基于色氨酸的生物受体合成与阳离子识别研究

以胺羧配体EDTA、DTPA作为二价模板框架,利用简便方法设计合成了以色氨酸为核心识别单元、含有苯丙氨酸的开链式结构生物受体,并利用荧光光谱和质谱等技术研究了受体与碱土金属离子(Ca2+、Ba2+、Mg2+)和过渡金属离子(Cu2+、Fe2+、Co2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Zn2+、Cd2+)以及碱金属离子(Li+、Na+、K+)之间的相互作用.结果发现,在水溶液中金属离子与吲哚环之间存在相互作用,这两个受体对多种具有重要生物学和环境保护意义的金属离子有着良好的选择性识别作用.     

金属离子对菜青虫酚氧化酶活力的影响

以菜青虫五龄幼虫为材料,冰浴匀浆,在4℃下8 000 r/min离心,取上清液,经35%饱和(NH4)2SO4沉淀,经Sephadex G-100凝胶柱层析等步骤分离,获得部分纯化的菜青虫酚氧化酶制剂.研究多种金属离子对该酶活性的影响,结果表明碱金属离子K+、Li+和Na+对酶活力没有影响.碱土金属离子Mg2+、Ba2+和Ca2+对酶有激活作用,激活作用的大小顺序为Mg2+>Ca2+>Ba2+.过渡金属离子Mn2+、Co2+、Cu2+和Zn2+对酶活力的影响呈现不同的效应,Mn2+、Co2+和Zn2+对该酶活性有不同程度的激活作用,Cu2+浓度在0.10 mmol/L内对该酶有一定的激活作用,浓度大于0.13 mmol/L为抑制作用,其IC50为0.65 mmol/L.重金属离子Hg2+、Cd2+和Pb2+对酶活力有不同程度的激活作用,以Hg2+的激活作用最为显著.     

克氏原螯虾溶血活性及其影响因子

采用分光光度法对克氏原螯虾血清的溶血活性进行测定,并研究了温度、pH值、二价金属离子等理化因子对其溶血活性的影响.结果表明,血清经20~50℃处理后,溶血活性随温度升高而有所增强;当温度高于60℃、处理时间为20 min时,溶血活性明显下降直至完全丧失;pH为6~11时溶血活性较高,超出此范围时会对其溶血活性造成较大程度的破坏.分别用5,10,15 mmol/L的Ca2+,Ba2+,Mg2+处理血清,发现Ca2+对溶血活性有促进作用,并随着浓度增加溶血活性有所增强;5~10 mmol/L的Ba2+对溶血活性有明显抑制作用,15 mmol/L的Ba2+反而有促进作用;5~15 mmol/L的Mg2+对溶血活性有明显的抑制作用.     

金属离子对小麦秸秆酶解的影响

采用天冠生产的纤维素酶,以小麦秸秆为底物,研究了Fe2+、Co2+、Cu2+、Ca2+、Mn2+和Mg2+6种金属离子对酶解效果的影响。酶激活试验表明:Co2+、Mn2+及Mg2+对纤维素酶有激活作用,随着离子浓度的提高,激活作用减弱。酶解试验显示不同浓度的三种金属离子对还原糖产率具有不同程度的促进,其中Co2+和Mn2+效果较好。与对照相比,添加0.05、0.10mg/m L Co2+的样品还原糖产率分别提高了9.09%和12.87%;添加0.4 mg/m L Mn2+的样品还原糖产率提高了10.60%。进而将这两种金属离子进行复配,还原糖产率增加了17.56%,比单独添加一种金属离子效果好。     

金属离子对马铃薯多酚氧化酶活力的影响

以马铃薯多酚氧化酶为对象,研究金属离子对该酶活性的影响.实验结果表明,Li+、K+、Ba2+和Mg2+对酶活力几乎没有影响,Ca2+和Na+对酶活力有微弱的抑制作用,Cu2+则表现出较强烈的抑制作用,其IC50为0.248 mmol/L.Al3+、Fe3+、Cd2+、Co2+、Mn2+和Zn2+则对马铃薯多酚氧化酶有不同程度的激活作用.本研究为探讨多酚氧化酶的催化活性和催化机理提供理论基础.     

铝镁锌锰等金属离子与钙调素相互作用研究进展

金属离子由于配位环境与钙离子具有相似性,能够取代钙离子与钙调素产生竞争结合.对钙调素的结构、构象产生影响,进而对钙调素产生毒性作用.一些光谱及生物化学实验研究表明,Al3+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Mn2+及其它金属离子在与钙调素作用时,在作用力的强弱程度、结合位点、结合序及对钙调素的毒性作用具有各自的特殊性,本文概述了微量金属离子K+、Na+、Mg2+、Zn2+、Al3+ 、Mn2+、Sr2+、Cu2+等与钙调素的相互作用及对钙调素生物功能产生的影响.     

一种基于联二萘酚衍生物的荧光传感器对铜离子的荧光识别

设计并合成了一种基于联二萘酚衍生物的荧光传感器1,1在乙腈溶液中对Cu2+具有很好的选择性和灵敏度.当所加金属离子的浓度为1的10倍的时候,只有Cu2+能显著猝灭1的荧光,而其它离子(Hg2+,Pb2+,Sr2+,Ba2+,Cd2+,Ni2+,Co2+,Fe2+,Mn2+,Zn2+,Ce3+,Mg2+,K2+,Fe3+...     

金属离子对鲍鱼碱性磷酸酶活力的影响

碱性磷酸酶(ALP,EC3.1.3.1)是一种金属酶,其结构的维持和酶活性的表现均需金属离子.本文研究了几种金属离子分别对鲍鱼ALP活力的影响.结果表明,Li ,Na 和K 等正一价碱金属离子对酶活力没有任何效应;碱土金属离子Mg2 ,Ca2 和Ba2 对酶有激活作用,其激活程度依次为:Mg2 >Ca2 >Ba2 ,而且Mg2 在5.0mmol/L时可以使酶活力提高267%;在过渡金属离子中,Zn2 ,Mn2 ,Co2 和Cu2 对酶的效应不同,Zn2 、Cu2 为抑制作用,而Co2 、Mn2 表现为激活作用;重金属离子Hg2 、Pb2 、Ag 和Cd2 对酶有抑制作用,其中Hg2 的抑制效应最强,1.0mmol/LHg2 可使酶活力抑制94%.研究Mn2 和Cu2 的抑制类型表明,Mn2 为混合型激活作用,而Cu2 对酶的抑制类型为非竞争性抑制作用,其抑制常数(KI)为0.316mmol/L.     

食品添加剂及金属离子对蓬蘽红色素稳定性的影响

就常用食品添加剂 (含甜味剂、酸味剂、 Vit C、苯甲酸钠 )和 7种金属离子 ( Cu2 + 、 Fe3 + 、 Mn2 + 、Al3 +、Zn2 +、Na+、Mg2 + )对蓬红色素稳定性的影响进行了分析探讨 .结果表明 :葡萄糖、蔗糖、柠檬酸、苯甲酸钠对蓬红色素有不同程度的护色 (增色 )效果 ,Vit C对色素有一定的降解作用 ,金属离子中的 Cu2 + 、Fe3 + 对蓬红色素有明显的破坏作用 ,其它离子如 Mn2 + 、 Al3 + 、 Zn2 + 、 Na+ 、 Mg2 + 等对蓬红色素无影响或影响甚微 .     

PdNPs/MWNTs修饰玻碳电极的制备及其对六价铬的电化学测定

用钯纳米粒子多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极,并用于对六价铬(Cr(VI))的电化学测定.采用场发射扫描电子显微镜、循环伏安法、交流阻抗法、差分脉冲伏安法等方法对修饰电极进行了表征.研究发现多种其他金属离子如Cr3+、Pd2+、Zn2+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Al3+、Ba2+、Ca2+、Mg2+等对六价铬离子的测定没有明显干扰,且六价铬的还原峰电流与Cr(VI)的浓度在8×10-7~5×10-8mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检测限达2.7×10-8mol/L.该法具有简便快速,选择性好,灵敏度高等特点.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the