高挤压比下挤压工艺对AZ31B镁合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究了高挤压比条件下挤压温度、速度对AZ31B镁合金微观组织、力学性能的影响。采用光学显微镜观察了显微组织,拉伸试验测试了力学性能,并配合扫描电镜观察了拉伸试样的断口形貌。结果表明,高挤压比条件下,动态再结晶较为充分,少量晶粒长大,混晶组织消失。低温、高速挤压有助于晶粒细化,并使晶粒尺寸分布均匀,因而可获得高的抗拉强度、屈服强度以及良好的塑性。350 ℃,2 m/min条件下挤压,试样抗拉强度与延伸率最高,为336.5 MPa与 23%。低温、高速下的挤压试样的拉伸断口韧窝较深且细密,呈现明显的韧性断裂特征,而高温、低速的断口为混合断裂。     

喷射沉积AZ31镁合金微观组织与力学性能

采用喷射沉积方法制备了AZ31镁合金沉积柱坯,利用热轧作为后续加工,研究了镁合金的组织变化及材料的性能.实验结果表明:沉积态合金组织均匀,晶粒细小(平均晶粒尺寸约为20μm);热轧变形的致密化过程、动态再结晶以及退火再结晶使合金具有良好的组织结构和力学性能;轧制态试样断口呈现为脆性解理断裂方式,退火态试样断口则表现为脆性和韧性断裂混合机制.     

挤压次数对Mg-Zn-Zr-Re合金组织和性能的影响

研究一次与二次挤压变形对添加稀土元素Nd和Y的ZK60镁合金显微组织及力学性能的影响。对加稀土元素Nd和Y的ZK60镁合金在5MN立式挤压机上进行一次与二次挤压,并在国产CSS-44100电子万能拉伸机上进行拉伸试验,采用光学显微镜观察其铸态与变形态显微组织,并在KYKY-2800扫描电镜上观察断口形貌。研究结果表明：经一次挤压后,加入稀土Nd和Y后ZK60镁合金发生动态再结晶晶粒细化,力学性能显著提高,但伸长率较低（在10％以下）;经二次挤压后,在不显著降低合金强度的条件下,其塑性得到明显提高（均在10％以上）。     

钨合金力学性能及断口形貌的温度效应

研究了真空退火态93WNiFe合金在10-900℃的拉伸性能、断口形貌及显微组织,研究结果表明：随着温度的升高钨合金抗拉强度逐渐下降,延伸率先上升后下降,在400℃出现峰值,断口形貌由钨颗粒解理型断裂逐渐向钨颗粒与粘结相脱开型断裂转变,钨合金抗拉强度主要受断口断裂模式的影响,而延伸率却受钨颗粒和粘结相变形的共同影响。     

挤压变形对Mg-2.5Zn-0.5Ca合金组织与性能的影响

通过真空感应熔炼铸造法制备Mg-2.5Zn-0.5Ca合金,并对该合金铸态和挤压态试样分别进行显微组织、力学性能及断口形貌的对比分析.结果表明:经挤压变形后该合金发生动态再结晶,晶粒及Ca2Mg6Zn3沉淀相得到显著细化.挤压后屈服强度达222MPa,增大幅度高达204%,抗拉强度提高到291MPa.延伸率从铸态的11.5%上升至26%,经挤压变形后合金的断裂机制发生由脆性向韧性的转变,Ca2Mg6Zn3沉淀相为该合金的主要强化相.     

TBR工艺对AZ91D镁合金压铸件组织性能的影响

采用自主研发的锥桶式流变成型技术,实现AZ91D镁合金从制浆到流变压铸的一体化工艺过程.研究TBR工艺下AZ91D镁合金流变压铸件的显微组织、力学性能及拉伸断口,探讨TBR工艺参数对流变压铸件微观组织与力学性能的影响规律.结果表明,流变压铸 AZ91D镁合金合适的TBR工艺参数是内锥桶转速为500～600 r/min、外锥桶桶体温度为570～590 ℃;与液态压铸相比,TBR工艺下流变压铸件抗拉强度提高了5%～15%、伸长率提高40%以上,拉伸断裂方式由沿晶断裂占主导转变为以准解理断裂占主导.     

AZ31镁合金氩弧焊接接头组织与力学性能研究

钨极氩弧焊(TIG)为镁合金焊接中最常用的一种焊接方法。本文采用直流钨极氩弧焊对6.0 mm厚AZ31镁合金挤压板材进行了双面焊接实验。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸试验机考察分析了焊接接头显微组织与力学性能。显微组织分析表明,AZ31镁合金直流TIG焊接头由母材、热影响区、焊缝区组成,焊缝组织呈现焊丝熔化后凝固组织;在母材热影响区与焊缝区之间坡口处形成过渡区,晶粒细小,为母材与焊丝的熔合区。采用AZ31焊丝焊接接头平均抗拉强度为241.0 MPa,延伸率为13.8%,分别达到了母材的86.0%和63.6%。焊接接头的断裂均位于热影响区,断口呈现韧脆混合断裂特征。     

铸造方法对健身器材用镁合金的组织及疲劳性能的影响

分别采用常规铸造和增压型差压铸造法制备了健身运动器材用AZ91-0.15Y镁合金,并进行了化学成分、物相组成、显微组织和疲劳性能的测试与对比分析。结果表明:与常规铸造相比,增压型差压铸造明显细化了该合金的显微组织,提高了合金的疲劳性能;常规铸锭疲劳断口为脆性断裂,增压型差压铸锭的疲劳断口为解理断裂和韧性断裂的混合,说明后者的韧性更好。     

形变TZM合金的拉伸性能和断口组织

采用粉末冶金方法制备出TZM合金并进行热轧处理,测试不同变形量TZM合金的拉伸性能,分析显微组织和断口形貌.结果表明,TZM合金无论变形与否拉伸断裂均含有沿晶脆性断裂;TZM合金随变形量的增加,加工态纤维组织增多,力学性能增强,断裂表现为由沿晶脆性断裂、解理断裂和穿晶解理断裂向沿晶韧性断裂和准解理断裂转变;随变形量的增加,TZM合金的碳化物相分散均匀、弥散度提高,晶界结合力增强,从而TZM合金的力学性能得以提高.     

稀土铒、铈改性AZ91镁合金应力腐蚀行为研究

通过金属型浇铸方法制备稀土铒(Er)、铈(Ce)改性AZ91镁合金(AZErCe).采用慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)试验、动电位极化测试、X射线光电子谱(XPS)、扫描电镜(SEM)以及X射线衍射(XRD)等方法研究Er、Ce对AZ91镁合金显微组织以及在含Cl~-湿大气下应力腐蚀开裂(SCC)行为的影响.结果表明,稀土Er、Ce添加后,β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相由不连续网状分布转变为细小的弥散岛状分布,并生成Al_3Er和Al_(11)Ce_3金属间化合物,减少β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相的体积分数;通过抑制β-Mg_(17)Al_(12)相的阴极作用,提高表面膜的致密性,改善合金抗局部腐蚀性能,阻滞裂纹的萌生、扩展以及弱化氢脆的影响,Er、Ce极大提高了AZ91镁合金的抗应力腐蚀性能,合金的应力腐蚀断口由脆性解理断裂转变为准解理断裂,且断口边缘局部腐蚀程度大大减轻.     

稀土Y对挤压态Mg-5Li合金组织及性能的影响

采用表面覆盖剂及氩气保护的熔炼方法制备了Mg-5Li-x Y(x=0,1,2,3,4)合金,研究了稀土元素Y对挤压态Mg-5Li合金的显微组织及力学性能的影响.研究结果表明,Mg-5Li合金中的Y元素主要是以稀土化合物Mg24Y5的形式存在于合金中;挤压变形后,合金发生了明显的动态再结晶,出现了大量的等轴晶,弥散分布的Mg24Y5相阻碍了动态再结晶过程中的晶粒长大,晶粒明显细化.挤压态Mg-5Li-3Y合金获得了优异的力学性能,其抗拉强度和断裂伸长率分别达到了231.63 MPa和9.35%,合金断裂方式主要为韧性断裂.     

微滴喷射法制备植物乳杆菌微胶囊的试验研究

通过对6005A合金铸锭均匀化制度和挤压工模具结构进行调整,来改善挤压制品的晶粒组织结构,进而达到提高6005A铝合金汽车梁挤压制品的力学性能及稳定性的目的。试验结果表明,适当调整铸锭均匀化制度以及减少模具工作带长度,对减轻挤压制品再结晶层厚度有明显作用,即当铸锭均匀化制度调整到510 ℃、保温6 h,降低模具工作带长度至3 mm时,可明显降低挤压型材制品再结晶层厚度,使型材组织更加均匀细小。型材T6状态下屈服强度由274 MPa提升到298 MPa,抗拉强度由291 MPa提升到313 MPa,断后伸长率则由9%提升到15%,达到稳定辊弯加工成形性的目的。     

挤压比对低温挤压ZA15锌合金组织和力学性能的影响

利用拉伸试验和扫描电镜,研究了在150℃,挤压比对反向挤压ZA15锌合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:随着挤压比的增加,ZA15锌合金室温抗拉强度有所提高,但都在150 MPa以下.其伸长率在160%~180%,具有室温超塑性.这主要是由于均匀化后形成的(α+η)片层共析组织经塑性变形后转变成以η相为基体,α相呈粒状弥散分布组织.这意味着采用低温常规挤压制备ZA15锌合金即可获得室温超塑性,同时,其力学性能也能够满足热喷涂ZA15锌合金线材的新标准要求.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of the micrograined hypoeutectic Zn–Mg alloy

A biodegradable Zn alloy, Zn–1.6Mg, with the potential medical applications as a promising coating material for steel components was studied in this work. The alloy was prepared by three different procedures: gravity casting, hot extrusion, and a combination of rapid solidification and hot extrusion. The samples prepared were characterized by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Vickers hardness, tensile, and compressive tests were performed to determine the samples’ mechanical properties. Structural examination reveals that the average grain sizes of samples prepared by gravity casting, hot extrusion, and rapid solidification followed by hot extrusion are 35.0, 9.7, and 2.1 μm, respectively. The micrograined sample with the finest grain size exhibits the highest hardness (Hv = 122 MPa), compressive yield strength (382 MPa), tensile yield strength (332 MPa), ultimate tensile strength (370 MPa), and elongation (9%). This sample also demonstrates the lowest work hardening in tension and temporary softening in compression among the prepared samples. The mechanical behavior of the samples is discussed in relation to the structural characteristics, Hall–Petch relationship, and deformation mechanisms in fine-grained hexagonal-close-packed metals.     

淬火转移时间对A357 铝合金力学性能与微观组织的影响

 采用OM、DSC、SEM 与TEM,结合力学性能测试研究淬火转移时间对A357 铝合金力学性能与微观组织的影响。结果表明:随着淬火转移时间由3 s 延长至49 s,A357 铝合金经T6 热处理后的抗拉强度、屈服强度与延伸率分别由351 MPa、275MPa 与12.4%降低至320 MPa、254 MPa 与6.5%,合金材料的抗拉强度连续下降,屈服强度变化较小,延伸率呈现出先上升后下降的变化趋势。初生与共晶Si 相逐渐由细长的针状或片层状转变为椭圆球状或棒状,平均长度为10~25 μm,平均宽度为5~10 μm,当淬火转移时间超过35 s 后,初生与共晶Si 相则仍以细长的针状或片层状形貌为主。拉伸断口形貌以韧窝断裂为主,附带部分沿晶断裂,随着淬火转移时间的增加,断口表面韧窝数量随之减少,沿晶断裂裂纹数量不断增加;Mg 与Si 元素集中分布于晶粒边界处的二元与三元共晶组织中,Al 元素广泛分布于晶粒内部及晶粒边界处;人工时效过程析出的Mg₂Si 强化相长度约为0.2~1 μm,宽度为0.02~0.08 μm,且随着淬火转移时间的延长,Mg₂Si 强化相的析出数大量减少,长径比不断下降,合金材料的强度与塑性随之降低。     

Size and distribution of Te inclusions in detector-grade CdZnTe ingots

The effects of Sc addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy were investigated by using optical microscope,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and tensile testing.The experimental results show that a minor Sc addition to ZK60 alloy has an obvious effect on the refinement of the microstructure of the ZK60 alloy. During hot extrusion,incomplete dynamic recrystallization occurs in all the alloys,and the recrystallized grains become much finer with...     

Effect of Mn content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–6Li–4Zn-xMn alloys

The as-cast Mg–6Li–4Zn-xMn alloys were prepared and extruded at 280 ​°C with an extrusion ratio of 25:1. The effects of Mn content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–6Li–4Zn-xMn alloys were investigated in this study. The XRD results show that Mg–6Li–4Zn–xMn alloys consisted of α-Mg (hcp) ​+ ​β-Li (bcc) duplex structured matrix, MgLi₂Zn and Mn phases. The grains of the extruded Mg–6Li–4Zn–xMn alloys were refined by dynamic recrystallization during the extrusion process. The EBSD results show that the extruded alloys had basal textures. The grain size of the extruded alloys decreased while the basal texture was strengthened with the increasing Mn addition. The TEM results show that a large amount of nanoscale Mn precipitates existed in the extruded Mg–6Li–4Zn–1.2Mn alloy, which can effectively inhibit the dynamic recrystallized (DRXed) grains growth during the hot extrusion and is beneficial to the improvement of mechanical properties. Mg–6Li–4Zn–1.2Mn alloy in this research possesses the best mechanical properties with the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of 321 ​MPa, 250 ​MPa, respectively.     

Effect of Al on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded Mg–1Mn alloy sheet

The effect of Al addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of hot extruded Mg–1 Mn alloy sheet was investigated. The results revealed that the dynamic recrystallization was promoted by increasing Al content. The ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of the alloy increased with the increase of Al content. The Mg–9 Al–1 Mn alloy exhibited the highest strength, with tensile strength of 308 MPa, 307 MPa, 319 MPa, yield strength of 199 MPa, 207 MPa, 220 MPa and the elongation of 20.9%, 20.1%, 19.2% in 0°, 45°, 90°, respectively.The high strength was mainly attributed to the formation of fine dynamically recrystallized grains and large amounts of the second phase. The strengthening mechanism of the alloys was explained.