基于萤火虫BP神经网络的车牌识别算法

为了提高车牌识别的精确度,提出一种萤火虫反向传播(back propagation, BP)神经网络车牌识别算法.首先,采用原始图像的色相饱和度(hue saturation value, HSV)模式定位车牌并切割出字符,再提取字符的局部二值特征和像素统计特征作为BP神经网络的输入;然后,利用萤火虫算法优化BP神经网络的初始权值和阈值训练BP神经网络;最后,对萤火虫BP神经网络与原始BP神经网络算法进行对比分析.结果表明,萤火虫BP神经网络算法对字符的识别精度高于原始BP神经网络,该算法可用于车牌识别.     

改进特征的车牌识别算法

由于光照不均、倾斜、模糊、字符笔画粗细不均匀、切分位置偏差因素,现有车牌识别算法的最终字符识别正确率较低。对现有几种BP字符识别算法所选取的输入特征进行改进和融合,作为BP神经网络的输入,以提高识别的准确度。通过对大量样本仿真实验,证明新特征很好地保留了字符的纹理信息,提高了BP网络对畸异字符的适应性,同时提高了综合识别率,有较高的实用价值。     

一种基于混合神经网络的车牌字符识别方法

针对单一种类的神经网络在识别严重污损的车牌字符时很难达到理想效果的问题,提出了一种基于联想记忆算法与BP算法相结合的混合神经网络.该网络将Hopfield神经网络与BP神经网络级联,对输入的字符样本进行两次判别.通过对加噪、旋转和切割情况下的车牌字符样本进行识别实验,证明该方法可有效地提高车牌字符的识别率.     

一种改进的手写数学公式符号识别算法

针对手写数学公式符号的特殊性提出一种改进的公式符号识别算法,利用外接矩形技术来切分公式符号,利用改进的BP神经网络算法进行手写数学公式符号识别,实验证明,改进后的公式符号识别算法提高收敛速度和识别的效率.     

基于LVQ神经网络算法的脱机手写数字识别研究

针对BP神经网络进行脱机手写数字识别所存在的问题,提出用自组织竞争神经网络(LVQ)对脱机手写数字识别的方法.介绍了LVQ神经网络算法,并构建了LVQ神经网络的识别模型,用Matlab软件进行了仿真.将获得的仿真结果数据与BP神经网络的测试结果进行对比分析,发现LVQ神经网络对脱机手写数字的识别率明显高于BP神经网络,且收敛速度更快.该方法在脱机手写数字识别领域具有一定的可行性与指导性.     

基于BP神经网络的脱机手写混排字符集的识别方法

脱机手写字符自动识别是计算机光学字符识别(OCR)领域的一个活跃课题,有着十分广泛的应用前景.文中提出了基于BP神经网络的脱机手写中英文和数字混合字符集的识别方法,给出一种特征提取方法,通过实验说明如何选取网络隐含层神经元个数,以及如何选取网络连接权值的初值.对由不同人手写的中英文字符的混合字符集做识别实验,结果表明文中所设计的神经网络分类器,不仅能保证识别精度和识别速度,而且能有效的识别混合字符集.     

利用小波和RBF神经网络进行手写数字识别

提出一种基于小波和RBF神经网络的手写数字识别方法.该方法首先提取字符的小波特征,以它们作为神经网络的输入向量,然后用RBF神经网络进行识别.对字符样本的识别结果显示,此方法在识别错误率和识别效率等方面均有很好的效果.     

基于人工神经网络的手写阿拉伯数字识别

本文讨论了人工神经网络在手写数字识别中的应用,针对手写体数字的结构特点,采用改进的BP学习算法进行识别.建立了基于神经网络的手写数字模式识别系统,并用Matlab仿真进行结果分析,该系统识别率为70%.     

基于改进的BP神经网络下的字符识别

我国字符一般由汉字、英文字母以及阿拉伯数字组成,字符图片的类型众多给字符的识别带来了很多困难.参照目前现有人工智能算法的优点,结合了字符特征提取方法设计了一个改进的BP神经网络对归一化后的三类字符进行识别,取得了预期效果.     

一种基于MATLAB的手写字母的神经网络识别方法

利用前向多层神经网络的反向传播算法,即BP算法,采用MATLAB软件构建用于特征识别的两层前向神经网络,将已知字母经图象处理后对BP网络进行训练,此BP神经网络可以成功地识别A－Z26个手写英文字母。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to