离心叶轮外侧面摩擦损失计算

通过对离心叶轮外侧间隙中泄漏气体流动的分析,给出了速度分布,利用Ｇｏｌｄｓｔｅｉｎ由旋转圆盘实验得出的对数壁面率去处理叶轮外侧面的摩擦应力分布．求解边界层动量积分方程,计算了叶轮外侧面的摩擦损失．将计算结果与实验结果进行了比较,并对一台实际离心压缩机叶轮外侧面的摩擦损失进行计算,证明文中所述的计算叶轮外侧面的摩擦损失的方法是正确的,对离心式压缩机的设计具有一定的参考价值．     

通风机损失模型的分析研究

采用两类相对流面的三元流动理论 ,求解出离心通风机中叶轮、蜗壳等主要元件流道中速度分布的规律 ,并考虑各项损失之间的相互关联和影响 ,建立了多系数整机损失数学模型 .利用已有的后向式离心通风机的实验数据 ,采用最优化的方法确定出损失模型中的各有关系数 .并通过实验验证模型的可靠性     

离心通风机内部流场数值模拟

为降低离心通风机的能耗,在不同体积流量参数条件下应用Fluent软件对WDLH-450型离心通风机内部流场进行了数值模拟,得到风机效率、总压力和叶轮功率等数据.结果表明,总压力和效率等性能参数的模拟结果与实验测量数值非常吻合,验证了数值模拟的正确性.由于风机叶片为不规则几何体,使得风机在工作时内部流场非常复杂,叶片旋转时会产生不规则的气流,形成蜗壳区域气体的二次流动和叶轮前盘区域的涡流,造成叶轮和蜗壳区域流动能量的损失.同时,各叶轮流道的流场由于气流流动分布的不均匀性而存在压力不对称的现象.     

叶片数及轴向间隙对矿用对旋式轴流通风机气动性能的影响

以矿用对旋式轴流通风机为研究对象,应用计算流体力学软件FLUENT在不同叶片数及轴向间隙下对通风机气动性能进行三维流场模拟,分析不同叶片数及轴向间隙对通风机气动性能的影响.结果表明随着通风机前后两级叶轮叶片数的增加,通风机的全压会相应地增大,效率会先提高后降低,即存在一个前后两级叶轮叶片数的最佳组合,此时通风机的气动性能最佳.在前后两级叶轮最佳叶片数组合下,两级叶轮轴向间隙的增大会增加通风机流道内气流的摩擦损失,从而降低通风机的全压和效率;减小两级叶轮的轴向间隙可提高通风机的全压和效率,但叶片的振动和通风机的噪声会有所增大.研究结果对矿用对旋式轴流通风机的优化设计具有一定的指导意义.     

6—30型风机流场的三维模拟与分析

离心风机在各个工业领域有重要应用,离心叶轮的设计者需要详细了解其内部流场的各种流动现象。本文采用CFD商用软件FLUENT6．1对离心风机内部流场进行了三维数值模拟。计算中采用了标准k-ε湍流模型与非结构化网格。通过模拟发现了蜗舌对叶轮中流动的影响和部分空气在叶轮中的螺旋状流动,捕捉到了离心通风机内部许多重要的流动现象,同时对计算结果进行了分析,对该类风机的性能改进提供了一定的依据。     

离心通风机气动声源识别方法研究与应用

为了满足离心通风机降噪的迫切需要,提出了一种以固体壁面静压变化率为识别参数的主要偶极子声源的简便识别方法。将静压变化率的时均值定义为偶极子声源强度,声源强度大的地方就是主要声源区。该方法只需对非定常流动进行数值模拟,从而省去了繁琐的声场计算,虽不能定量给出通风机气动噪声的大小或具体的降噪效果,但可以为通风机的降噪提供有用的指导。通过将该方法应用于指导T9-19No.4A离心通风机的降噪实践,证实了该方法在工程应用中的有效性。     

低压轴流通风机流型的优化计算

在对低压轴流通风机级效率计算公式分析的基础上,考虑到叶轮内损失沿径向分布的不均匀性,应用最优化理论,提出了低压轴流通风机最优流型的数值计算方法,并给出了最优流型与目前风机设计方法中的常用流型对风机性能影响的比较。     

采用遗传算法的离心叶轮多目标自动优化设计

针对离心叶轮多目标自动优化设计,首先提出了一种离心叶轮参数化方法,通过对离心叶轮型线数据进行转换,分别建立了圆柱坐标系下叶轮控制参数与归一化长度参数之间的关系,采用非均匀有理B样条进行叶型重构,获得叶片和叶轮子午流道构型.将离心叶轮参数化方法、多目标遗传算法及商业化数值计算软件NUMECA相结合,建立起离心叶轮自动优化设计平台.以总压比和效率为设计目标,在设计工况下,采用该方法对Krain高速离心叶轮进行气动优化设计,获得一系列优化叶轮,并采用数值模拟方法对叶轮内部流动特性及其气动性能进行了比较分析.结果表明,优化叶轮的总体气动性能有不同程度的改善,在叶轮出口截面上流场分布更加均匀,总压比和等熵效率约提高了2.5%和1.0%,同时也验证了所发展的多目标离心叶轮自动优化设计方法的有效性.     

三元叶轮数控加工刀位规划误差对其气动力性能影响

采用CFD手段对由直纹面叶轮和包络面叶轮构成的离心通风机内部流场分别进行数值模拟,进而对二者的压力分布和速度矢量等参数进行分析比较.直纹面叶轮是气动力学理论设计的叶轮,包络面叶轮是刀具运动包络形成的叶轮.通过数值模拟发现二者内部的各参数基本接近,流场差别不大,结果表明加工叶轮的刀位生成算法可以满足其气动力学性能要求,同时该方法为设计部门制定合理的叶轮加工公差提供了依据.     

径流式叶轮三元流动计算分析及改型讨论

应用准正交面方法编制了一个通用程序对上海交通大学生产的50马力消防泵用小燃气轮机装置的离心压气机及向心涡轮进行了三元流场计算。文中提出了判别叶轮流场好坏的准则。根据压气机叶轮流场的计算结果表明,其气动性能尚有待改进。提出了压气机叶轮的一些改型措施。向心涡轮的流场计算结果表明,该叶轮气动设计是良好的。另外,也进行了计及熵梯度变化时的叶轮流场计算,由于考虑了沿盘盖方向的损失变化,其计算结果看来更符合实际情况。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to