钝感火工品中新技术、新含能材料研究进展

 火工品的敏感度及抗干扰能力是影响弹药安全性的重要因素.因此,大力发展钝感火工品,对提高弹药安全性有重要意义.本文对钝感火工品领域的激光点火、爆炸逻辑网络和冲击片雷管等前沿技术进行了综述,介绍了其结构原理、发展历程和国内外最新的研究成果,同时通过对国内外技术水平进行比较,总结了中国与国外技术的差距及技术瓶颈,展望了上述技术未来的发展趋势.另外,对国外最新研制成功的LLM-105、DAAzF、FOX-7、TNAZ等新含能材料进行了综述,介绍了这几种含能材料在安全性和能量水平等方面的巨大优势,并对其在钝感火工品中的应用前景进行展望.最后,总结了中国在钝感火工品研究中存在的不足,并对中国应走的研究路线提出了几点建议.     

钝感火药装药膛内实际燃烧规律的研究

目的 研究钝感火药装药膛内的实际燃烧规律,方法 制备一种双基钝感火药,并在大口径火炮上进行射击实验,用内弹道势平衡的方法研究了该钝感火药装药膛内的实际燃烧规律,结果 采用钝感火药装药后,膛内实际燃烧的热平衡点参数向后移动,钝感 火药装药燃气生成函数可分别用三次函数和二次函数的拟合式表示,其膛内实际燃烧速度函数可表示为以相结压力冲量为自变量的指数函数或正比函数,结论利用内弹道势平衡方法研究钝感火药装     

超细钝感HMX小尺寸沟槽装药爆轰波传播速度的测试与分析

为了研究超细钝感HMX在小尺寸沟槽装药条件下爆速与装药尺寸的关系,设计加工了实验基板,建立了爆速测试方法,分别测定了不同沟槽尺寸下的爆速. 通过对数据进行分析处理,得出了超细钝感HMX的极限爆速为8.56mm·μs-1,极限尺寸为1.2mm×1.2mm,并分别给出了该炸药装药爆速与装药尺寸关系的半经验与经验关系式,为该炸药在微火工领域的应用提供了依据.     

FOX-7研究新进展

综述了国内外研究者对1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7)性能、合成新方法、晶体结构特性、热化学特性及其在火炸药中应用的最新研究进展。研究结果表明,FOX-7感度低于RDX,其具有较好的能量性能、爆轰性能和金属加速性能等,分析并提出了FOX-7应用于武器系统中的研究内容。     

钝感剂及装药工艺对炸药燃烧转爆轰的影响

分析了高密度成型炸药装药的燃烧转爆轰(DDT)过程及其特性,采用电探针法分别研究了钝感剂以及熔铸与压装两种装药工艺对炸药DDT的影响,对比了不同条件下炸药发生DDT的诱导爆轰距离。结果表明,高密度成型装药的DDT过程,主要是燃烧压缩波汇聚形成冲击波,并诱发爆轰的机制。由于钝感剂具有较大热容和较小导热系数,炸药中加入钝感剂,使炸药的诱导爆轰距离变大。熔铸炸药抗压强度低于压装炸药,且呈一定的脆性,在燃烧过程中易发生破碎,导致燃烧面增大,并进一步提高燃速,因此熔铸工艺可以减小炸药的诱导爆轰距离。     

含能材料LLM-105及其类似物生成热和稳定性研究

利用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法结合等键反应设计,在B3LYP/6-311G*水平上对LLM-105及其类似物的生成热进行了计算,并结合分子的电子结构讨论了目标物的相对稳定性.     

火炸药静电性能研究进展

 火炸药静电性能是评估火炸药在静电环境中安全性的重要参数,静电感度和静电积累量的研究对减少火炸药静电事故的发生有着重大的意义.本文从多个方面对火炸药静电性能的研究进展进行了综述.在静电火花感度方面,分析了测试方法中各种因素对测试结果的影响;讨论了火炸药静电火花感度与其分子结构和其他相关性能的关系;并对静电火花点燃火炸药的机理进行了叙述.在静电积累方面,总结火炸药静电起电的机理,并对国内外研究进展进行了简单概述.还进一步对火炸药静电防护技术进行了一些讨论.火炸药静电感度和静电积累测试受仪器条件、环境因素和药剂形貌等因素的影响较大,因而测试结果存在较大的偏差,不能得到绝对的数值,只能相对比较,对结构与性能之间的关系规律研究更要求是在同一条件下得到数据.     

高能钝感推进剂配方改性的研究进展

分别从含能黏合剂、含能增塑剂、高能填料以及高能填料的物理及化学改性等方面,综述了高能钝感推进剂配方改性的研究进展。高能钝感推进剂的发展趋势表明,如何协调推进剂的高能量与低感度的矛盾是今后的研究重点。具体途径包括以下三点:新型钝感含能组分在推进剂中的应用研究、高能推进剂结构与感度的构效关系研究以及高能量密度材料的降感改性研究。     

渐近式静电感度仪研究通过评审

渐近式静电感度仪研究通过评审杨权中副教授完成的勺＼五”火炸药公司下达的课题“渐近式静电感度仪研究”于１２月４日下午通过校评审，并由火炸药局认定。该成果包括研制成功渐近式静感度仪、制订了主装炸药静电感度测定法两部分。此研究的完成，为该领域与国际标准接轨...     

氯代-1,4-二羟基蒽醌类中间体的合成、表征与性质

以多种氯代苯酐和对苯二酚为起始原料、无水三氯化铝为催化剂，通过Ffiedel—Crafts反应合成了多种氯代-1，4-二羟基蒽醌，利用UV-Vis、IR和^1HNMR等对制得的化合物进行了结构表征．结果表明：苯环上的氯原子对氯代苯酐的酰化活性具有明显的致钝作用，氯原子数量越多致钝作用越强，α-氯原子的致钝作用明显高于β-氯原子，表明氯原子的共轭效应是影响氯代苯酐酰化活性的主导因素；氯代-1，4-二羟基蒽醌分子中，氯原子的共轭效应提高了羰基的电子云密度，使分子内的氢键缔合增强，氯原子的诱导效应降低了异环的电子云密度．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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