聚氨酯/钛酸钡杂化材料及介电性质研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了一种新型的聚氨酯/钛酸钡（PU/BaTiO₃ )杂化材料——不同钛酸钡含量的聚氨酯/钛酸钡杂化材料。通过红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和光电子能谱(XPS)等手段,考察了杂化材料的结构与性能;详细研究了溶胶-凝胶过程的机理以及微波辐射后杂化材料的介电性能。结果表明：通过溶胶-凝胶法制备的PU/BaTiO₃杂化材料中PU和BaTiO₃形成了较强的化学作用,而不是简单的共混;BaTiO₃较均匀分散在杂化材料中,同时随着BaTiO₃含量的增加,材料的介电常数也逐渐增加。指出了该研究在油气田领域的应用前景及意义。     

非晶态Fe2O3-SiO2杂化材料的研究

文章以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、三氯化铁为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)工艺,制备出均质透明的非晶态Fe2O3-SiO2杂化材料.研究溶胶-凝胶体系电化学性能,探讨Fe2O3-SiO2杂化材料的杂化机理,并对该材料的结构和性能分别进行表征和测试.该材料具有优良的光谱选择性吸收性能,可作为光热转换材料.     

有机无机杂化材料研究进展

有机无机杂化材料是在溶胶凝胶法的基础上发展起来,介于有机聚合物与无机聚合物间的一种新型复合材料.文章论述近年来有机无机杂化材料在光学材料、陶瓷材料、凝胶材料及生物材料方面的研究及应用.有机无机材料制备灵活,便于分子"裁剪",实行分子设计,具有广阔的应用与开发前景.     

β-环糊精衍生物/TiO_2有机-无机杂化材料的制备及表征

以钛酸丁酯作为无机前驱体,两种β-环糊精衍生物作为有机体,运用溶胶-凝胶法制备了β-环糊精衍生物/TiO2有机-无机杂化材料,运用IR、TG、SEM、激光粒度对合成杂化材料进行了表征.结果表明:合成的新型杂化材料不仅具有环糊精特征结构的有机组分和TiO2的无机组分;且具有较好的热稳定性,呈较均匀球形颗粒等特点.同时,利用苯酚-硫酸法测定了β-环糊精衍生物/TiO2中环糊精衍生物的含量.     

有机-无机纳米杂化材料P(MMA-BMA)-TiO_2的制备和表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMM A)-聚甲基丙烯酸丁酯(PBM A)/T iO2杂化材料,并进行了结构表征和性能研究.以甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MM A)为杂化材料的主要成分,引入甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BM A)以改变PMM A/T iO2杂化材料易碎的缺点.实验结果表明:杂化材料中无机相与有机相通过S i-O-T i共价键相连,T iO2的加入增强了聚合物材料的抗紫外性.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备HEC/SiO2杂化材料的工艺研究

以羟乙基纤维素(HEC)、正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶技术合成了HEC/SiO2有机-无机杂化材料.通过探讨水硅比、HEC含量、溶剂量、干燥控制化学添加剂用量、温度等工艺因素对凝胶化过程,特别是材料干燥体积收缩的影响,得出在本实验条件下合成HEC/SiO2有机-无机杂化材料的优化工艺条件.利用红外吸收光谱、紫外-可见光透射光谱以及扫描电子显微镜等测试手段对合成的HEC/SiO2有机-无机杂化材料进行表征.结果表明,HEC作为有机分散相已经均匀地分散到SiO2基相中,制备的HEC/SiO2有机-无机杂化材料透明,无分相,并可能形成了新的化学键.     

二氧化硅胶体基石质文物防风化有机-无机杂化材料制备及效果评估

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备含有纳米二氧化硅颗粒的胶体材料.胶体材料的稳定性和纳米二氧化硅颗粒的粒径主要受正硅酸乙酯含量、氨水浓度、水含量、无水乙醇含量和滴定速度等参数的影响,以具有良好综合防风化性能的甲基三甲氧基硅烷为有机物,通过与二氧化硅溶胶的机械混合而制备有机-无机防风化杂化加固材料.研究结果表明:当杂化材料中甲基三甲氧基硅烷的质量分数为15％～20％时,防风化杂化材料的黏度低(接近于水的黏度)、凝胶时间短且稳定性好;胶体颗粒的添加有效地降低了单一有机物加固涂层的开裂概率;防风化杂化加固材料引起试样的色差变化较小,加固吸收率明显比单一有机物的吸收率高,且涂覆防风化杂化加固材料的石质试样,其耐酸和耐盐性显著提高.     

聚酰亚胺/二氧化硅杂化膜和复合膜的制备与结构研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法和二氧化硅粒子掺杂共混法分别制备了聚酰亚胺/SiO2杂化膜和纳米复合膜.采用红外分光光度计(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TGA)和透射电镜(TEM)表征了所制备膜的结构微观形态和热性能并进行分析对比,结果表明在杂化膜中SiO2在聚酰亚胺基体中可以形成分子级分散,复合膜表现出较强的吸湿性使其热分解温度较低.研究认为,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备聚酰亚胺/SiO2介电材料更为合理.     

聚酰亚胺／二氧化硅纳米杂化材料制备

通过溶胶－凝胶方法（sol-gel）,利用已水解的正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）与芳香族的聚酰胺酸（PAA）溶液混和,制备出了不同二氧化硅含量的杂化薄膜。在实验中,首次采用偶联剂来提高无机组分二氧化硅与有机组分聚酰胺酸的相容性,制备各种二氧化硅含量的有机－无机透明的杂化薄膜。扫描电镜分析结果表明,杂化膜的微观相结构与二氧化硅的含量、偶联剂的加入有关。     

聚合物基有机-无机杂化材料的制备研究

介绍制备聚合物基有机-无机杂化材料的成键方式及制备的主要方法、原理及其特点，包括溶胶．凝胶法、插层复合法、其混法、原位聚合法、纳米微粒原位生成法和微乳液法等，并对有机-无机杂化材料今后的发展作了展望。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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