荒漠藻类的生长和多糖产量产生重要影响.     

嗜热链球菌产胞外多糖的研究

以嗜热链球菌为材料,MRS培养基为基础培养基,研究了影响嗜热链球菌菌体生物量及胞外多糖生物合成的因素以及多糖提取的工艺条件.采用单因素法分析了碳源、氮源、初始pH值、温度、时间对嗜热链球菌生物量及胞外多糖生物合成的影响,结果表明嗜热链球菌生长的最佳条件为:葡萄糖20 g/L、大豆蛋白胨5 g/L、胰蛋白胨5 g/L、培养液初始pH 6.5、培养温度为37℃、培养时间24 h时,菌体生物量达5.00×1019个/mL;嗜热链球菌产胞外多糖的最佳条件为:葡萄糖20 g/L、大豆蛋白胨5 g/L、胰蛋白胨5 g/L、培养温度为40℃时、培养时间27 h、培养液初始pH 6.5,胞外多糖产量达到为914.33 mg/L,胞外多糖产量相对于茵体的生长在时间上表现出滞后现象.多糖提取工艺的研究结果表明:以4倍体积的sevag液加入多糖溶液脱蛋白,用三倍体积90%的乙醇于4℃时沉淀12 h,多糖的提取效果最好.     

采用PhR-L20C光生物反应器培养转胸腺素α1基因蓝藻的研究

采用PhR L20C光生物反应器对转胸腺素α1基因聚球藻Synechococcussp.PCC7942进行6批次的培养,结果表明,采用本实验室优化后的培养条件,根据该型气升式光生物反应器所具备的各项性能指标和参数条件进行培养,一个培养收获周期为6d,平均生长速率为0.61OD730/d,6d后藻细胞平均终浓度达到OD730=4.27,绘制了转基因藻细胞的光密度与其干质量的标准曲线,通过曲线得出产率平均约为0.36g/(Ld),最高0.40g/(Ld);最终细胞密度平均可达2.52g/L,最高2.84g/L.     

用响应面分析法优化胞外多糖的发酵工艺

采用响应面分析方法对发酵培养的蔗糖质量分数、接种量和pH等条件进行优化.优选得到较佳的发酵工艺条件:蔗糖4%～5%,pH6 5～8,接种量10%左右.摇瓶发酵胞外多糖的产量22 6g/L,蔗糖转化率45%,产品黏度2 01Pa·s.30L生物反应器放大发酵的实验结果产胶30g/L,产品黏度4 6Pa·s.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.