离散余弦变换数字水印的尺度系数研究

数字水印是一种应用于数字多媒体产品的版权的技术,基于离散余弦变换数字水印是一种鲁棒性较好的方法,在该方法中有一个非常关键的尺度系数,直接决定了水印不可见性的质量．对该系数的取值及其对水印的影响进行研究：首先把需要嵌入水印的图像进行离散余弦变换,然后选择变换后的低频系数作为水印的嵌入位置并将二值化的水印图像放入,最后通过改变尺度系数得到不同的水印图像．对该嵌入不同尺度系数的水印图像进行比较,得出尺度系数的取值范围．实验结果表明,基于离散余弦变换的数字水印嵌入方法在尺度系数小于0．0001时,其水印具有更好的不可见性,从而具有更实际的版权保护意义．     

一种基于小波变换的图像自适应数字水印算法

提出了一种基于小波变换的图像自适应数字水印算法.首先对水印图像作置乱处理,然后对原始图像和置乱后的水印图像进行小波分解,并根据马尔可夫随机场对图像视觉效果建模,在该模型下求取每个低频系数的允许失真值,利用允许失真值调整水印嵌入位置和强度,从而达到自适应地嵌入水印的目的.最后,将所得的水印图像的低频系数嵌入选定的原始图像.     

可无损恢复的小波域可见数字水印算法

文章研究了可无损恢复的小波域可见数字水印算法,该算法是为了适应将可见水印作为标签或版权标识,并且接收端的授权用户可将水印完全去除的应用环境。该算法基于亮度对比模型,并结合用户密钥将水印图像特征自适应嵌入到宿主图像的高频和低频系数中。实验结果表明,该算法嵌入的水印具有较强的鲁棒性,授权用户可无损恢复出原始图像,反之,非授权用户则不能在保证图像质量的前提下完全去除水印。     

小波域互补鲁棒水印算法研究

为提高用于版权保护的数字水印的鲁棒性,基于图像小波信号分析方法,分析了各种处理攻击对图像小波系数影响的不均衡特性,并根据该特性提出嵌入位置和嵌入方法互补的新颖水印算法.同时基于人眼视觉系统,对嵌入系数进行筛选以保证水印的透明性.实验证明该方法可抵抗各种图像处理攻击,具有较好的鲁棒性.     

一种鲁棒的数字水印算法

数字水印是信息隐藏和版权保护的有效手段。针对一般数字水印算法的视觉性和鲁棒性无法兼顾的问题,对JPEG 2000的图像格式提出了一种自适应的盲水印算法。算法使用m+n位的线性反馈移位寄存器对水印图像进行移位置乱,然后利用JPEG 2000图像的特点,对原始图像进行小波变换处理后选择低频子带进行水印的嵌入,在量化处理的同时完成了水印的嵌入,提高了水印嵌入的速度。根据LSFR的性质,算法对水印进行有效地检测和移位复原,实现了水印的盲提取。实验表明,该算法具有良好的视觉性和抵抗攻击的鲁棒性。     

基于小波变换和置乱技术的自适应二值水印新算法

提出一种基于Arnold置乱和小波变换的自适应二值图像水印新算法.首先将二值水印图像进行Arnold置乱,接着将其嵌入载体图像经过小波分解后的低频系数中.嵌入时根据SOBEL算子计算出的图像块边缘点密度,将对应的小波块进行分类.然后根据人眼视觉掩蔽特性,设置不同小波块对应的低频系数的调整因子.实验结果表明,该方法嵌入的数字水印不但具有较好的不可见性,而且对图像处理有较好的鲁棒性.     

多类水印的同时嵌入

研究了多类数字水印同时嵌入的问题,提出了一种同时嵌入两类水印的图像数字水印算法。此算法基于整形小波变换,两类水印的提取都不需要知道原始图像。还提出了水印的“可信比特”提取的方法,加强了水印的鲁棒性。算法对JPEG压缩、小波压缩、噪声、中值滤波和裁剪有较好的抵抗能力,同时,易损水印除了能鉴别图像是否被篡改外,还能报告图像在空间域和频率域的失真情况。     

一种优化的小波域图像水印技术

为了满足数字水印的安全性、隐蔽性、鲁棒性等特性,本文提出了小波域图像水印技术。有意义图像通过二维混沌加密算法生成水印,使其具有更好的安全性。水印嵌入过程中,利用遗传算法,选择和修改小波系数,将水印嵌入到宿主图像。实验结果显示,有较好的隐蔽性和鲁棒性效果。     

基于整数小波零嵌入的多类数字水印算法

;基于整数小波变换和SPIHT搜索小波零树理论,提出一种整数小波零嵌入的多类数字水印算法:将用于版权保护的鲁棒水印进行零嵌入,再将用于数据完整性认证的脆弱水印分别嵌入到小波域不同方向的细节子代中.通过对含水印图像的攻击实验表明,该算法兼具鲁棒性和脆弱敏感性,且篡改定位较精确,水印检测时不需要原始图像的参与,是一种有效的数字图像水印方案.     

基于小波模极大值的数字水印算法

目的针对传统数字水印技术的有限性,实现一种新的数字水印算法。方法新算法以小波变换为基础,对原始图像和水印图像进行小波变换,将水印信息嵌入到中频系数中。结果实现了二维彩色图像将为水印信息嵌入到二维图像数据中。结论实验证明,新算法在对彩色图像进行水印处理方面达到较好的效果,具有较好的健壮性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.