γ-多聚谷氨酸产生菌高效诱变育种的研究

设计了几组不同的诱变条件对γ-多聚谷氨酸生产菌Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 9945A进行诱变,诱变后将所有菌株混合,以此未经筛选的混合菌共同发酵,并以终产量为指标对发酵条件进行连续的定向调控,使发酵条件逐渐向高产正突变株倾斜,产量得以逐步提高．同时在混合茵状态下找到适合高产正突变株的发酵条件,以此发酵条件作为筛选平板,对混合菌分离纯化,选育到γ-PGA高产菌Zγ-29,产量是出发菌株的4．14倍,筛选条件即为该突变株的最佳发酵条件．     

双菌株发酵生产苏云金杆菌生物杀虫剂的研究

本文研究了苏云金杆菌双菌发酵生产生物杀虫剂的菌种和配方。大田实验表明，双菌株生物杀 虫剂对棉铃虫的杀虫率高达９２％。     

产纤溶酶的海洋放线菌小鼠急毒和抗生素敏感实验

介绍了检测产纤溶酶的放线菌株MY0504的毒性和抗生素敏感性的实验。通过液体摇瓶发酵得到MY0504的发酵液,分别小鼠灌胃发酵原液和除去菌提到发酵液;采用抗生素抑制菌圈法测试了5种抗生素对MY0504菌株的生长影响。结果表明小鼠灌胃给药的最大给药量为80ml/kg,该受试物毒性较小;MY0504对常用抗生素比较敏感。     

混合培养发酵L-苹果酸的研究

采用Ａ－２３菌株和Ｖ－８１菌株混合培养发酵Ｌ－苹果酸,分别探讨碳源浓度对Ａ－２３菌株和Ｖ－８１菌株发酵水平的影响,试验表明,Ａ－２３菌株产延胡索酸能力强,Ｖ－８１菌株具有高活性延胡索酸酶,在此基础上,研究Ａ－２３菌株和Ｖ－８１菌株混合培养方式对发酵Ｌ－苹果酸的影响,结果表明,Ａ－２３菌株接入含有１５０ｇ．Ｌ＾－１葡萄糖混合发酵培养其中培养３ｄ,后接入Ｖ－８１菌株并继续培养２ｄ。产酸水平最高,Ｌ－苹     

庆大霉素产生菌的紫外线诱变育种及发酵条件的研究

以庆大霉素产生菌ＪＹ１－１２为出发菌株，经紫外线照射，选育出性能优良菌株ＪＹ３－５，经正交试验确定了其最佳发酵培养基，研究了最佳发酵温及初始ＰＨ值，使其摇瓶效价提高３４．３％；３０ｍ＾３罐放大试验，比出发菌株效价提高１８．６％。     

益生乳酸菌的生理特性研究及其在发酵果蔬饮料中的应用

作为世界上最大的水果蔬菜生产国家之一,中国的水果蔬菜资源非常丰富,但其鲜销状况却不容乐观。此外,随着生活水平的提高和健康意识的增强,人们逐渐接受益生乳酸菌发酵技术开发的新型发酵果蔬饮料,这主导了果蔬饮料发展的方向。研究评价了不同种属乳酸菌的耐酸性和耐胆盐能力,得到5株能较好适应人体胃肠环境的菌株,并应用于复合果蔬汁的快速发酵。通过感官评定,确定了混合果蔬汁的优化比例。通过正交设计试验,优化发酵条件并进行单菌发酵和混合菌种发酵。实验结果表明,5株乳酸菌发酵产物的pH值均有大幅下降,酸度增加;发酵果蔬汁储藏第1周出现酸的转化;混合菌株发酵产品的酸度几乎是单一菌株发酵产品的2倍,酸的转化发生在冷藏第2周。     

石油降解菌株降油效果的比较研究

[摘要]通过测定四种微生物菌株在降油培养基中的动态生长以及混合复配实验来确定最佳降油条件．研究结果表明，T2为优势菌，也是混合菌株维持高降油率的关键菌株，其降解效果可达67．89％以上，T1、T3和T4三株的降油效果较差；当4株菌投加量比值为T1：T2：T3：T4=1：4：1：4时，降解效果可高达71．5％，说明混合菌株比单一菌株有较好的降油效果．     

茁霉多糖发酵工艺条件研究

以出芽短梗霉为生产菌株，蔗糖为碳源进行发酵生产茁霉多糖．通过摇瓶实验，确定了该菌株的发酵条件，并对发酵条件进行了优化，在此条件下，获得了较高的多糖产量．实验表明，摇瓶转速和发酵初始pH值是多糖发酵的重要影响因素，它们与多糖的合成密切相关．     

白腐菌对秸秆中木质素生物降解的研究

研究了白腐菌及其产生的木质素降解酶系对秸秆的木质素生物降解方法，探讨了黄孢原毛平革菌和杂色云芝单一菌株生物降解及双菌株联合降解木质纤维素的规律，白腐菌双菌联合固态培养可使木质素降解率达到47．64％，脱木素选择性为4．74．采用模拟大规模白腐菌堆积培养（厚度30cm）的方法降解秸秆木质素，培养30d，木素降解率为32．54％，表明此方法是一种可行的大规模生物顸处理方法．     

核酸P1酶产生菌选育及其生理生态学研究

采用改良的菌选育方法选育到一株高活性磷酸二酯酶产生菌。通过生理生态双向选择方法，确定了适合于该菌株产酶的优化条件．在营养因子筛选中发现一种廉价的产酶促进因子，添加该物质可使酶活提高２～４倍。在最佳工艺条件下，摇瓶酶活可达５００ｕ／ｍｌ，对该菌株进行了３０Ｌ发酵罐发酵试验，酶活达６４０ｕ／ｍｌ。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.