AlCl3-分光光度法测定银杏黄酮的含量

提出了AlCl3-分光光度法测定药物制剂中银杏黄酮含量的新方法.该法是基于银杏黄酮能与AlCl3反应生成黄色络合物,此物质在408 nm处有最大吸收.方法的线性范围为2.00～110 μg/mL,r=0.999 9,平均回收率为99.9%.     

紫外分光光度法测银杏黄酮苷含量误差分析

以槲皮素、芦丁为标准对照品,紫外测定银杏黄酮苷;其最大吸收波长分别为370 mm和360 nm;槲皮素溶液浓度在4～20 μg/ml范围内 ,芦丁溶液浓度在8～24 μg/ml范围内符合比耳定律.考察紫外对粗制银杏黄酮苷(≤32%)和精制黄酮苷(≥50%)的适用情况.黄酮苷含量小于32%时,槲皮素与芦丁为标准对照品无法准确直接测定其含量,黄酮苷含量大于50%时,槲皮素在370 nm处可较准确的测定黄酮苷;芦丁在360 nm处也能测定黄酮苷,但误差较大.配制的样品溶液放置1 h,测定误差在5%以内.     

不同地区银杏花粉黄酮和内酯含量的差异性

以15个不同地区百年左右的银杏雄树花粉为材料,用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测了银杏花粉中黄酮和内酯的含量.结果表明:银杏花粉主要含有以山奈素为母核的黄酮醇苷,以槲皮素和异鼠李素为母核的黄酮苷的含量相对较少,银杏花粉总黄酮含量平均为20.44 mg/g;还发现银杏花粉中的内酯成分为银杏内酯A,其含量平均在2.22 mg/g;不同地区间银杏花粉之间的黄酮和内酯含量差异显著.相关分析表明,不同地区银杏花粉之间黄酮和内酯含量的差异与气候地理因子的相关性不显著.初步筛选出黄酮和内酯含量较高的重庆01、广德01、北京01、康县01等4个单株作为备选的优良单株.     

化学镀Ni-Mo-P三元合金沉积速度研究

以A3钢为基体,在不同钼酸钠浓度、络合剂用量、pH值、温度条件下,化学镀Ni-Mo-P三元合金,探讨钼酸钠浓度、络合剂用量、pH值、温度对镀层沉积速度的影响,得出最佳工艺条件为:钼酸钠浓度0.2 g/L;柠檬酸钠浓度45 g/L;pH值9;温度90 C。     

缺氧胁迫小细胞团法选育高产黄酮苷悬浮细胞系

以银杏优良品种的种苗诱导愈伤组织,考察了B5,sH,MS,White4种培养基对银杏愈伤组织生长性状和黄酮苷合成能力的影响,采用缺氧胁迫小细胞团法从愈伤组织中筛选高产黄酮苷的细胞系,并对细胞系在悬浮培养时的条件进行了优化.结果表明TZG-1培养周期18d,生长指数为4.12,黄酮苷含量为1.25％,比愈伤组织提高了257.1％;Ms培养基有利于形成质地松软的愈伤组织,当培养基中NH4+与NO3-的浓度比为20.3/39.4或10.3/29.1,蔗糖质量浓度为30g/L或40g/L,pH值为5.6～6.0时,有利于细胞生长和黄酮苷合成.     

超滤法结合大孔吸附树脂法制备复方双中药注射液

超滤法初步提取双中药银杏叶和绞股蓝中抗心脑血管疾病有效成分,利用AB-8大孔吸附树脂对初提物中银杏黄酮、绞股蓝黄酮、绞股蓝皂苷等进行进一步纯化,制备出复方银杏绞股蓝双中药盐酸曲美他嗪注射液.同时,进行了双中药注射液稳定性研究.研究结果表明,在超声振荡的条件下,超滤法提取抗心脑血管疾病有效成分正交实验的最佳条件为:乙醇体积浓度80%,固液比1∶20,超声时间10 min.AB-8大孔吸附树脂纯化的最佳条件为:上样液浓度总黄酮为1.252 3 mg/mL~2.504 7mg/mL,总皂苷为0.429 4 mg/mL~1.288 3 mg/mL,洗脱剂为体积浓度为70%的乙醇.纯化后产物中总黄酮、总皂苷的平均质量分数分别为37.35%、12.75%,黄酮与皂苷的比值为2.93.注射剂稳定性考察结果显示在30 d内-10℃、25℃条件下有效成分的含量变化在5%以内.     

高纯银杏黄酮水解条件研究

在已有文献的基础上,对纯度大于85%的银杏黄酮水解条件作了优化,主要研究了水解介质的组成和质液比两个不确定因素.水解液组成为:V(CH3OH):V(HCl)=45:5,质液比为w(黄酮):V(水解液)=1 g:65 mL.为水解HPLC法测定高纯度银杏黄酮及银杏黄酮甙元槲皮素、山奈酚、异鼠李素的生产提供了优化条件.     

银杏提取物对内皮细胞产生NO,MDA和SOD的影响

比较了几种不同银杏提取物的物理性质和药效.用HPLC法测定了不同银杏提取物中黄酮的含量,以内皮细胞为作用对象,用联胺对内皮细胞进行氧化损伤,同时用不同银杏提取物对内皮细胞进行保护,24 h后测定细胞上清液中NO,MDA和SOD的含量.结果显示几种银杏黄酮提取物对内皮细胞因联胺损伤而降低的NO具有恢复能力,可以提高细胞的SOD含量,但对MDA的分泌影响不大.结果表明银杏提取物有效成分含量变化对药效的影响较大.     

银杏叶片愈伤组织培养及光暗条件对黄酮含量的影响

以银杏嫩叶为外植体,在添加不同种类和浓度激素的MS培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导研究,同时分析光暗条件对愈伤组织生长和黄酮含量的影响。愈伤组织生长后,用分光光度比色法分析测定银杏愈伤组织黄酮含量。实验结果:在光照条件下,添加激素6-BA1.0mg/L和NAA2.0 mg/L的MS培养基中,诱导形成的愈伤组织生长最好,黄酮含量较高。     

分光光度法测定银杏叶中黄酮的含量

采用分光光度法测定银杏叶和银杏叶提取液中总黄酮含量,并对测定条件、干扰因素进行研究,黄酮含量在8～80μg/mL范围内服从比耳定律,回归方程A=11．5602C 0．0085,相关系数r=0．9999,实验测得银杏叶中黄酮含量为1.47％;直接使用70％乙醇热浸取银杏叶,银杏叶提取液中黄酮浓度为600μg/mL,最大提取率为89．12％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to